5.3 Flashcards
what is a solute
a substance that is dissolved
what is a solvent
a substance that dissolves a solute
what is the equation for concentration
conc= m(g) / v(dm^3)
define a solution
solute dissolved in a solvent
how do you convert cm^3 into dm^3
divide by 1000
how do you calculate molar concentration (equation)
molar conc = moles / volume
what is a standard solution
a solution whose concentration is accurately known
what are primary standards
substances used to make a standard solution by weighing
what should the properties of primary standards be
-solid
-high molar mass
-high degree of purity
-chemically stable
-not absorb water from the atmosphere
-soluble in water
-react rapidly & completely
what is titration/volumetric analysis
a practical method with the aim of measuring the volumes of two solutions that react together
what is a base
alkali
what apparatus is needed for a titration
-conical flask
-burette
-clamp stand
-pipette + pipette filler
-deionized water
-small funnel
-white tile
why do you repeat titers to get concordant results
within 0.2cm^3 of each other
ensure accuracy
dismiss anomalies
state 2 indicators and their colour change
methyl orange
yellow/orange -> red
alkali -> acid
pink -> colourless
phenolphthalein
state a strong and a weak acid
strong: hydrochloric acid HCl
nitric acid HNO3
weak: ethanoic acid CH3COOH
