5.1 Rates of Reactions Flashcards
How do you work out rate of reaction from products or reactants ?
Rate = quantity of reactants or products / time.
How do you work out rate of reaction using concentration ?
Rate = change in concentration / change in time.
What is zero order ?
When the concentration of a reactant has no effect on the rate with respect to the reactant. Rate is proportional to (A)^0 = 1
What is first order ?
Rate is proportional to (A)^1 or (A).
If you double the concentration of A, the rate also doubles as the rate is directionally proportional to the concentration of the reactant.
What is second order ?
Rate is proportional to (A) ^2.
If you double the concentration of A, the rate will quadruple and increase by a factor of 2 squared.
What is the rate equation ?
Rate equation gives the mathematical relationship between the concentrations of the reactants and the reaction rate.
Rate = k x (A)^X x (B)^Y
What is the rate constant ?
Rate constant, k, is proportionally constant. It is the number that mathematically converts between rate of reaction and concentration and orders.
What is the overall order ?
Overall order of reaction gives the overall effect of the concentrations of all reactants on the rate of reaction.
You add up all the orders with respect to each reactant.
What is half-life ?
Time taken for half the reactant to be used up.
What is the half life of a first order reaction ?
The half life of a reaction remains constant throughout a first order reaction.
What is the half life of a second order reaction ?
The half life of reactant will increase with time during a second order reaction.
How do you work out rate constant (k) ?
Rate / concentration
OR
K= ln2/time
How does temperature affect rate ?
As temperature increases, the rate increasing through an increase in the value of k.
What is the Arrhenius equation ?
k=Ae ^−Ea/RT
What is the slowest step in inorganic reaction mechanisms ?
Rate determining step.
