5010 Pathology- Pharmacology

Question 1

Steps for Drug Access/ FDA approval

Answer 1

a. pre-clinical trials
b. clinical trials (4 stages)
c. applictaion to FDA
d. approval for given use
e. approval for marketing- alternative uses.

Question 2

Controlled Drug Access:

Schedules I-V

Answer 2

I. NEVER prescribe (heroin)
II. Prescribed but highly controlled (narcotics)
III & IV. Prescriptions
V. Over-the-counter

Question 3

Pharmacokinetics Overview

Answer 3

a. Administration- dose
b. Absorption
c. Bioavailability- (conc. in blood & other tissues)
d. Clearance (metabolism- liver, excretion- urine)

Question 4

Drug Administration (2 types w/ subcategories)

Answer 4

a. Enteral
(Oral, Sublingual, Rectal)
b. Parental
(Topical, Injection, Inhalation)

Question 5

Bioavailability: Volume of Distribution

Answer 5

(Amount of Drug Administered)
= ———————————————
(Concentration of drug in plasma)

Question 6

Vd and TWB
Volume Distribution and Total Body Water
Meanings

Answer 6

Vd = TBA Equal Distribution
Vd > TBA Less Plasma Concentration
Vd

Question 7

Factors involved in bioavailability

Answer 7

i. blood flow
ii. tissue permeability
iii. plasma protein binding
iv. tissue binding

Question 8

Elimination Methods

Answer 8

1. Biotransformation/Metabolism
2. Excretion
3. Volatilization