5000 English Vocabulary Words - Sheet9 Flashcards
recrudescent adj
Becoming raw or sore again
recruit v
To enlist men for military or naval service
rectify v
To correct
rectitude n
The quality of being upright in principles and conduct
recuperate v
To recover
recur v
To happen again or repeatedly, especially at regular intervals
recure v
To cure again
recurrent adj
Returning from time to time, especially at regular or stated intervals
redemption n
The recovery of what is mortgaged or pledged, by paying the debt
redolent adj
Smelling sweet and agreeable
redolence n
Smelling sweet and agreeable
redoubtable adj
Formidable
redound n
Rebound
redress v
To set right, as a wrong by compensation or the punishment of the wrong-doer
reducible adj
That may be reduced
redundance n
Excess
redundant adj
Constituting an excess
reestablish v
To restore
refer v
To direct or send for information or other purpose
referrer n
One who refers
referable adj
Ascribable
referee n
An umpire
refinery n
A place where some crude material, as sugar or petroleum, is purified
reflectible adj
Capable of being turned back
reflection n
The throwing off or back of light, heat, sound, or any form of energy that travels in waves
reflector n
A mirror, as of metal, for reflecting light, heat, or sound in a particular direction
reflexible adj
Capable of being reflected
reform n
Change for the better
reformer n
One who carries out a reform
refract v
To bend or turn from a direct course
refractory adj
Not amenable to control
refragable adj
Capable of being refuted
refringency n
Power to refract
refringent adj
Having the power to refract
refusal n
Denial of what is asked
refute v
To prove to be wrong
regale v
To give unusual pleasure
regalia n
The emblems of royalty
regality n
Royalty
regenerate v
To reproduce
regent n
One who is lawfully deputized to administer the government for the time being in the name of the ruler
regicide n
The killing of a king or sovereign
regime n
Particular conduct or administration of affairs
regimen n
A systematized order or course of living with reference to food, clothing and personal habits
regiment n
A body of soldiers
regnant adj
Exercising royal authority in one’s own right
regress v
To return to a former place or condition
regretful adj
Feeling, expressive of, or full of regret
rehabilitate v
To restore to a former status, capacity, right rank, or privilege
reign v
To hold and exercise sovereign power
reimburse v
To pay back as an equivalent of what has been expended
rein n
A step attached to the bit for controlling a horse or other draft-animal
reinstate v
To restore to a former state, station, or authority
reiterate v
To say or do again and again
rejoin v
To reunite after separation
rejuvenate v
To restore to youth
rejuvenescence n
A renewal of youth
relapse v
To suffer a return of a disease after partial recovery
relegate v
To send off or consign, as to an obscure position or remote destination
relent v
To yield
relevant adj
Bearing upon the matter in hand
reliance n
Dependence
reliant adj
Having confidence
relinquish v
To give up using or having
reliquary n
A casket, coffer, or repository in which relics are kept
relish v
To like the taste or savor of
reluctance n
Unwillingness
reluctant adj
Unwilling
remembrance n
Recollection
reminiscence n
The calling to mind of incidents within the range of personal knowledge or experience
reminiscent adj
Pertaining to the recollection of matters of personal interest
remiss adj
Negligent
remission n
Temporary diminution of a disease
remodel v
Reconstruct
remonstrance n
Reproof
remonstrant adj
Having the character of a reproof
remonstrate v
To present a verbal or written protest to those who have power to right or prevent a wrong
remunerate v
To pay or pay for
remuneration n
Compensation
Renaissance n
The revival of letters, and then of art, which marks the transition from medieval to modern time
rendezvous n
A prearranged place of meeting
rendition n
Interpretation
renovate v
To restore after deterioration, as a building
renunciation n
An explicit disclaimer of a right or privilege
reorganize v
To change to a more satisfactory form of organization
reparable adj
Capable of repair
reparation n
The act of making amends, as for an injury, loss, or wrong
repartee n
A ready, witty, or apt reply
repeal v
To render of no further effect
repel v
To force or keep back in a manner, physically or mentally
repellent adj
Having power to force back in a manner, physically or mentally
repentance n
Sorrow for something done or left undone, with desire to make things right by undoing the wrong
repertory n
A place where things are stored or gathered together
repetition n
The act of repeating
repine v
To indulge in fretfulness and faultfinding
replenish v
To fill again, as something that has been emptied
replete adj
Full to the uttermost
replica n
A duplicate executed by the artist himself, and regarded, equally with the first, as an original
repository n
A place in which goods are stored
reprehend v
To find fault with
reprehensible adj
Censurable
reprehension n
Expression of blame
repress v
To keep under restraint or control
repressible adj
Able to be kept under restraint or control
reprieve v
To grant a respite from punishment to
reprimand v
To chide or rebuke for a fault
reprisal n
Any infliction or act by way of retaliation on an enemy
reprobate n
One abandoned to depravity and sin
reproduce v
To make a copy of
reproduction n
The process by which an animal or plant gives rise to another of its kind
reproof n
An expression of disapproval or blame personally addressed to one censured
repudiate v
To refuse to have anything to do with
repugnance n
Thorough dislike
repugnant adj
Offensive to taste and feeling
repulse n
The act of beating or driving back, as an attacking or advancing enemy
repulsive adj
Grossly offensive
repute v
To hold in general opinion
requiem n
A solemn mass sung for the repose of the souls of the dead
requisite adj
Necessary
requital n
Adequate return for good or ill
requite v
To repay either good or evil to, as to a person
rescind v
To make void, as an act, by the enacting authority or a superior authority
reseat v
To place in position of office again
resemblance n
Similarity in quality or form
resent v
To be indignant at, as an injury or insult
reservoir n
A receptacle where a quantity of some material, especially of a liquid or gas, may be kept
residue n
A remainder or surplus after a part has been separated or otherwise treated
resilience n
The power of springing back to a former position
resilient adj
Having the quality of springing back to a former position
resistance n
The exertion of opposite effort or effect
resistant adj
Offering or tending to produce resistance
resistive adj
Having or exercising the power of resistance
resistless adj
Powerless
resonance n
The quality of being able to reinforce sound by sympathetic vibrations
resonance adj
Able to reinforce sound by sympathetic vibrations
resonate v
To have or produce resonance
resource n
That which is restored to, relied upon, or made available for aid or support
respite n
Interval of rest
resplendent adj
Very bright
respondent adj
Answering
restitution n
Restoration of anything to the one to whom it properly belongs
resumption n
The act of taking back, or taking again
resurgent adj
Surging back or again
resurrection n
A return from death to life
resuscitate v
To restore from apparent death
retaliate v
To repay evil with a similar evil
retch v
To make an effort to vomit
retention n
The keeping of a thing within one’s power or possession
reticence n
The quality of habitually keeping silent or being reserved in utterance
reticent adj
Habitually keeping silent or being reserved in utterance
retinue n
The body of persons who attend a person of importance in travel or public appearance
retort n
A retaliatory speech
retouch v
To modify the details of
retrace v
To follow backward or toward the place of beginning, as a track or marking
retract v
To recall or take back (something that one has said)
retrench v
To cut down or reduce in extent or quantity
retrieve v
To recover something by searching
retroactive adj
Operative on, affecting, or having reference to past events, transactions, responsibilities
retrograde v
To cause to deteriorate or to move backward
retrogression n
A going or moving backward or in a reverse direction
retrospect n
A view or contemplation of something past
retrospective adj
Looking back on the past
reunite v
To unite or join again, as after separation
revelation n
A disclosing, discovering, or making known of what was before secret, private, or unknown
revere v
To regard with worshipful veneration
reverent adj
Humble
reversion n
A return to or toward some former state or condition
revert v
To return, or turn or look back, as toward a former position or the like
revile v
To heap approach or abuse upon
revisal n
Revision
revise v
To examine for the correction of errors, or for the purpose of making changes
revocation n
Repeal
revoke v
To rescind
rhapsody n
Rapt or rapturous utterance
rhetoric n
The art of discourse
rhetorician n
A showy writer or speaker
ribald adj
Indulging in or manifesting coarse indecency or obscenity
riddance n
The act or ridding or delivering from something undesirable
ridicule n
Looks or acts expressing amused contempt
ridiculous adj
Laughable and contemptible
rife adj
Abundant
righteousness n
Rectitude
rightful adj
Conformed to a just claim according to established laws or usage
rigmarole n
Nonsense
rigor n
Inflexibility
rigorous adj
Uncompromising
ripplet n
A small ripple, as of water
risible adj
capable of exciting laughter
rivulet n
A small stream or brook
robust adj
Characterized by great strength or power of endurance
rondo n
A musical composition during which the first part or subject is repeated several times
rookery n
A place where crows congregate to breed
rotary adj
Turning around its axis, like a wheel, or so constructed as to turn thus
rotate v
To cause to turn on or as on its axis, as a wheel
rote n
Repetition of words or sounds as a means of learning them, with slight attention
rotund adj
Round from fullness or plumpness
rudimentary adj
Being in an initial, early, or incomplete stage of development
rue v
To regret extremely
ruffian adj
A lawless or recklessly brutal fellow
ruminant adj
Chewing the cud
ruminate v
To chew over again, as food previously swallowed and regurgitated
rupture v
To separate the parts of by violence
rustic adj
Characteristic of dwelling in the country
ruth n
Sorrow for another’s misery
sacrifice v
To make an offering of to deity, especially by presenting on an altar
sacrificial adj
Offering or offered as an atonement for sin
sacrilege n
The act of violating or profaning anything sacred
sacrilegious adj
Impious
safeguard v
To protect
sagacious adj
Able to discern and distinguish with wise perception
salacious adj
Having strong sexual desires
salience n
The condition of standing out distinctly
salient adj
Standing out prominently
saline adj
Constituting or consisting of salt
salutary adj
Beneficial
salutation n
Any form of greeting, hailing, or welcome, whether by word or act
salutatory n
The opening oration at the commencement in American colleges
salvage n
Any act of saving property
salvo n
A salute given by firing all the guns, as at the funeral of an officer
sanctimonious adj
Making an ostentatious display or hypocritical pretense of holiness or piety
sanction v
To approve authoritatively
sanctity n
Holiness
sanguinary adj
Bloody
sanguine adj
Having the color of blood
sanguineous adj
Consisting of blood
sapid adj
Affecting the sense of taste
sapience n
Deep wisdom or knowledge
sapient adj
Possessing wisdom
sapiential adj
Possessing wisdom
saponaceous adj
Having the nature or quality of soap
sarcasm n
Cutting and reproachful language
sarcophagus n
A stone coffin or a chest-like tomb
sardonic adj
Scornfully or bitterly sarcastic
satiate v
To satisfy fully the appetite or desire of
satire n
The employment of sarcasm, irony, or keenness of wit in ridiculing vices
satiric adj
Resembling poetry, in which vice, incapacity ,or corruption is held up to ridicule
satirize v
To treat with sarcasm or derisive wit
satyr n
A very lascivious person
savage n
A wild and uncivilized human being
savor v
To perceive by taste or smell
scabbard n
The sheath of a sword or similar bladed weapon
scarcity n
Insufficiency of supply for needs or ordinary demands
scholarly adj
Characteristic of an erudite person
scholastic adj
Pertaining to education or schools
scintilla n
The faintest ray
scintillate v
To emit or send forth sparks or little flashes of light
scope n
A range of action or view
scoundrel n
A man without principle
scribble n
Hasty, careless writing
scribe n
One who writes or is skilled in writing
script n
Writing or handwriting of the ordinary cursive form
Scriptural adj
Pertaining to, contained in, or warranted by the Holy Scriptures
scruple n
Doubt or uncertainty regarding a question of moral right or duty
scrupulous adj
Cautious in action for fear of doing wrong
scurrilous adj
Grossly indecent or vulgar
scuttle v
To sink (a ship) by making holes in the bottom
scythe n
A long curved blade for mowing, reaping, etc
seance n
A meeting of spirituals for consulting spirits
sear v
To burn on the surface
sebaceous adj
Pertaining to or appearing like fat
secant adj
Cutting, especially into two parts
secede v
To withdraw from union or association, especially from a political or religious body
secession n
Voluntary withdrawal from fellowship, especially from political or religious bodies
seclude v
To place, keep, or withdraw from the companionship of others
seclusion n
Solitude
secondary adj
Less important or effective than that which is primary
secondly adv
In the second place in order or succession
second-rate adj
Second in quality, size, rank, importance, etc
secrecy n
Concealment
secretary n
One who attends to correspondence, keeps or does other writing for others records
secretive adj
Having a tendency to conceal
sedate adj
Even-tempered
sedentary adj
Involving or requiring much sitting
sediment n
Matter that settles to the bottom of a liquid
sedition n
Conduct directed against public order and the tranquillity of the state
seditious adj
Promotive of conduct directed against public order and the tranquillity of the state
seduce v
To entice to surrender chastity
sedulous adj
Persevering in effort or endeavor
seer n
A prophet
seethe v
To be violently excited or agitated
seignior n
A title of honor or respectful address, equivalent to sir
seismograph n
An instrument for recording the phenomena of earthquakes
seize v
To catch or take hold of suddenly and forcibly
selective adj
Having the power of choice
self-respect n
Rational self-esteem
semblance n
Outward appearance
semicivilized adj
Half-civilized
semiconscious adj
Partially conscious
semiannual adj
Recurring at intervals of six months
semicircle n
A half-circle
seminar n
Any assemblage of pupils for real research in some specific study under a teacher
seminary n
A special school, as of theology or pedagogics
senile adj
Peculiar to or proceeding from the weakness or infirmity of old age
sensation n
A condition of mind resulting from spiritual or inherent feeling
sense n
The signification conveyed by some word, phrase, or action
sensibility n
Power to perceive or feel
sensitive adj
Easily affected by outside operations or influences
sensorium n
The sensory apparatus
sensual adj
Pertaining to the body or the physical senses
sensuous adj
Having a warm appreciation of the beautiful or of the refinements of luxury
sentence n
A related group of words containing a subject and a predicate and expressing a complete thought
sentience n
Capacity for sensation or sense-perception
sentient adj
Possessing the power of sense or sense-perception
sentinel n
Any guard or watch stationed for protection
separable adj
Capable of being disjoined or divided
separate v
To take apart
separatist n
A seceder
septennial adj
Recurring every seven years
sepulcher n
A burial-place
sequacious adj
Ready to be led
sequel n
That which follows in consequence of what has previously happened
sequence n
The order in which a number or persons, things, or events follow one another in space or time
sequent adj
Following in the order of time
sequester v
To cause to withdraw or retire, as from society or public life
sequestrate v
To confiscate
sergeant n
A non-commissioned military officer ranking next above a corporal
sergeant-at-arms n
An executive officer in legislative bodies who enforces the orders of the presiding officer
sergeant-major n
The highest non-commissioned officer in a regiment
service n
Any work done for the benefit of another
serviceable adj
Durable
servitude n
Slavery
severance n
Separation
severely adv
Extremely
sextet n
A band of six singers or players
sextuple adj
Multiplied by six
sheer adj
Absolute
shiftless adj
Wanting in resource, energy, or executive ability
shrewd adj
Characterized by skill at understanding and profiting by circumstances
shriek n
A sharp, shrill outcry or scream, caused by agony or terror
shrinkage n
A contraction of any material into less bulk or dimension
shrivel v
To draw or be drawn into wrinkles
shuffle n
A mixing or changing the order of things
sibilance n
A hissing sound
sibilant adj
Made with a hissing sound
sibilate v
To give a hissing sound to, as in pronouncing the letter s
sidelong adj
Inclining or tending to one side
sidereal adj
Pertaining to stars or constellations
siege n
A beleaguerment
significance n
Importance
significant adj
Important, especially as pointing something out
signification n
The meaning conveyed by language, actions, or signs
similar adj
Bearing resemblance to one another or to something else
simile n
A comparison which directs the mind to the representative object itself
similitude n
Similarity
simplify v
To make less complex or difficult
simulate v
Imitate
simultaneous adj
Occurring, done, or existing at the same time
sinecure n
Any position having emoluments with few or no duties
singe v
To burn slightly or superficially
sinister adj
Evil
sinuosity n
The quality of curving in and out
sinuous adj
Curving in and out
sinus n
An opening or cavity
siren n
A sea-nymph, described by Homer as dwelling between the island of Circe and Scylla
sirocco n
hot winds from Africa
sisterhood n
A body of sisters united by some bond of sympathy or by a religious vow
skeptic n
One who doubts any statements
skepticism n
The entertainment of doubt concerning something
skiff n
Usually, a small light boat propelled by oars
skirmish n
Desultory fighting between advanced detachments of two armies
sleight n
A trick or feat so deftly done that the manner of performance escapes observation
slight adj
Of a small importance or significance
slothful adj
Lazy
sluggard n
A person habitually lazy or idle
sociable adj
Inclined to seek company
socialism n
A theory of civil polity that aims to secure the reconstruction of society
socialist adj
One who advocates reconstruction of society by collective ownership of land and capital
sociology n
The philosophical study of society
Sol n
The sun
solace n
Comfort in grief, trouble, or calamity
solar adj
Pertaining to the sun
solder n
A fusible alloy used for joining metallic surfaces or margins
soldier n
A person engaged in military service
solecism n
Any violation of established rules or customs
solicitor n
One who represents a client in court of justice; an attorney
solicitude n
Uneasiness of mind occasioned by desire, anxiety, or fear
soliloquy n
A monologue
solstice n
The time of year when the sun is at its greatest declination
soluble adj
Capable of being dissolved, as in a fluid
solvent adj
Having sufficient funds to pay all debts
somber adj
Gloomy
somniferous adj
Tending to produce sleep
somnolence n
Oppressive drowsiness
somnolent adj
Sleepy
sonata n
An instrumental composition
sonnet n
A poem of fourteen decasyllabic or octosyllabiclines expressing two successive phrases
sonorous adj
Resonant
soothsayer n
One who claims to have supernatural insight or foresight
sophism n
A false argument understood to be such by the reasoner himself and intentionally used to deceive
sophistical adj
Fallacious
sophisticate v
To deprive of simplicity of mind or manner
sophistry n
Reasoning sound in appearance only, especially when designedly deceptive
soprano n
A woman’s or boy’s voice of high range
sorcery n
Witchcraft
sordid adj
Of degraded character or nature
souvenir n
A token of remembrance
sparse adj
Thinly diffused
Spartan adj
Exceptionally brave; rigorously severe
spasmodic adj
Convulsive
specialize v
To assume an individual or specific character, or adopt a singular or special course
specialty n
An employment limited to one particular line of work
specie n
A coin or coins of gold, silver, copper, or other metal
species n
A classificatory group of animals or plants subordinate to a genus
specimen n
One of a class of persons or things regarded as representative of the class
specious adj
Plausible
spectator n
One who beholds or looks on
specter n
Apparition
spectrum n
An image formed by rays of light or other radiant energy
speculate v
To pursue inquiries and form conjectures
speculator n
One who makes an investment that involves a risk of loss, but also a chance of profit
sphericity n
The state or condition of being a sphere
spheroid n
A body having nearly the form of a sphere
spherometer n
An instrument for measuring curvature or radii of spherical surfaces
spinous adj
Having spines
spinster n
A woman who has never been married
spontaneous adj
Arising from inherent qualities or tendencies without external efficient cause
sprightly adj
Vivacious
spurious adj
Not genuine
squabble v
To quarrel
squalid adj
Having a dirty, mean, poverty-stricken appearance
squatter n
One who settles on land without permission or right
stagnant adj
Not flowing: said of water, as in a pool
stagnate v
To become dull or inert
stagnation n
The condition of not flowing or not changing
stagy adj
Having a theatrical manner
staid adj
Of a steady and sober character
stallion n
An uncastrated male horse, commonly one kept for breeding
stanchion n
A vertical bar, or a pair of bars, used to confine cattle in a stall
stanza n
A group of rimed lines, usually forming one of a series of similar divisions in a poem
statecraft n
The art of conducting state affairs
static adj
Pertaining to or designating bodies at rest or forces in equilibrium
statics n
The branch of mechanics that treats of the relations that subsist among forces in order
stationary adj
Not moving
statistician n
One who is skilled in collecting and tabulating numerical facts
statuesque adj
Having the grace, pose, or quietude of a statue
statuette n
A figurine
stature n
The natural height of an animal body
statute n
Any authoritatively declared rule, ordinance, decree, or law
stealth n
A concealed manner of acting
stellar adj
Pertaining to the stars
steppe n
One of the extensive plains in Russia and Siberia
sterling adj
Genuine
stifle v
To smother
stigma n
A mark of infamy or token of disgrace attaching to a person as the result of evil-doing
stiletto n
A small dagger
stimulant n
Anything that rouses to activity or to quickened action
stimulate v
To rouse to activity or to quickened action
stimulus n
Incentive
stingy adj
Cheap, unwilling to spend money
stipend n
A definite amount paid at stated periods in compensation for services or as an allowance
Stoicism n
The principles or the practice of the Stoics-being very even tempered in success and failure
stolid adj
Expressing no power of feeling or perceiving
strait n
A narrow passage of water connecting two larger bodies of water
stratagem n
Any clever trick or device for obtaining an advantage
stratum n
A natural or artificial layer, bed, or thickness of any substance or material
streamlet n
Rivulet
stringency n
Strictness
stringent adj
Rigid
stripling n
A mere youth
studious adj
Having or showing devotion to the acquisition of knowledge
stultify v
To give an appearance of foolishness to
stupendous adj
Of prodigious size, bulk, or degree
stupor n
Profound lethargy
suasion n
The act of persuading
suave adj
Smooth and pleasant in manner
subacid adj
Somewhat sharp or biting
subaquatic adj
Being, formed, or operating under water
subconscious adj
Being or occurring in the mind, but without attendant consciousness or conscious perception
subjacent adj
Situated directly underneath
subjection n
The act of bringing into a state of submission
subjugate v
To conquer
subliminal adj
Being beneath the threshold of consciousness
sublingual adj
Situated beneath the tongue
submarine adj
Existing, done, or operating beneath the surface of the sea
submerge v
To place or plunge under water
submergence n
The act of submerging
submersible adj
Capable of being put underwater
submersion n
The act of submerging
submission n
A yielding to the power or authority of another
submittal n
The act of submitting
subordinate adj
Belonging to an inferior order in a classification
subsequent adj
Following in time
subservience n
The quality, character, or condition of being servilely following another’s behests
subservient adj
Servilely following another’s behests
subside v
To relapse into a state of repose and tranquillity
subsist v
To be maintained or sustained
subsistence n
Sustenance
substantive adj
Solid
subtend v
To extend opposite to
subterfuge n
Evasion
subterranean adj
Situated or occurring below the surface of the earth
subtle adj
Discriminating
subtrahend n
That which is to be subtracted
subversion n
An overthrow, as from the foundation
subvert v
To bring to ruin
succeed v
To accomplish what is attempted or intended
success n
A favorable or prosperous course or termination of anything attempted
successful adj
Having reached a high degree of worldly prosperity
successor n
One who or that which takes the place of a predecessor or preceding thing
succinct adj
Concise
