5. vision and pattern recognition

Question 1

what is agnosia

Answer 1

The impairment of object recognition ability

inability to recognise objects

processes such as colour, shape and motor perception are intact

idea: recognising a whole object is more than just recognising its parts

Question 2

what are the two cortical vision pathways

Answer 2

ventral pathway

Dorsal pathway

Question 3

describe the ventral pathway

Answer 3

occipital&raquo_space; temporal

Processes information about object appearance and identity

Important for object perception

Question 4

describe the dorsal pathway

Answer 4

occipital&raquo_space; parietal

processes spatial information abut objects

important for guiding action

Question 5

what is optic ataxia

Answer 5

intact object recognition

inability to use visual information to guide action

association with lesions in the dorsal pathway

typically in the parietal cortex

Question 6

what are gestalt principles

Answer 6

similarity

closure

good continuation

proximity

Question 7

describe template-matching theory

Answer 7

templates stored in mind

illogical as there are too many variations and items to store templates fo j

Question 8

describe feature analysis theory

Answer 8

a visual pattern i perceived as a combination of elements features

e.i. Selfridges pandemonium model

Question 9

describe recognition by component theory

Answer 9

an object is first segmented into a set of basic subjects (geons) and then recognised as a pattern composed of geons

Question 10

order of neural mechanisms of pattern recognition

Answer 10

neurons in higher-order visual areas respond to increasingly complex patterns

Retina&raquo_space; simple

Occipital cortex&raquo_space; patterns

Inferno-temporal cortex&raquo_space; faces and emotions

Question 11

describe top-down and bottom-up

Answer 11

word processing

bottom up
>access to little information that needs to be built up

top-down > image/visual that can alone be used to produce a word

Question 12

how does word superiority effect relate to bottom-up/top-down pattern recognition

Answer 12

superior recognition of letters in a word context than alone indicates a top-down influence on pattern recognition

Question 13

phoneme-restoration effect

What is it

Answer 13

familiar sounds can be slightly altered without effect ones ability to hear the word properly

the sound is restored in the brain