#5.1 u3aos2 - acute respiratory responses to exercise

Question 1

acute response
3 marks

Answer 1

short term
lasts only for the duration of the activity
and duration of the recovery

Question 2

what are the three acute physiological responses to exercise
3 marks

Answer 2

respiratory
cardiovascular
muscular

Question 3

what are the four respiratory responses to exercise
4 marks

Answer 3

increased ventilation
increased respiratory rate
increased tidal volume
increased lung diffusion

Question 4

what must happen during exercise in terms of respiratory responses and how does this happen
4 marks

Answer 4

more oxygen (O2) must be delivered from the lungs to the working muscles
excess carbon dioxide (CO2) must be removed from the working muscles
this happens by:
- increasing ventilation
- increasing tidal volume
- increasing respiratory rate
- increasing lung diffusion

Question 5

ventilation
1 mark

Answer 5

the amount of air breathed in a minute

Question 6

respiratory rate
1 mark

Answer 6

the number of breaths per minute

Question 7

tidal volume
1 mark

Answer 7

the size of each breath

Question 8

ventilation formula
2 marks

Answer 8

respiratory rate X tidal volume

Question 9

why does tidal volume plateu?
2 marks

Answer 9

because it has a finite capacity
which means that there is a certain limit to how much oxygen the lungs can intake.

Question 10

why does ventilation, tidal volume, and respiratory rate increase
4 marks

Answer 10

when an individual begins to exercise the carbon dioxide content in blood increases
this is because carbon dioxide is a waste product of energy production
this triggers the respiratory system to pump around more oxygen
causing us to breath faster.

Question 11

submaximal levels
3 marks

Answer 11

during low to moderate intensity exercise
both tidal volume and respiratory rate increase
roughly proportional to exercise intensity

Question 12

max levels
3 marks

Answer 12

during higher intensities of exercise tidal volume reaches a plateu
therefore the further increase in ventilation solely depends on respiratory rate

Question 13

lung diffusion
3 marks

Answer 13

the movement of molecules (oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide(CO2))
from a higher concentration to low concentration
Oxygen always moves from the alveoli into the bloodstream

Question 14

why does lung diffusion increase?
1 mark

Answer 14

when an individual exercises, greater amounts of oxygen need to be exchanged to the muscle
therefore lung diffusion increases

Question 15

what is the benefit of increased lung diffusion?
3 marks

Answer 15

although ventilation increases the amount of oxygen in the lungs
there is no point if it isn’t transported to the muscles to be converted into energy.
lung diffusion ensures this.