5 PHYSICAL COMPONENT Flashcards
PHYSICAL INVOLVES
Sensory, Perceptual, neuromuscular/ skeletal, motor.
SENSORY AWARENESS
VS
SENSORY PROCESSING/ INTERGRATION
Sensory awareness: receiving and differentiating sensory stimuli.
Sensory processing/ Integration: interpreting sensory stimuli.
SENSORY
Vision, hearing, smell, taste, touch, proprioception, vestibular.
PERCEPTUAL
Organization of sensory input into meaningful patterns.
STEREOGNOSIS
Identifying objects without sight.
KINESTHESIA VS PROPRIOCEPTION
Kinesthesia: the conscious sense of motion.
Proprioception: the unconscious information about the joint movement from receptors in the body.
BODY SCHEME
Acquiring an internal awareness of the body and its relationship to other body parts and the environment.
R-L DISCRIMINATION
Differentiating one side from the other.
Ability to understand the concept of right and left.
FORM CONSTANCY/ DISCRIMINATION
Recognizing forms and objects as the same in various environments, positions and sizes.
POSITION IN SPACE
Determining the spatial relationships of figures and objects to self or other forms and objects.
VISUAL CLOSURE
Identifying forms/ objects from incomplete presentation or partial picture.
FIGURE GROUND
Differentiating between foreground (nearest thing) and background.
DEPTH PERCEPTION
Determining the relative distance between objects, figures, or landmarks and the observer, and changes in planes of surfaces.
SPATIAL RELATIONS
Determine the position of objects or self relative to each other.
PRAXIS
Conceiving and planning new motor act in response to an environmental demand.
TOPOGRAPHICAL ORIENTATION
Determining the location of objects and settings and the route to the location.
REFLEXES
Primitive reflexes: involuntary muscle response to sensory input.
Includes: CNS level and spinal cord.
ATNR (Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex)
Head turned to one side extending out to where the head is turned, the other side flexes to body.
STNR (Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex)
Neck flexion: flexion of arms and extension of legs.
Neck extension: extension of arms and flexion of legs.
TLR (Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex)
Supine position: extension of trunk and extremities.
Prone position: flexion of trunk and extremities.
PSR (Positive Supporting Reflex)
Pressure to ball of foot: extension in leg simulated and toe pointing down.
CONTRACTURE
Shortened muscles and soft tissue leading to decreased ROM.
MUSCLE TONE
The degree of tension or resistance in a muscle at rest and response to stretch.
FLACCIDITY
No movement
HYPOTONICITY VS HYPERTONICITY
Hypotonicity: low tone, feels floppy/ heavy.
Hypertonicity: high muscle tone, feels stiff, spasticity.
RIGIDITY
Resistance through entire range, cogwheel.
POSTURAL CONTROL
Using reflexive reactions to keep balance in sitting, standing and walking.
POSTURAL ALIGNMENT
Maintaining the biomechanical integrity among body parts.
SOFT TISSUE INTEGRITY
Maintaining the condition of interstitial tissues and skin.
GROSS MOTOR COORDINATION
Using large muscle groups for controlled goal directed movements.
CROSSING MIDLINE
Moving limbs and eyes across the midsagittal plane.
LATERAL INTERGRATION
VS
BILATERAL INTERGRATION
Lateral integration: using a preferred unilateral body part for activities requiring a high level of skill.
Bilateral integration: coordinating body sides during an activity.
VISUAL MOTOR INTEGRATION
Coordinating the interaction of information form the eyes with body movements during the activity.
ORAL MOTOR CONTROL
Coordinating oropharyngeal musculature for controlled movements.
FINE MOTOR COORDINATION/ DEXTERITY
Using small muscle groups for controlled movements, and object manipulation.
PREHENSION AND GRASP PATTERN (6)
- Fingertip prehension: holding a bead.
- Palmar prehension: holding a razor blade.
- Lateral prehension: holding a CD.
- Cylindrical grasp: holding a cylinder.
- Spherical grasp: holding a ball.
- Hook grasp: holding a bag strap.
TENDODESIS
Wrist flexed, fingers extended.
Wrist extended, fingers flexed.
