5. Paired Bones of Cranial Vault

Question 1

SBS flexion moves the paired bones into what type of motion?

Answer 1

External rotation

So SBS extension=internal rotation

Question 2

What other bones do the parietal bones make contact with? (5)

Answer 2

Frontal
Sphenoid
Temporal
Occiput
Other parietal

Question 3

What fontanelles do the parietal bones make contact with? (4)

Answer 3

Bregma (ant. fontanelle)
Lambda (post. fontanelle)
Pterion (sphenoid fontanelle)
Asterion (mastoid fontanelle)

Question 4

What axis do the parietal bones move about?

Answer 4

Move in a coronal plane about a sagittal axis

Question 5

How many axis(es) do the parietal bones have?

Answer 5

Two sagittal

Question 6

During flexion, which direction does the sagittal articulation move and which way does the temporal articulations move?

Answer 6

Sagittal articulation moves inferiorly, temporals move laterally

Question 7

During extension, which direction does the sagittal articulation move and which way does the temporal articulations move?

Answer 7

Sagittal articulation moves superior, temporals move medially

Question 8

What clinical signs and symptoms are associated with parietal dysfunction?

Answer 8

Cranial synostosis
Head pain (tension headaches), face, tooth pain
Middle meningeal artery issues

Question 9

What is sagittal synostosis?

Answer 9

Where the sagittal suture fuses, head grows in an elongated “watermelon” shape

Question 10

What is lambdoid synostosis?

Answer 10

Where the lambdoid suture fuses in infancy, and your head becomes tilted on the cranial base

Question 11

What are the parts of the temporal bone? (5)

Answer 11

Squamous portion (suture)
Zygomatic Process
Mastoid
Styloid Process
Petrous Portion

Question 12

What organs and nerves are associated with the petrous portion? (4)

Answer 12

Otovestibular organ
Eustachian tube
Encloses internal corotid
Forms jugular foramen for CN IX and XI

Question 13

What bones does the temporal bone contact? (5)

Answer 13

Zygomatic
Sphenoid
Parietal
Occipital
Mandible (TMJ)

Question 14

Where is the axis for the temporal bone?

Answer 14

Just inferior to the petrous ridge

Question 15

Which way does the squamous portion and the mastoid process of the temporal bones move during SBS flexion

Answer 15

Squamous portions move laterally, zygomatic processes and mastoid move medially

Question 16

Which way does the squamous portion and the mastoid process of the temporal bones move during SBS extension?

Answer 16

Squamous portions move medially, zygomatic processes and mastoid move laterally

Question 17

What clinical symptoms are associated with temporal bone dysfunction?

Answer 17

TMJ
Head Pain
Neck Pain (SCM attaches to mastoid)

Ear: Dizziness, ear infections, tinnitus

Question 18

Why is the frontal bone considered a paired bone?

Answer 18

In babies, the suture is still there and fuses as adults

-some people keep the suture though

Question 19

What bones does the frontal bone contact? (7)

Answer 19

Parietals
Sphenoid
Zygoma
Lacrimals
Ethmoid
Maxillae
Nasals

Question 20

How many axises does the frontal bone have?

Answer 20

2 vertical axises

Question 21

Describe the movement in the lateral portion of the frontal bone and the glabella during SBS flexion?

Answer 21

Lateral portions move anterior, glabella moves posterior

-kind of like if you were folding the frontal bone in half

Question 22

Describe the movement in the lateral portion of the frontal bone and the glabella during SBS extension?

Answer 22

Lateral portions move posterior, glabella moves anterior

Question 23

What are the clinical symptoms of frontal bone issues?

Answer 23

Frontal or global head pain
Frontalis muscle issues
Sinusitis
Visual issues
Anosmia

Question 24

What is a bicoronal synostosis?

Answer 24

Where both of the frontal bones fuse with the parietal bones at coronal suture, leaving space for the head to grow very wide

wide head=brachycephaly
Tall head=turricephaly

Question 25

What is a unicoronal synostosis?

Answer 25

Where one of the frontal bones fuses with the parietal bones at coronal suture, leaving space for the head to grow crooked, creating a facial twist

Affected forehead is flat, while contra forehead is more anterior