3. Cranial Movements and Strain Patterns

Question 1

What is the axis in which midline/unpaired (SBS) bones move?

Answer 1

Usually the transverse axis in an AP direction

Question 2

Which axis do paired bones move about?

Answer 2

AP axis in lateral or rotational movement

Question 3

In SBS flexion, which way do the wings of the sphenoid move?

Answer 3

Anteriorly about a transverse axis

Vice verse for extension

Question 4

In SBS flexion, which way does the base of the occiput move?

Answer 4

Posteriorly and inferiorly about a transverse axis

Vice versa for extension

Question 5

Which unpaired bones move in the same direction?

SV and OE

Answer 5

Spenoid and vomer go in the same direction

Occiput and ethmoid move in the same direction

Question 6

In SBS flexion, which way does the vomer move?

Answer 6

Anteriorly

Same as the sphenoid!

Question 7

In SBS flexion, which way does the ethmoid move?

Answer 7

Posterior and inferior

Just like the occiput

Question 8

In SBS extension, which way does the vomer move?

Answer 8

Posterior and superior

Just like the sphenoid

Question 9

In SBS extension, which way does the ethmoid move?

Answer 9

Anterior

Just like the occiput

Question 10

Describe vault contact in terms of the 6 points of contact?

Answer 10

1. Index finger on sphenoid wings
2. Middle finger are anterior to ear
3. Ring finger on mastoid
4. Pinky stretches as far back on occiput as possible
5. Palms rested on parietals
6. Thumbs contact the frontal bones

Question 11

What type of axis(es) does a lateral strain have?

Answer 11

Two vertical, parallel axises

Question 12

Does motion happen about the same direction of axises in lateral strain?

Answer 12

Yes!

Question 13

If your index fingers tip to the right, and your pinky fingers tip left, which type of strain?

Answer 13

Left lateral strain
-named for base of sphenoid!

“Like a parallelogram”

Question 14

If your index fingers tip left and your pinky fingers tip right, which type of strain?

Answer 14

Right Lateral Strain
-named for base of spenoid

“like a parallelogram”

Question 15

What type of axis(es) does a vertical strain have?

Answer 15

Two parallel axises in a transverse plane

Question 16

Does motion happen about the same direction of axises in vertical strain?

Answer 16

Yes, both will tip backward or forward

Question 17

If your index fingers tip forward away from you, and pinky fingers tip back toward you, what type of strain?

Answer 17

Superior Strain
-named for base of sphenoid

Like pt is looking down

Question 18

If your index fingers tip backward toward you, and pinky fingers tip forward away from you, what type of strain?

Answer 18

Inferior Strain
-named for base of sphenoid

Like pt is looking up

Question 19

What type of axis(es) does a torsion strain have?

Answer 19

One sagittal axis, in an anterior-posterior plane

Question 20

Does motion in the sphenoid and occiput happen in the same direction during torsion strain?

Answer 20

No, different directions

One side will be higher, one side will be lower

Question 21

If your left pinky and index finger are higher than your right pinky and index finger, which torsion is it?

Answer 21

Left torsion

-named for the side that has the higher greater wing of sphenoid

Question 22

If your left pinky and index finger are lower than your right pinky and index finger, which torsion is it?

Answer 22

Right torsion

-named for the side that has the higher greater wing of sphenoid

Question 23

What type of axis(es) does a sidebending rotation strain have?

Answer 23

Three

One sagittal, and two vertical axises (superior-inferior)

Question 24

Does motion happen about the same direction of axises in sidebending rotation strain?

Answer 24

Motion IS in the same direction for sagittal plane
-greater wing and occiput come together or get farther apart

Motion IS NOT in the same direction for the vertical

Question 25

If your pinky and index finger on your right hand are spread farther apart compared to your left, which sidebending rotation torsion do you have?

Answer 25

Right Named for the side that feels fuller

Question 26

Which type of torsion is due to significant trauma, depression, or anxiety, and has a sagittal axis that can mimic other strain patterns?

Answer 26

Compression Strain Think about this when none of the others fit

Question 27

In SBS flexion, what is the direction of the sacrum called?

Answer 27

Counternutition SBS connected to sacrum at posterior S2 -SBS it pulls upward, sacrum moves posterior

Question 28

In SBS extension, what is the direction of the sacrum called?

Answer 28

Nutition==towards the nuts SBS connected to sacrum at posterior S2 -when SBS relaxes, allows sacrum to tip forward towards the nuts

Question 29

What axis does nutition and counternutition move the sacrum about?

Answer 29

Superior Transverse Axis

Question 30

Describe the type of trauma that would create a lateral strain?

Answer 30

Hit from the side, either anterior to or posterior to SBS

Question 31

So if you were hit from the right side anterior to SBS, which lateral strain would you have?

Answer 31

Left Lateral | -would move base of sphenoid to left

Question 32

So if you were hit from the right side posterior to SBS, which lateral strain would you have?

Answer 32

Right lateral | -would move occiput to the left in relation to the sphenoid base=Sphenoid base to the right

Question 33

Describe the type of trauma that would create a vertical strain?

Answer 33

Hit from the top or bottom, either in from of or behind the SBS

Question 34

So if you were hit from the top anterior to SBS, which vertical strain would you have?

Answer 34

Inferior Strain | -vice versa if you were hit posterior to SBS on top=SUP

Question 35

So if you were hit from the bottom anterior to SBS, which vertical strain would you have?

Answer 35

Superior Strain | -vice versa if you were hit posterior to SBS on bottom=INF

Question 36

What type of blow would cause a torsion strain?

Answer 36

A glancing blow, either in front of or posterior to the SBS | -strikes it from the side and at a diagonal angle

Question 37

Where is the blow to the head that would cause a sidebending rotation strain?

Answer 37

Directly at the SBS

Question 38

If you were hit directly on the right SBS, which sidebending rotational strain would you have?

Answer 38

Left Sidebending rotation strain | -Right side will come together, left side will feel "more full"