5 Orofacial Pain Flashcards

1
Q

what are the general types of orofacial pain

A

nociceptive and neuropathic

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2
Q

what is caused by inflammation, irritation, and neural compression

A

neuropathic pain

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3
Q

what is chronic/persistent pain initiated by lesions/dysfunctions of nS

A

neuropathic pain

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4
Q

what occurs when activity in neural pathway is caused by tissue damage or potentially damaging stimuli

A

nociceptive pain

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5
Q

what is a reaction to painful stimuli

A

nociceptive pain (thru nociceptors)

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6
Q

can neuropathic and nociceptive pain overlap to affect both nerves and tissues?

A

YES

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7
Q

what are the types of nociceptive pain

A

odontogenic, mucosal, and musculoskeletal

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8
Q

stimuli for odontogenic pain

A
  1. heat - dull, long lasting
  2. cold - short, sharp
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9
Q

fibers for odontogenic pain

A

a-delta, a-beta, or C

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10
Q

the hydrodynamic theory falls under what type of pain

A

odontogenic pain

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11
Q

what is the dental fluid movement within dental microtubules that act as a transducer, stimulating mechanoreceptors and their nerve fibers surrounding the odontoblast

A

hydrodynamic theory

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12
Q

type of pain and describe:

reversible pulpitis

A

nociceptive orofacial odontogenic pain

pulp remaind viable, short/quick bursts of pain, ceases immediately upon removal

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13
Q

type of pain and describe:

irreversible pulpitis

A

nociceptive orofacial odontogenic pain

pulp damage beyond repair, inflammation causes breakdown of cellular organization

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14
Q

type of fibers for irreversible pulpitis

A
  1. early pain on a-delta and C
  2. as inflammation progresses, C-fibers become dominant and pain becomes diffuse and difficult to localize
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15
Q

where can prolonged pain from irreversible pulpitis radiate to?

A

ear, temporal area, and cheek

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16
Q

type of pain and describe:

necrotic pulp

A

nociceptive orofacial odontogenic pain

nociceptors in pulp can be damaged, may not respond o thermal stimuli. if partially affected, some response my be present

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17
Q

type of pain and describe:

periapical pain

A

nociceptive orofacial odontogenic pain

infection spread thru apical foramen into periodontal region

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18
Q

type of pain and describe:

exposed dentin and cementum

A

nociceptive orofacial odontogenic pain

sharp and short pain

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19
Q

type of pain and describe:

incomplete fractures

A

nociceptive orofacial odontogenic pain

sharp pain upon biting or release from biting

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20
Q

what type of infection is a periodontal abscess

A

acute infection (periodontal pocket) causing pain

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21
Q

type of pain and describe:

periodontal disease

A

nociceptive orofacial odontogenic pain

chronic inflammation but not chronic pain disorder

22
Q

type of pain and describe:

alveolar osteitis “dry socket”

A

nociceptive orofacial odontogenic pain

pain is dull and throbbing, smoking is a major factor and is most common in mandible

23
Q

what type of pain is typiclly associated with mucosal lesions and pain can be localized or diffuse

A

mucosal pain

24
Q

what forms with local pain association with breaks in mucosa

25
___ pain is associated with infection or systemic pathologies
diffuse mucosal
26
acute mucosal pain is typically related to what? does it respond to treatment? does it heal quickly?
related to tissue damage, yes, yes
27
how long does chronic mucosal pain last
months to years without an obvious stimuli
28
___ are a common source of mucosal pain
mucosal lesions
29
___ is a superficial break in mucus membrane
mucosal erosion
30
describe what happens during mucosal erosion
1. loss of superficial epithelium 2. none to minimal damage to lamina propria
31
describe what happens during mucosal ulcer
1. loss of surface tissue 2. degeneration of epithelium and lamina propria 3. usually involves submucossa 4. can involve muscle or periosteum
32
type of pain and describe: odontogenic origin
nociceptive orofacial mucosal pain dental issues primarily affecting gingiva, abscesses in mucosa, gingivitis
33
type of pain and describe: poorly fitting dentures
nociceptive orofacial mucosal pin acute and chronic irritation
34
type of pain and describe: trauma
nociceptive orofacial mucosal pain biting, rubbing and restoratios, thermal and chemical burns appearance is similar to carinomatous lesions
35
type of pain and describe: recurrent aphthous ulcers (canker sores)
nociceptive orofacial mucosal pain common, typically heal within 1 week, can be genetic but most develop randomly
36
type of pain and describe: mucocutaneous lesions
nociceptive orofacial mucosal pain linchen planus and pemphigus vulgaris are autoimmune conditions that are not exclusive to oral cavity
37
what is the most common non-dental cause for orofacial pain
TMD
38
type of pain and describe: TMD
nociceptive orofacial musculoskeletal pain primarily extraoral, localizing around TMJ and MOM
39
type of pain and describe: myalgia
nociceptive orofacial musculoskeletal pain caused by jaw movement or palpation of masseter or temporalis dull aching pain that is typically acute but can be chronic
40
type of pain and describe: myositis
nociceptive orofacial musculoskeletal inflammation of muscles, but in dentistry it is a localized, transient swelling involving facial muscles and tissues
41
type of pain and describe: articular displacement
nociceptive orofacial musculoskeletal pain acute displacement associated with pain, often produces crepitus/clicking associated with osteoarthritis
42
type of pain and describe: pain is felt in area that is remote from location where nociceptors are stimulated
nociceptive referred orofacial pain
43
T/F: dental patients often seek medical attention for referred pain rather than dental pain
TRUE
44
what does neuropathic orofacial pain result from
abnormal signaling due to: 1. injury 2. dysfunction of peripheral nociceptive neurons
45
hallmark symptoms of neuropathic orofacial pain
1. hyperalgesia (nociceptive sensitization) 2. allodynia (central sensitization) 3. paroxysmal shooting pain or constant burning 4. contstant aching 5. pressure pain 6. some may have no pain but altered taste or paresthesia
46
does neuropathic orofacial pain have an inflammatory component? does it respond well to tx?
yes, and needs to be addressed to effectively treat. typically chronic and can escalate over time no, does not respond well to treatment
47
what can result from neuropathic orofacial pain with NEUROVASCULAR ORIGINS
classical migraines and cluster headaches occular migraines may not be present with pain
48
what can result from neuropathic orofacial pain NEURALGIAS
1. trigeminal neuralgia 2. glossopharyngeal neuralgia 3. herpetic neuralgia
49
what can result from neuropathic ATYPICAL orofacial pain
burning mouth syndrome
50
what type of pain is persistent pain that does not fit any of the diagnosit criteria associated with specific disorders and is characterized by aching, burning or nagging pain
atypical orofacial pain
51
neuropathic orofacial pain from CANCER can be symptomatic of what?
local, regional or distant cancer OR the result of cancer treatment (oral mucositis, xerostomia)
52
what type of pain is felt in neuropathic orofacial pain from CANCER
dull, stabbing, shooting and throbbing