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Neuroscience Exam 3 > 5 Orofacial Pain > Flashcards

5 Orofacial Pain Flashcards

1
Q

what are the general types of orofacial pain

A

nociceptive and neuropathic

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2
Q

what is caused by inflammation, irritation, and neural compression

A

neuropathic pain

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3
Q

what is chronic/persistent pain initiated by lesions/dysfunctions of nS

A

neuropathic pain

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4
Q

what occurs when activity in neural pathway is caused by tissue damage or potentially damaging stimuli

A

nociceptive pain

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5
Q

what is a reaction to painful stimuli

A

nociceptive pain (thru nociceptors)

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6
Q

can neuropathic and nociceptive pain overlap to affect both nerves and tissues?

A

YES

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7
Q

what are the types of nociceptive pain

A

odontogenic, mucosal, and musculoskeletal

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8
Q

stimuli for odontogenic pain

A
  1. heat - dull, long lasting
  2. cold - short, sharp
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9
Q

fibers for odontogenic pain

A

a-delta, a-beta, or C

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10
Q

the hydrodynamic theory falls under what type of pain

A

odontogenic pain

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11
Q

what is the dental fluid movement within dental microtubules that act as a transducer, stimulating mechanoreceptors and their nerve fibers surrounding the odontoblast

A

hydrodynamic theory

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12
Q

type of pain and describe:

reversible pulpitis

A

nociceptive orofacial odontogenic pain

pulp remaind viable, short/quick bursts of pain, ceases immediately upon removal

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13
Q

type of pain and describe:

irreversible pulpitis

A

nociceptive orofacial odontogenic pain

pulp damage beyond repair, inflammation causes breakdown of cellular organization

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14
Q

type of fibers for irreversible pulpitis

A
  1. early pain on a-delta and C
  2. as inflammation progresses, C-fibers become dominant and pain becomes diffuse and difficult to localize
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15
Q

where can prolonged pain from irreversible pulpitis radiate to?

A

ear, temporal area, and cheek

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16
Q

type of pain and describe:

necrotic pulp

A

nociceptive orofacial odontogenic pain

nociceptors in pulp can be damaged, may not respond o thermal stimuli. if partially affected, some response my be present

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17
Q

type of pain and describe:

periapical pain

A

nociceptive orofacial odontogenic pain

infection spread thru apical foramen into periodontal region

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18
Q

type of pain and describe:

exposed dentin and cementum

A

nociceptive orofacial odontogenic pain

sharp and short pain

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19
Q

type of pain and describe:

incomplete fractures

A

nociceptive orofacial odontogenic pain

sharp pain upon biting or release from biting

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20
Q

what type of infection is a periodontal abscess

A

acute infection (periodontal pocket) causing pain

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21
Q

type of pain and describe:

periodontal disease

A

nociceptive orofacial odontogenic pain

chronic inflammation but not chronic pain disorder

22
Q

type of pain and describe:

alveolar osteitis “dry socket”

A

nociceptive orofacial odontogenic pain

pain is dull and throbbing, smoking is a major factor and is most common in mandible

23
Q

what type of pain is typiclly associated with mucosal lesions and pain can be localized or diffuse

A

mucosal pain

24
Q

what forms with local pain association with breaks in mucosa

A

ulcer

25
Q

___ pain is associated with infection or systemic pathologies

A

diffuse mucosal

26
Q

acute mucosal pain is typically related to what? does it respond to treatment? does it heal quickly?

A

related to tissue damage, yes, yes

27
Q

how long does chronic mucosal pain last

A

months to years without an obvious stimuli

28
Q

___ are a common source of mucosal pain

A

mucosal lesions

29
Q

___ is a superficial break in mucus membrane

A

mucosal erosion

30
Q

describe what happens during mucosal erosion

A
  1. loss of superficial epithelium
  2. none to minimal damage to lamina propria
31
Q

describe what happens during mucosal ulcer

A
  1. loss of surface tissue
  2. degeneration of epithelium and lamina propria
  3. usually involves submucossa
  4. can involve muscle or periosteum
32
Q

type of pain and describe:

odontogenic origin

A

nociceptive orofacial mucosal pain

dental issues primarily affecting gingiva, abscesses in mucosa, gingivitis

33
Q

type of pain and describe:

poorly fitting dentures

A

nociceptive orofacial mucosal pin

acute and chronic irritation

34
Q

type of pain and describe:

trauma

A

nociceptive orofacial mucosal pain

biting, rubbing and restoratios, thermal and chemical burns
appearance is similar to carinomatous lesions

35
Q

type of pain and describe:

recurrent aphthous ulcers (canker sores)

A

nociceptive orofacial mucosal pain

common, typically heal within 1 week, can be genetic but most develop randomly

36
Q

type of pain and describe:

mucocutaneous lesions

A

nociceptive orofacial mucosal pain

linchen planus and pemphigus vulgaris are autoimmune conditions that are not exclusive to oral cavity

37
Q

what is the most common non-dental cause for orofacial pain

A

TMD

38
Q

type of pain and describe:

TMD

A

nociceptive orofacial musculoskeletal pain

primarily extraoral, localizing around TMJ and MOM

39
Q

type of pain and describe:

myalgia

A

nociceptive orofacial musculoskeletal pain

caused by jaw movement or palpation of masseter or temporalis
dull aching pain that is typically acute but can be chronic

40
Q

type of pain and describe:

myositis

A

nociceptive orofacial musculoskeletal

inflammation of muscles, but in dentistry it is a localized, transient swelling involving facial muscles and tissues

41
Q

type of pain and describe:

articular displacement

A

nociceptive orofacial musculoskeletal pain

acute displacement associated with pain, often produces crepitus/clicking
associated with osteoarthritis

42
Q

type of pain and describe:

pain is felt in area that is remote from location where nociceptors are stimulated

A

nociceptive referred orofacial pain

43
Q

T/F: dental patients often seek medical attention for referred pain rather than dental pain

A

TRUE

44
Q

what does neuropathic orofacial pain result from

A

abnormal signaling due to:
1. injury
2. dysfunction of peripheral nociceptive neurons

45
Q

hallmark symptoms of neuropathic orofacial pain

A
  1. hyperalgesia (nociceptive sensitization)
  2. allodynia (central sensitization)
  3. paroxysmal shooting pain or constant burning
  4. contstant aching
  5. pressure pain
  6. some may have no pain but altered taste or paresthesia
46
Q

does neuropathic orofacial pain have an inflammatory component? does it respond well to tx?

A

yes, and needs to be addressed to effectively treat. typically chronic and can escalate over time

no, does not respond well to treatment

47
Q

what can result from neuropathic orofacial pain with NEUROVASCULAR ORIGINS

A

classical migraines and cluster headaches

occular migraines may not be present with pain

48
Q

what can result from neuropathic orofacial pain NEURALGIAS

A
  1. trigeminal neuralgia
  2. glossopharyngeal neuralgia
  3. herpetic neuralgia
49
Q

what can result from neuropathic ATYPICAL orofacial pain

A

burning mouth syndrome

50
Q

what type of pain is persistent pain that does not fit any of the diagnosit criteria associated with specific disorders and is characterized by aching, burning or nagging pain

A

atypical orofacial pain

51
Q

neuropathic orofacial pain from CANCER can be symptomatic of what?

A

local, regional or distant cancer

OR the result of cancer treatment (oral mucositis, xerostomia)

52
Q

what type of pain is felt in neuropathic orofacial pain from CANCER

A

dull, stabbing, shooting and throbbing

Neuroscience Exam 3 (7 decks)

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