5. Nephron (Urine)

Question 1

What affects glomerular filtration (up or down)?

Answer 1

• Increasing blood flow via afferent arteriole → increases glom. filt.
• Decreasing blood leaving glomeruli → inc. glom. filt.
• Increase pressure against walls of afferent arteriole (vasoconstriction) →dec. glom. filt.

Question 2

How do concentration gradients affect urine production?

Answer 2

• Anti-diuretic hormone dec. urine production by conserving water (inserting aquaporins in apical membrane →cells more permeable to water)
• No ADH inc. urine production (collecting duct is not permeable to water → large vol of dilute urine)

Question 3

What 3 physiological issues could affect glomerular filtration rate?

Answer 3

• Clot formation
• Hypertension
• Atherosclerotic Coronary Artery Disease