5. Gas Transport and Erythrocyte Physiology Flashcards
How does hematocrit differ between men, women, newborns, and 2 mo old?
45% for men
40% for women
55% for newborn
35% for 2 mo old
What is the main regulator of erythrocyte maturation?
Erythropoietin (EPO)
What happens at the end of an erythrocyte’s life cycle?
It ruptures in the red pulp of the spleen. Released hemoglobin is ingested by monocyte-macrophage cells immediately.
How many O2 molecules can bind to 1 hemoglobin?
4 O2 molecules
What is a normal blood hemoglobin?
15 g/dL
What is the average amount of O2 dissolved in blood?
.3 ml per 100 ml of blood
What is the maximum amount of O2 that can be bound to Hb? What’s the actual?
- 1 ml O2/dl blood
19. 5 ml O2/dl blood
What does a left shift on the oxygen dissociation curve represent? What is it associated with?
Increased affinity of Hb for O2
Polycythemia and methemoglobinemia
What does a right shift on the oxygen dissociation curve represent? What is it associated with?
Decreased affinity of Hb for O2 (exercise response)
Anemia
What can cause megaloblastic macrocytic anemia?
Folate or B12 deficiency
What can cause pernicious anemia?
Poor B12 absorption
What can cause microcytic anemia?
Iron deficiency
What can cause hypochromic anemia?
Deficient transport of transferrin to developing erthyroblasts
What is hemochromatosis?
Iron overload, can be genetic or secondary.
Can lead to liver cirrhosis, skin pigmentation, and DM.
How does the blood change in primary polycythemia?
Extra RBCs, higher blood viscosity
Left shift
