5 Factors Theory

Question 1

Costa & McCrae (1970-1980) Five Factor Model (FFM)

Answer 1

• focused on stability and structure of personality

- found 5 stable personality traits that formed the basis of personality

Question 2

Factor 1: Extraversion (social impact)

Answer 2

sociability
-reflected through behavioural and affective channels
Common adjectives: gregarious, outspoken, energetic

Question 3

Factor 2: Agreeableness (maintain relationships)

Answer 3

-Behavioural, affective, and cognitive channels
-Sense of nurturance and emotional supportiveness
-concern with maintaining relationships
Common adjectives: friendly, kind

Question 4

Factor 3: Conscientiousness

Answer 4

state of being thorough, care, vigilant
-will to achieve
common adjectives: cautious, serious

Question 5

Factor 4: Neuroticism (emotionality)

Answer 5

-reflected through affective channels
-tendency to be anxious (upset/distressed)
common adjectives: nervous, excitable

Question 6

Factor 5: Openness (Intellect)

Answer 6

-reflected mostly through cognitive channels with some affect on behaviour input
-need variety vs comfort in familiarity
-active imagination, likes variety, intellectual curiousty
Common adjectivesL imaginative, polished

Question 7

Trobst, Herbst, Masters & Costa (2002)

Personality differences?

Answer 7

• individuals who are less conscientious put themselves into very risky practices & diseases
  ex: high on neuroticism could mean making decisions based on emotions & that could explain risky behaviours