5 Casualties

Question 1

Types of heat injuries

Answer 1

Sunburn
Prickly heat rash
Fungus infection
Heat cramps
Heat exhaustion
Heat stroke

Question 2

Symptoms for heat cramps

Answer 2

• Muscle cramps, particularly in the legs and abdomen.

- Profuse sweating and faintness.

Question 3

Treatment for heat cramps

Answer 3

• Give the victim small sips of cool water.
• Remove the victim to a cool or shaded area.
• Massage cramped muscles.
• If indications of a more serious condition are present, transport the victim to medical attention.

Question 4

Symptoms for heat exhaustion

Answer 4

• Rapid, shallow breathing.
• Dizziness.
• Blurred vision.
• Pale, clammy skin.
• Profuse sweating, normally accompanies this condition.

Question 5

Treatment for heat exhaustion

Answer 5

• Remove excessive clothing.
• Place the victim in a cool, shaded area.
• Fan or sprinkle victim with water to keep cool.
• If conscious, give victim small sips of water.
• Treat victim also for shock.
• Seek medical attention should indications of a more serious problem exist.

Question 6

Define heat stroke

Answer 6

The most serious of the heat-related problems, heat stroke is the total collapse of the body’s heat regulatory mechanism. It is the most serious of the “heat casualties” and is a life threatening injury.

Question 7

Symptoms for heat stroke

Answer 7

• Shortness of breath.
• Weakness.
• Headache.
• Dizziness.
• Loss of appetite.
• Nausea.

Question 8

Treatment for heat stroke

Answer 8

• Send for medical assistance.
• Move the victim to a cool, shaded area.
• Loosen victim’s clothing and equipment.
• Apply water or ice to the victim’s entire body, fanning the victim as much as possible.
• Do not attempt to force the victim to drink.
• Ensure that the airway remains open and that the victim continues to breathe.

Question 9

Types of cold injuries

Answer 9

• Frostbite
• Trench foot or immersion foot
• Hypothermia

Question 10

Types of Hypothermia

Answer 10

• Mild (93.2° F to 95° F).
• Moderate (86° F to 93.2° F).
• Severe (less than 86° F).

Question 11

Cold weather injury prevention

Answer 11

Acronym COLD

• C: Keep it clean
• O: Avoid Overheating
• L: Wear clothing Loosely and in Layers
• D: Keep it Dry

Question 12

9 Line

Answer 12

Line 1: Location of Pickup Site
Line 2: Frequency and call-sign at pickup site
Line 3: Number of patients by precedence
Line 4: Special Equipment required
Line 5: Number of Patients by type
Line 6: Security of Pickup area
Line 7: Method of Marking at pickup site
Line 8: Patient Nationality and Status
Line 9: NBC Contamination