5. Cartilage Flashcards
What are the characteristics of the fibrous layer of the perichondrium?
Produces Type 1 collagen and elastin
Acts as a transitional zone
What distinguishes one type of cartilage from another?
The Extracellular Matrix differs between types
Where do chondrocytes come from?
Chondroblasts
What are type B Synoviocytes?
What do they produce?
Fibroblast like synovial cells
Produce Hyaluronate and Synovial Fluid
What is the most common form of cartilage throughout the body?
What type of collagen does it use?
Hyaline
Type 2 collagen
What two types of cartilages lack a perichondrium?
Hyaline Articular Cartilage
Fibrocartilage
What kind of collagen do you find in Fibrocartilage?
Type 1 and 2
(predominantly Type 1)
What kind of connective tissue is the perichondrium?
Dense irregular connective tissue
What type of collagen is more common in cartilage?
Type 2
What are the four zones of articular cartilage from superficial to deep?
Superficial -> Intermediate -> Deep -> Calcified
What disease is associated with the reduction of articular cartilage?
Osteoarthritis
What is the layer of connective tissue that holds the cartilage in place, and supports the cartilage from breaking?
Perichondrium
In which zone of articular cartilage do you see round cells and collagen running perpendicular to the articulating surface?
Deep layer
What is the purpose of Fibrocartilage?
Withstands compression and shearing forces
Which zone of the articular cartilage has small, flattened cells?
The superficial layer
Cartilage lacks supply from what three structures?
Nerves
Blood Vessels
Lymphatics
What are type A Synoviocytes?
Phagocytic, macrophage like synovial cells
Where might you find Elastic cartilage?
External Ear
Epiglottis
Auditory tube
In which zone of the articular cartilage do collagen fibers take an oblique course?
Intermediate zone
Where do we see type 1 collagen in cartilage?
Fibrocartilage
Outer perichondrium
How are the collagen fibers oriented in articular cartilage?
Perpendicular to the tissue surface, and in an arc
What secretes the cartilage matrix?
Chondroblasts
What do you call a group of several chondrocytes in close proximity to each other?
An Isogenous Group
What type of cartilage growth happens in the perichondrium?
Appositional Growth
What are the characteristics of the chondrogenic layer of the perichondrium?
Inner layer
Differentiates into chondroblasts
Secretes type 2 collagen
What is Fibrocartilage made of in the most basic sense?
Hyaline cartilage and Dense Regular connective tissue
Where might you find Fibrocartilage?
Intervertebral Discs
Pubic Symphysis
Temporomandibular Joint
What is a lacuna of cartilage?
A hollow space in the extracellular matrix of cartilage that is where the chondrocyte sits
How is repair cartilage different than other types?
What kinds of collagen does it contain?
What other tissue does it stimulate?
It is an intermediate between Hyaline and Fibrous Cartilage
Types 1 and 2
Facilitates bone healing - but can cause bone spurs
What is the epiphyseal plate made of?
Hyaline Cartilage
Where might you find Hyaline cartilage?
Articular Cartilage of joints
Larynx
Trachea
Ribs
Embryos
What makes Fibrocartilage different?
It contains Type 1 collagen, and a lot of it.
During periods of cartilage growth, where do new cartilage cells come from?
The perichondrium
What kind of cartilage growth happens inside existing cartilage?
Interstitial growth
What lines the ends of bones where they meet inside of an articular capsule?
Articular Cartilage
(Hyaline Cartilage with no perichondrium)
What is the Territorial Matrix?
What molecule is it rich in?
What molecule does it have less of?
The more intensely stained portion of cartilage around any given isogenous group.
Rich in Glucosaminoglycans
Less collagen
What has a vascular supply, which then allows the cartilage nearby to gain some nutrients?
The perichondrium
What is elastic cartilage made of?
The same stuff as Hyaline Cartilage, plus Elastin.
Which zone of articular cartilage stains darker than the others?
Calcified Zone
What is the Interterritorial Matrix rich in?
What does it have fewer of?
Type 2 Collagen
Proteoglycans
