1. Fibrous Connective Tissue Flashcards
What is the potency of Embryonic Connective Tissue?
Multipotent
What organelles might a plasma cell have a disporportionate volume of?
Golgi Apparatus / Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
(It produces and exports antibodies)
What is the name of umbillical embryonic connective tissue?
Warton’s Jelly
What are the 4 functions of white fat?
Energy storage, insulation, cushioning, hormone secretion
What is the lamina propria?
Loose connective tissue beneath membranous epithelia.
Where might elastic connective tissue be found?
In the walls of large arteries
Walls of bronchiole tubes
Special ligaments (eg Ligamentum Nuchae)
What makes the Extracellular Matrix in bone different from that in other tissues?
It is mineralized
What is Elastin assembled from?
Tropoelastin
Fibulin-1
Fibrillins 1 and 2
What are the three types of loose connective tissue?
Areolar
Adipose
Reticular
What can cause shallow breathing in COPD relating to connective tissue?
Elastin breakdown prevents the lungs from retracting fully to prepare for the next inhalation.
What are the fixed cells of areolar connective tissue?
Fibroblasts
Adipocytes
Mesenchymal Cells
What is the most common type of collagen?
Type 1
Besides the structural, what is the function of Extracellular Matrix?
Carries O2, CO2, Nutrients, and Wastes
What are the characteristics of brown fat?
Thermogenic
Abundant in newborns
Greatly reduced in adults
Contains abundant mitochondria
What is the function of Dystroglycans?
Linking the actin within the cell to the laminin outside the cell.
What is Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome?
A mutation in collagen synthesis and structure, leading to weak collagen fibers.
Why might dense regular connective tissue heal slowly compared to other tissues?
It is poorly vascularized
What does a deficiency of Vitamin C cause in connective tissue?
What is the basic mechanism?
Weakens CT
Vitamin C is necessary for cross linking of collagen fibers. Its deficiency leads to less cross linked collagen.
What are Syndecans?
Strong coreceptors for growth factors on the cell membrane
What connective tissue fiber is affected in Marfans?
Elastin
What 5 things can Fibroblasts produce?
Collagen
Elastin
Proteoglycans
Glycoprotiens
Reticular Fibers
What are the wandering cells of loose areolar connective tissue?
Macrophages
Mast Cells
Leukocytes / Lymphocytes
Plasma Cells
What always separates connective tissue from the outside environment, in both the integument and the GI systems?
Epithelium
What are the three types of dense connective tissue?
Dense regular
Dense irregular
Elastic
How can you identify a Mast Cell over a Basophil?
Basophils have multilobar nuclei
Chondroitin Sulfate, Heparan Sulfate, and Keratan Sulfates are all examples of what component of ground substance?
Proteoglycans
What are the three functional types of Glycoprotiens in the ground substance?
Cytokines
Growth Factors
Structural Protiens
What are the principal target systems for Marfans?
Ocular
Skeletal
Cardiovascular
What gene is affected in Marfans?
Fibrillin 1 Gene (component of elastin)
Where is dense irregular connective tissue found?
Dermis of the skin
Capsules of internal organs (eg kidney)
Perichondrium and pariosteum
Fascia
What does reticular connective tissue do?
Forms a “chicken wire” cage to support and hold cells in place against gravity
What is the principal cell type of dense connective tissue?
Fibroblasts
What subunits are involved in collagen synthesis?
2x alpha type 1
1x alpha type 2
What long molecule holds proteoglycans as branches?
Hyaluronan
What do integrin receptors do as a basic function?
Allow cell to extracellular matrix interaction
