5/8 Healthcare-Associated Infections (Ch 28)

Question 1

HAI: affects how many patients per day?

Answer 1

1 in 25 daily

Question 2

Types of HAIs? What are the 2 most common?

Answer 2

MOST COMMON •Clostridium difficile infection (CDI)

SECOND MOST COMMON: •Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

• Central line associated blood stream infections (CLABSI)
• Catheter associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI)
• Surgical site infections (SSI)
• Ventilator associated events (VAE)

Question 3

Most common HAI?

Answer 3

CLABSI

due to cutaneous flora of insertion

Question 4

SSI: incubation period?

If rapidly progressive, what are the likely pathogens?

Answer 4

Incubation is 5-7d

if seen with 24-48 h post-op, likely to be GroupA strep or Clostridia.

Question 5

MRSA, CDiff: how are they transmitted?

Answer 5

contaminated hands of health care workers

Question 6

C Diff: why so hard to get rid of it?

How to disinfect?

Answer 6

SPORES can exist for months on surfaces.

Use something containing cholrine (bleach)

Question 7

5 moments of hand hygeine?

Answer 7

• before touching patient
• before cleaning/asceptic procedure
• after body fluid exposure risk
• after touching a patient
• after touching patient surroundings

Question 8

What diseases require droplet precautions?

Answer 8

Chicken Pox

Measles

Pulmonary TB

(much smaller particles, suspended in the air)

Question 9

What are the droplet precautions?

Answer 9

For very small particles, suspended in air

Neg pressure room

N95 mask