5-5 HEAT STRESS Flashcards
Who will be required to perform heat stress
monitoring and provide recommendations to the chain of command
The Independent Duty Corpsman
What is Heat Stress
combination of air temperature, thermal radiation, humidity, airflow, and
workload which stresses the body as it attempts to regulate temperature
Environmental Factors Causing Heat Stress
Thermal Radiation
Ventilation
Humidity-moisture in the air
Air/Sea Water Temps
Examples Thermal Radiation
(a) Sun
(b) Heat Source (Incinerator, Engines, generators, Laundry Dryers, etc.)
Examples of Ventilation
(a) Forced Air Systems – Intake of Outside Air into Workspace
1) Spot-Cooling
(b) Forced Exhaust Systems – Removes stagnant or increased concentrations of
hazardous fumes or contaminants
1) Red Devil Blowers
Examples of Humidity
(a) Steam Leaks
(b) Bilge Water
(c) Condensation
Examples of Air/Sea Temperature
Intake Valves that allow Sea water/Outside Air to
be utilized for cooling for shipboard equipment systems.
(a) Refrigeration units
(b) Engines
(c) Generators
(d) Evaporators for Fresh Water Consumption
What is Acclimatization
The act of becoming accustomed to temperature or new environment
Time frame for acclimatzation?
generally, 3 weeks or more
Personal Factors with Heat Stress
(1) Past exposure to heat injuries will affect an individual’s ability to adapt to new
situations.
(2) Current health status and use of medications may alter physiological body
changes
(3) Exercise and fluid intake (dehydration)
(4) Medication
(5) Alcohol Intake
(6) Lack of sleep
(7) Drugs
2 blood disorders that can impact ability to handle heat stress
1 G6PD
2 Sickle Cell Trait
Common locations of heat stress conditions
Heat Stress can occur in any space of the ship.
(a) Machinery Spaces
(b) Laundries
(c) Sculleries (PHEL V)/Galleys
(d) Incinerator Room
(e) Flight decks
Causes and contributors to heat stress conditions
(1) Steam and Water Leaks
(2) Boiler Air Casing Leaks
(3) Missing/Deteriorated Thermal Insulation
(4) Ventilation Deficiencies
(5) Weather Conditions
(6) Arduous Operation
what does PHEL stand for?
Physiological Heat Exposure Limits
What is a Physiological Heat Exposure Limit (PHEL) Chart
set of 6 curves that compare the WBGT index and the degree of effort or work rate
Who and when establishes PHEL curves?
Industrial Hygienist and NAVSEA & when class of ship is placed into service
Who determines individual heat stress condition locations?
Industrial Hygienist
4 types of PHEL curve assignments
(a) Routine operations
(b) Non-routine operations (ventilation being secured)
(c) ECC Exercises
(d) Heavy work load (Assign stay time using PHEL VI)
What is Stay Time?
Maximum allowable time personnel may work in heat stress conditions
What is Recovery Time?
a minimum of twice the stay time as determined by the PHEL chart or
4 hours whichever is shorter.
What is Fuel Combustion Gases (stack gases)
gases which may accumulate in a space due to inadequate
ventilation.
Physiological Effects of stack gases
increased by heat stress conditions.
S/S include:
1) Watery eyes
2) Dyspnea
3) Tingling or numbness of the tip of the tongue, tip of the nose, finger tips or toes.
4) Mild sensation of alcohol intoxication
Action required when exposed to stack gases?
1) Reduce exposure limits if two or more of the exposure symptoms are detected.
2) divide current PHEL stay-time by 3
who conducts Heat stress training and when?
MDR.
Upon check in and annually.
Minimum Heat stress training must include?
(a) Hazards
(b) Symptoms of Exposure
(c) Heat Stress First Aid
(d) Heat Stress monitoring
(e) Causes of Heat Stress
Heat Stress monitors must receive training within?
12 weeks upon assignment and must complete Watch station 318 in PQS.
How to report an accident or injury report?
Report to Navy Safety Center by using Web Enabled Safety System (WESS)
All Navy heat stress injuries are reported through?
Naval Disease Reporting System (NDRS)
What do you do if command does not have access to NDRS?
Use Medical Event Report
Who reviews Heat stress monitoring report for inaccuracies and QA?
SMDR
Who notates existing problems and implements corrective action?
Supervisor or Engineering Officer of the Watch (EOOW)
Heat Stress surveyor must check to ensure that
WB < DB; GT ≥ DB; and WB < WBGT < GT
Who is informed of STAY TIMES during Engineering Casualty or Damage Control Training Team drills?
Drill supervisor
Who does the Heat stress survey get routed too?
XO/CO
Submitting routine reports w/ no admin controls?
8’oclock reports
Heat Stress surveys with REDUCED stay times must routed through?
Chain of Command to CO
Who maintains reports and for how long?
SMDR / 1 year
Who do you generate digital reports and from what system?
ISIC or higher authority. SAMS
Dry bulb thermometer
Measures the ambient air temperature at work sites
Correct placement of Hanging dry bulb
permanently mounted at watch and work stations where heat stress may
exist and properly shielded from radiant heat levels
Dry bulb must be within how many degrees of WBGT
5 degrees F
If dry bulb is not within 5 degrees of WBGT?
DB must be re positioned
Time frames to read DB Temps?
Every 4 hours for manned spaces that don’t exceed 85 degrees.
DB must recorded hourly when?
If there is a heat casualty, and if DB exceeds 85 degrees F.
Recording Routine DB Temps
a) Recorded on appropriate log sheet.
b) Reviewed by supervisor once each watch or shift
Recording High DB Temps
a) Circle in red 100° F or higher DB temperatures.
b) Notify Supervisor Immediately.
c) Heat Stress Monitor shall monitor all workstations with WBGT Meter. (conduct heat stress survey)
Heat stress monitor sheet
Dry Bulb Temperatures shall be recorded on the Heat Stress Monitoring
Sheet during WBGT monitoring
Dry bulb Temperature sensor
Measures ambient (alcohol-in-glass thermometer whose
bulb is kept dry and shielded from radiation.)
Wet bulb temperature sensor
Humidity (has a wet wick is fitted closely over the bulb or sensor).
Globe Temperature sensor
Radiant (integration of radiant and convective heat transfer.
what makes up WBGT Index?
Dry Bulb
Wet Bulb
Globe Temp
Equation for WBGT Index
(0.1 x DB)+(0.7 x WB)+(0.2 x GT)
Purpose of WBGT Index?
determine the Physiological Heat Exposure Limit (PHEL) and Environmental heat stress conditions
2 types of WBGT
a) RSS-220 - WBGT Meter
b) QUESTemp 48N Heat Stress Monitor
PHEL I through III
When watch station length is 4 hours or LESS and DB is equal to or greater than 100 degrees.
OR
Greater than 4 hours and DB is equal to or greater than 90 degrees.
Phel IV through VI
When DB is equal or greater than 85 degrees.
Report monitoring conditions for drills that exceed how long?
3 hours
RSS 220 WBGT Wait time and time between readings?
5 minutes and 3 minutes
Hold how far away from body with RSS 220 WBGT?
1 foot (12 in) at chest level
QUESTemp 48N battery voltage?
6.4 or less replace battery
QUESTemp 48N calibration time in space?
10 minutes and 5 minutes if moved to another site
how far away do you hold the QUESTemp 48N?
18” away from the body at chest level.
AHSS
Automated Heat Stress System (need 2 WBGT if ship has AHSS)
All WBGT readings should have the following documented.
1) Specific locations monitored
2) Hanging DB temperature
3) WBGT Readings to include DB, WB, GT, and WBGT Index
4) Determined Exposure Limits
5) Next WBGT monitoring time
6) Availability of Potable Water
7) Manual Calculation of the WBGT Index
8) Any noted discrepancies such as missing lagging.
9) Circle in red all exposure limits less than the watch period.
Proper routing of survey
(a) Immediately notify the supervisor.
(b) Supervisors (DH) shall notify CO with:
1) Condition
2) Personal Protective Measures
3) Action to reduce heat
