5-2 & 5-3 Test Flashcards
boycott
to refuse to buy or use certain products
Declaration of Independence
-One of the best known documents ever written. Thomas Jefferson wrote the majority of it.
2 parts:
Natural Rights! Based on John Locke’s beliefs that human beings form governments to protect their “natural rights” and those were life, liberty and property (pursuit of happiness)
Grievances! The greatest break up letter in history lists 27 reasons why colonists must separate from the British Empire
duties
import taxes
Loyalists (or Tories)
Colonists who favored the British and opposed American independence
Patriots believed Loyalists/Tories were creatures “whose head is in England and whose body is in America”
blockade
the use of naval ships to cut off trade and supplies
minutemen
a militia made up of colonial farmers and townspeople who could be ready to fight in a minute
Patriots
colonists who favored independence
loyalists called them rebels
repeal
officially withdraw or take away
General George Washington
Commander of Continental Army
Thomas Paine
author of “Common Sense”
-‘let us come to a final separation’
William Dawes
a colonist who warned other colonists that the British were coming
‘Shot heard round the world’
Lexington, April 19, 1775
- General Gage sent British troops to Concord to destroy militia’s weapon supply
- General Gage wanted men to stop in Lexington and capture rebels: Sam Adams + John Hancock - learned plan
- Paul Revere + William Dawes rode through night “The Regulars are coming!”
- British General John Pitcairn arrived in Lexington at dawn + met minutemen
- Ordered minutemen to disperse
- Someone fired a shot – 8 mm died and 10 mm + 1 bs were wounded
Second Continental Congress
May 1775
Met in Philadelphia -MA radicals: Sam + John Adams, John Hancock -PA: Ben Franklin -VA: George Washington + Patrick Henry Not originally seeking independence Create Continental Army -GW appointed commander
Battle of Bunker Hill
June 16, 1775
-actually fought on breeds hill
-General Howe ordered British soldiers to remove colonists from Hills of Charlestown
-American commander said “Don’t fire until you see the whites of their eyes!”
-Brits took hill after 3rd try
-Colonists ran out of ammo - nails + glass
400 US; 1,000 B casualties
Olive Branch Petition
July 1775
- Sent to King George III
- asked for protection from Parliament until compromise was formed
- King George III was FURIOUS and ordered a blockade
