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8 MAPEH > 4th week > Flashcards

4th week Flashcards

1
Q

are substances that lead to the use of more lethal and illegal addictive substances.

A

Gateway Drugs

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2
Q

Why do you think cigarettes and alcohol are considered gateway drugs?

A

Cigarettes and alcohol are considered gateway drugs because using them can make people more likely to try stronger, illegal drugs later on.

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3
Q

Drinking alcoholic beverages and smoking cigarettes are ______ during social gatherings, especially in cities. Some adults like to talk things over bottles of beer. Some young adults smoke when they hang-out.

A

Drinking alcoholic beverages and smoking cigarettes are common during social gatherings, especially in cities. Some adults like to talk things over bottles of beer. Some young adults smoke when they hang-out.

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4
Q

Reasons for Smoking Cigarettes

A
  1. To lessen stress
  2. Social Pressure
  3. Peer Pressure
  4. Accessibility, availability, and affordability of cigarettes
  5. Social media and physical environment
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5
Q

The main ingredient of cigarettes is?

A

tobacco

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6
Q

In studies conducted, one of the chemicals in a cigarettes are known _________.
_______ are substances which cause cancer

A

carcinogens

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7
Q

Cigarettes contain a stimulating substance called ________.

A

nicotine

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8
Q

_____ is an oily material that sticks and blackens the lungs when a smoker inhales.

A

Tar

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9
Q

_________ is an odorless and poisonous gas that reduces the ability of the blood to carry oxygen

A

Carbon monoxide

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10
Q

Short-Term Effects of Smoking?

A

> Nose and head: rhinitis, sinusitis, reduced sense of smell, light-headedness
Mouth: yellow stain on teeth, bad breath (halitosis, reduced sense of taste
Skin: dryer and older skin, yellow stains on fingers

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11
Q

Short-Term Effects of Smoking?

A

> Lungs: bronchospasm, constant coughing, increased mucus and phlegm, increased breathing rate
• Heart: increased heart rate and blood pressure
Other effects: reduced appetite, increase in stress level, nicotine craving

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12
Q

Long-Term Effects of Smoking

A

Brain - Stroke
Mouth and pharynx - Cancer
Lungs - Cancer,
emphysema, bronchitis
Heart - Coronary artery disease
Oesophagus and
stomach - Cancer, peptic ulcer
Pancreas - Cancer
Bladder - Cancer
Uterus and Ovaries - Infertility, spontaneous abortion, retarded fetal growth, early menopause, cervical cancer
Testes - Reduced fertility
Peripheral arteries - Peripheral vascular disease
Bone - Osteoporosis

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13
Q

T or F:

Effects of smoking depends on (a) age of smoker, (b) immune system, (c) number of cigarettes smoked, and (d) length of time the person smokes.

A

T

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14
Q

Smoke Produced of Cigarette Smoking:

A

Mainstream Smoke
Sidestream Smoke
Secondhand Smoke
Third hand Smoke

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15
Q

smoke that is produced and inhaled directly by the smoker

A

Mainstream Smoke

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16
Q

smoke that comes out of the lighted end of a cigarette or pipe that is more dangerous than mainstream smoke.

A

Sidestream Smoke

17
Q

• Passive smoking or involuntary smoking
• can come from exhaled smoke from a smoker or from a sidestream smoke.

A

Secondhand Smoke

18
Q

• There are several reasons people should be careful about the danger of _______. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) of the U.S., secondhand smoke is classified as a group A carcinogen or a substance that causes cancer in humans

A

secondhand smoke

19
Q

> _______ is the most dangerous indoor air pollution that can cause lung cancer

A

Secondhand smoke

20
Q

is a major health risk among children who have parents who smoke

A

Secondhand smoke

21
Q

______irritates the eyes, nose, throat, and airways

A

Secondhand Smoke

22
Q

• Residual tobacco smoke
> Smoke left for a longtime on other objects. This smoke still contains harmful chemicals.

A

Third hand Smoke

23
Q

_____is a colorless, bitter-tasting substances that humans have been consuming since the ancient time. It comes from the plants that underwent fermentation, the process of extracting alcohol from plant or fruit.

A

Alcohol

24
Q

Reasons for Drinking Alcohol

A
  1. Influence from family, friends, and mass media
  2. Parents’ approval of their drinking
  3. Always going to parties or bars and attending social events
  4. Not living with parents (e.g., college student living in a dorm)
  5. As an escape or to cope with stress or sadness
  6. As a sign of rebellion
  7. Lack of self-confidence or self-esteem
  8. Boredom
  9. As a way to celebrate
25
Q

Three Types of
Alcohol?

A

Isopropyl
Methanol
Ethanol

26
Q

Are used in laboratories, poisonous and fatal if taken

A

Isopropyl and Methanol

27
Q

> Beverage alcohol
• If consume in unregulated amount, it may result to intoxication and alteration of the Nervous System.

A

Ethanol

28
Q

____ drinks per day for an adult male and ____ drink for an adult female

A

2, 1

29
Q

_____ drink for an adult person over the age of 65

A

1

30
Q

______ for people below 18 years old

A

None

31
Q

______ for people who have no self-control over alcoholic beverage intake

A

None

32
Q

SHORT-TERM EFFECTS alcohol

A

Slurred speech and slow reaction time

Lack of motor skills and impaired judgement

Reduced functions of the senses of smell and taste

Blurred vision and hearing

Flushing and sweating

Nausea

Stomach irritation and inflammation

33
Q

LONG-TERM EFFECTS alcohol

A

Destroyed brain cells that lead to dementia or memory loss

Weakened immune system and heart muscles

Greater risk of liver cancer and cirrhosis, a liver disease that can cause liver failure or death

Chronic inflammation of stomach and pancreas

Greater chance of osteoporosis, weakening of bones and kidney failure

Both sexes: greater risk of breast cancer

34
Q

Other Effects of Drinking Alcohol?

A

• Drinking alcohol can lead a person to make wrong decisions.
• Drinking alcohol intensifies one’s emotions and sexual feelings.
• Drinking alcohol can cause a person to become aggressive or violent.
• Drinking alcohol gives a feeling of invincibility.

35
Q

Resisting the Pressure to Use Gateway Drugs:

A

• Be confident when saying “no” to cigarette smoking and alcoholic drinking.
> Explain the reasons that you don’t like to use or even try gateway drugs.
• Be consistent with your words and gestures.
> Avoid putting yourself in a situation that will pressure you to use these gateway drugs

36
Q

Resisting the Pressure to Use Gateway Drugs

A

• Do not deal with people or avoid people who are using gateway drugs.
• Resist the pressure to engage in illegal acts.
• Encourage others to obey laws and choose to be responsible.
> Don’t believe in cigarette and alcohol advertisements

37
Q

Alternative to Gateway Drugs

A

• Replace alcoholic beverages with non-alcoholic beverages such as coffee.
• Engage in physical activities such as sports.
> Watch movies or attend sober parties supported by recovery support groups where alcohol is not present.

38
Q

Alternative to Gateway Drugs

A

• hew healthy snacks such as carrots, celery, radish, bell peppers, and other fresh vegetables to help fight nicotine cravings.
• Be with people who will help in this endeavor and who will support and take your mind off nicotine craving.
• Listen to relaxing music.

39
Q

Government and Nongovernmental Agencies for
Assisting Alcohol Dependents

A

• Alcoholics Anonymous Philippines (AAPhilippines)
> Bridges of Hope Drug and Alcoholic Rehabilitation
Foundation (NGO)
> Nanay Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation Center
(NGO)

8 MAPEH (4 decks)

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