4th week

Question 1

are substances that lead to the use of more lethal and illegal addictive substances.

Answer 1

Gateway Drugs

Question 2

Why do you think cigarettes and alcohol are considered gateway drugs?

Answer 2

Cigarettes and alcohol are considered gateway drugs because using them can make people more likely to try stronger, illegal drugs later on.

Question 3

Drinking alcoholic beverages and smoking cigarettes are ______ during social gatherings, especially in cities. Some adults like to talk things over bottles of beer. Some young adults smoke when they hang-out.

Answer 3

Drinking alcoholic beverages and smoking cigarettes are common during social gatherings, especially in cities. Some adults like to talk things over bottles of beer. Some young adults smoke when they hang-out.

Question 4

Reasons for Smoking Cigarettes

Answer 4

1. To lessen stress
2. Social Pressure
3. Peer Pressure
4. Accessibility, availability, and affordability of cigarettes
5. Social media and physical environment

Question 5

The main ingredient of cigarettes is?

Answer 5

tobacco

Question 6

In studies conducted, one of the chemicals in a cigarettes are known _________.
_______ are substances which cause cancer

Answer 6

carcinogens

Question 7

Cigarettes contain a stimulating substance called ________.

Answer 7

nicotine

Question 8

_____ is an oily material that sticks and blackens the lungs when a smoker inhales.

Answer 8

Tar

Question 9

_________ is an odorless and poisonous gas that reduces the ability of the blood to carry oxygen

Answer 9

Carbon monoxide

Question 10

Short-Term Effects of Smoking?

Answer 10

> Nose and head: rhinitis, sinusitis, reduced sense of smell, light-headedness
Mouth: yellow stain on teeth, bad breath (halitosis, reduced sense of taste
Skin: dryer and older skin, yellow stains on fingers

Question 11

Short-Term Effects of Smoking?

Answer 11

> Lungs: bronchospasm, constant coughing, increased mucus and phlegm, increased breathing rate
• Heart: increased heart rate and blood pressure
Other effects: reduced appetite, increase in stress level, nicotine craving

Question 12

Long-Term Effects of Smoking

Answer 12

Brain - Stroke
Mouth and pharynx - Cancer
Lungs - Cancer,
emphysema, bronchitis
Heart - Coronary artery disease
Oesophagus and
stomach - Cancer, peptic ulcer
Pancreas - Cancer
Bladder - Cancer
Uterus and Ovaries - Infertility, spontaneous abortion, retarded fetal growth, early menopause, cervical cancer
Testes - Reduced fertility
Peripheral arteries - Peripheral vascular disease
Bone - Osteoporosis

Question 13

T or F:

Effects of smoking depends on (a) age of smoker, (b) immune system, (c) number of cigarettes smoked, and (d) length of time the person smokes.

Answer 13

T

Question 14

Smoke Produced of Cigarette Smoking:

Answer 14

Mainstream Smoke
Sidestream Smoke
Secondhand Smoke
Third hand Smoke

Question 15

smoke that is produced and inhaled directly by the smoker

Answer 15

Mainstream Smoke

Question 16

smoke that comes out of the lighted end of a cigarette or pipe that is more dangerous than mainstream smoke.

Answer 16

Sidestream Smoke

Question 17

• Passive smoking or involuntary smoking
• can come from exhaled smoke from a smoker or from a sidestream smoke.

Answer 17

Secondhand Smoke

Question 18

• There are several reasons people should be careful about the danger of _______. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) of the U.S., secondhand smoke is classified as a group A carcinogen or a substance that causes cancer in humans

Answer 18

secondhand smoke

Question 19

> _______ is the most dangerous indoor air pollution that can cause lung cancer

Answer 19

Secondhand smoke

Question 20

is a major health risk among children who have parents who smoke

Answer 20

Secondhand smoke

Question 21

______irritates the eyes, nose, throat, and airways

Answer 21

Secondhand Smoke

Question 22

• Residual tobacco smoke
> Smoke left for a longtime on other objects. This smoke still contains harmful chemicals.

Answer 22

Third hand Smoke

Question 23

_____is a colorless, bitter-tasting substances that humans have been consuming since the ancient time. It comes from the plants that underwent fermentation, the process of extracting alcohol from plant or fruit.

Answer 23

Alcohol

Question 24

Reasons for Drinking Alcohol

Answer 24

1. Influence from family, friends, and mass media
2. Parents’ approval of their drinking
3. Always going to parties or bars and attending social events
4. Not living with parents (e.g., college student living in a dorm)
5. As an escape or to cope with stress or sadness
6. As a sign of rebellion
7. Lack of self-confidence or self-esteem
8. Boredom
9. As a way to celebrate

Question 25

Three Types of Alcohol?

Answer 25

Isopropyl Methanol Ethanol

Question 26

Are used in laboratories, poisonous and fatal if taken

Answer 26

Isopropyl and Methanol

Question 27

> Beverage alcohol • If consume in unregulated amount, it may result to intoxication and alteration of the Nervous System.

Answer 27

Ethanol

Question 28

____ drinks per day for an adult male and ____ drink for an adult female

Answer 28

2, 1

Question 29

_____ drink for an adult person over the age of 65

Answer 29

1

Question 30

______ for people below 18 years old

Answer 30

None

Question 31

______ for people who have no self-control over alcoholic beverage intake

Answer 31

None

Question 32

SHORT-TERM EFFECTS alcohol

Answer 32

Slurred speech and slow reaction time Lack of motor skills and impaired judgement Reduced functions of the senses of smell and taste Blurred vision and hearing Flushing and sweating Nausea Stomach irritation and inflammation

Question 33

LONG-TERM EFFECTS alcohol

Answer 33

Destroyed brain cells that lead to dementia or memory loss Weakened immune system and heart muscles Greater risk of liver cancer and cirrhosis, a liver disease that can cause liver failure or death Chronic inflammation of stomach and pancreas Greater chance of osteoporosis, weakening of bones and kidney failure Both sexes: greater risk of breast cancer

Question 34

Other Effects of Drinking Alcohol?

Answer 34

• Drinking alcohol can lead a person to make wrong decisions. • Drinking alcohol intensifies one's emotions and sexual feelings. • Drinking alcohol can cause a person to become aggressive or violent. • Drinking alcohol gives a feeling of invincibility.

Question 35

Resisting the Pressure to Use Gateway Drugs:

Answer 35

• Be confident when saying "no" to cigarette smoking and alcoholic drinking. > Explain the reasons that you don't like to use or even try gateway drugs. • Be consistent with your words and gestures. > Avoid putting yourself in a situation that will pressure you to use these gateway drugs

Question 36

Resisting the Pressure to Use Gateway Drugs

Answer 36

• Do not deal with people or avoid people who are using gateway drugs. • Resist the pressure to engage in illegal acts. • Encourage others to obey laws and choose to be responsible. > Don't believe in cigarette and alcohol advertisements

Question 37

Alternative to Gateway Drugs

Answer 37

• Replace alcoholic beverages with non-alcoholic beverages such as coffee. • Engage in physical activities such as sports. > Watch movies or attend sober parties supported by recovery support groups where alcohol is not present.

Question 38

Alternative to Gateway Drugs

Answer 38

• hew healthy snacks such as carrots, celery, radish, bell peppers, and other fresh vegetables to help fight nicotine cravings. • Be with people who will help in this endeavor and who will support and take your mind off nicotine craving. • Listen to relaxing music.

Question 39

Government and Nongovernmental Agencies for Assisting Alcohol Dependents

Answer 39

• Alcoholics Anonymous Philippines (AAPhilippines) > Bridges of Hope Drug and Alcoholic Rehabilitation Foundation (NGO) > Nanay Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation Center (NGO)