Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MAPEH 1st Q > 3rd week > Flashcards

3rd week Flashcards

1
Q

one that can transmitted from one person to another and is caused by an infectious agent that is transmitted from a source or reservoir to a susceptible host.

A

Communicable disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

is one in which the causative organism or pathogen is carried from one person to another either directly or indirectly.
also called as Infectious
Disease.

A

COMMUNICABLE DISEASE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

TYPES OF
COMMUNICABLE
DISEASES?

A

• Respiratory Infections
• Arthropod Borne Infections
• Surface Infections
• Sexually Transmitted Disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

by germs - viruses, bacteria or other pathogenic microbes.
Germs that can infect the respiratory system - lungs, throat, airways - can often be spread through mucus and saliva (also known as “respiratory secretions”) expelled when a person coughs, sneezes, talks or laughs. Some of these germs are spread through droplets small enough to remain suspended in the air and travel over long distances.

A

RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

types of RESPIRATORY
DISEASES

A

• Tuberculosis
• Chicken pox
• Measles
• Influenza
• Diphtheria
• Whooping cough

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

disease primarily affecting the lungs (Pulmonary tuberculosis-most common)
• it also affect all other vital organs

A

TUBERCULOSIS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Incubation Period of TUBERCULOSIS

A

• From weeks, months to years depending upon dose of infection & immunity of patient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Mode of Transmission: TUBERCULOSIS

A

• Droplet infection
• Coughing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

TUBERCULOSIS
Signs and Symptoms

A

• Tiredness
• Loss of appetite
• Loss of weight
• Anemia
• Evening rise in temperature
• Cough for long time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

TUBERCULOSIS
Prevention

A

I. Raising the resistance of the population to the disease by:
i. Good social conditions:
- Satisfactory housing & adequate diet. ii. BCG (Bacille Calmette Guerin) Vaccination:
- After birth
2. Elimination of tuberculosis infection in milk:
- By pasteurization of milk.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

• by Varicella-zoster virus
• Occur mainly in Children under
IO years of age.
• Uncommon in adults.

A

CHICKEN POX

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

CHICKEN POX
Incubation Period:

A

• About I4 - I6 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Mode of Transmission: CHICKEN POX

A

• Droplet infection
• Freshly contaminated fomites used by patients can transmit disease.
• Virus can cross placental barrier & may affect fetus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

CHICKEN POX
Signs and Symptoms

A

• Fever
• Appearance of rash in the form of crop on trunk, face and limbs.
• Macules (small flat colored spot on skin) appear first and with in 24 hrs. lesions are appear.
• The lesions becomes dry to form scabs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

CHICKEN POX
Prevention

A

• Use of local antiseptics like chlorhexidine.
• If bacterial infection progress give antibiotics
• Transmission prevented by isolation of patient for 5-7 days.
• Sterilization of all articles used by patient after cure •

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

• Also called Rubeola
• Occur in children of 3-5 yrs of ages.

17
Q

MEASLES
Incubation Period:

A

About 8 to I4 days

18
Q

MEASLES
Mode of Transmission:

A

• Droplet infection
• Direct contact

19
Q

MEASLES
Signs and Symptoms

A

Stage I (Catarrhal stage)
- Fever Running nose Cough
Appearance of red spot in mouth Watering of eyes

Stage 2(Stage of eruption)
- Red rash seen at back of ears & foreheads along hairline Rash spread all over body.

20
Q

MEASLES
Prevention

A

I. Active immunization:
- By live attenuated measles virus over one year age.
2. Passive immunization:
- By Human normal immunoglobulin.

21
Q

• Infectious diseases are human illnesses caused by parasites, viruses and bacteria that are transmitted by mosquitoes, sandflies, bugs, blackflies, snails and lice.

A

ARTHROPOD BORNE INFECTIONS

22
Q

ARTHROPOD BORNE INFECTIONS Incubation Period:

A

About 9 to 30 days

23
Q

ARTHROPOD BORNE INFECTIONS
Mode of Transmission:

A
  1. Vector transmission: By bite of female anopheles mosquito
  2. Direct transmission: By injections of infected blood or plasma
  3. Congenital: Infected mother to newborn
24
Q

ARTHROPOD BORNE INFECTIONS
Signs and Symptoms

A

I. Cold Stage
- Onset of Fever with chills and sensation of extreme cold.
2. Hot Stage
- Temperature rise up to I06
- Intense headache.
3. Sweating stage:
- Fever decreases with sweating•

25
ARTHROPOD BORNE INFECTIONS Prevention
I. General measures - Prophylaxis for prevention bites of fleas - by controlling rats. - Early diagnosis, notification, isolation & disinfection of excretions like sputum. - Attendant must wear protective measures like gloves
26
• An infection of the skin that can be caused by bacteria, fungus, viruses or parasites.
SURFACE INFECTIONS
27
• Also called - Hydrophobia • Caused by virus Infect CNS and salivary glands.
RABIES:
28
RABIES: Incubation Period:
• varies with patient-to-patient • Shorter in children • Also depends upon site of infection • Face : 30 days - Hands: 40 days - Legs: 60 days Whole minimum time is 9 days - 4 to 8 weeks.
29
RABIES: Mode of Transmission:
• Mainly spread by, I. Zoonosis 2. Spreads by wide range of animals 3. Mostly by bites or lick on broken skin
30
Animals; Rabies symptoms
may appear sick, crazed, or vicious ("mad dog") nocturnal animals alert during the day may also appear overly friendly, docile, or confused
31
Human; Rabies symptoms
Pain, tingling, and/or itching at bite site. nonspecific - fever, chills, fatigue, muscle aches later - high fever, agitation, confusion extreme hydrophobia and aerophobia death during later stages
32
SURFACE INFECTIONS Prevention
I. Pre-exposure prophylaxis - Risky persons like zoo-keepers should be immunized. - Compulsory vaccination of pets & stray dogs.
33
SURFACE INFECTIONS Prevention
2. Post-exposure prophylaxis - Prompt & proper treatment - Also take following measures - Wash area of bite using plenty of soap & water for about 5 min - Apply antiseptics like tincture of iodine - Vaccination: I ml vaccine at 0,3,7,I4,30 & 90 days
34
An infection transmitted through sexual contact, caused by bacteria, viruses or parasites
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE (STD)
35
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE (STD) Incubation Period:
• About IOdays - IO weeks. average periods is 3 weeks
36
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE (STD) Mode of Transmission:
• By sexual contact with infected partner • Less common -Through blood transmission -Mother to child
37
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE (STD) Prevention
• Use of contraceptive device (condoms) • Avoid unsafe sexual contact. • Create awareness about STD's.
38
Chain of Infection:
Germs (Agent) Bacteria ,Viruses ,Parasites Where Germs Live (Reservoir) People, Animals/Pets (dogs, cats, reptiles) Wild animals, Food, Soil, Water How Germs Get Out (Portal of Exit) During diapering and toileting stool) Germs Get Around (Mode of Transmission) • Contact (hands, toys, sand) • Droplets (when you speak, sneeze or cough) How Germs Get In (Portal of Entry) Mouth, eyes ,cuts in skin Next Sick Person (Susceptible Host) • Babies • Children • Elderly • People with a weakened immune system : Anyonunized

MAPEH 1st Q (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions