4TH BIMONTHLY RECALLS Flashcards
particularly which of the following amphetamine-like substances can dangerously exacerbate hypertension, precipitate a toxic psychosis, cause intestinal infarction, or result in death
ephedrine
pseudoephedrine
phenylpropanolamine (PPA)
none of the above
phenylpropanolamine (PPA)
increased risk of conversion disorder in dizygotic twin pairs has been reported
True
False
False
-MONOZYGOTIC DAPAT
The first biomarker identified in autism spectrum disorder was elevated ________ in whole blood, almost exclusively in the platelets
serotonin
dopamine
norepinephrine
none of the above
serotonin
a variant of somatic symptom disorder (hypochondriasis)
conversion disorder
illness anxiety disorder
panic disorder
functional neurological symptom disorder
illness anxiety disorder
characterized by 6 or more months of a general and non-delusional preoccupation with fears of having, or the idea that one has, a serious disease based on the person’s misinterpretation of bodily symptoms
panic disorder
somatic symptom disorder
body dysmorphic disorder
conversion disorder
somatic symptom disorder
motor symptoms in conversion disorder
psychogenic
vomiting
opisthotonus
midline anesthesia
deafness
opisthotonus
Several studies have reported data consistent with the hypothesis that specific degeneration of cholinergic neurons is present in this area in persons with Alzheimer’s disease
locus ceruleus
nucleus basalis of Meynert
hippocampus
substancia nigra
nucleus basalis of Meynert
illness anxiety disorder is diagnosed more frequently in older rather than younger persons
True
False
True
the following symptoms are associated with poor prognosis in conversion disorder
blindness
aphonia
seizures
all of the above
seizures
principal component of cannabis is
Δ9-THC
11-hydroxy-Δ9-THC
Dronabinol
none of the above
Δ9-THC
more strongly indicate Alzheimer’s disease, although they are also seen in Down syndrome and, to some extent, in normal aging
amyloid plaques
neurofibrillary tangles
neuronal loss (particularly in the cortex and the hippocampus)
synaptic loss (perhaps as much as 50 percent in the cortex)
amyloid plaques
in conversion disorder, onset is generally from late childhood to early adulthood; rare before 10 years of age or after 35 years of age; onset as late as the ninth decade of life has been reported
True
False
True
sensory symptoms in conversion disorder
aphonia
anesthesia
paralysis
weakness
anesthesia
sensory deficits in conversion disorder
involuntary movements
midline anesthesia
blepharospasm
tics
midline anesthesia
in illness anxiety disorder, somatic symptoms are not present or, if present, are only mild in intensity
True
False
True
What is a drink?
20 g of ethanol
15 g of ethanol
12 g of ethanol
40 g of ethanol
12 g of ethanol
associated behavioral symptoms that may occur in autism spectrum disorder
disturbances in language development and usage
intellectual disability
irritability
all of the above
disturbances in language development and usage
psychiatric illness worsens cardiac morbidity and mortality in patients with a history of myocardial infarction, diminishes glycemic control in patients with diabetes, and decreases return to functioning in patients experiencing a stroke
True
Fals
True
good prognosis in somatic symptom disorder include
high socioeconomic status
treatment-responsive anxiety or depression
sudden onset of symptoms
all of the above
all of the above
Dementia refers to low
intellectual functional
mental retardation
cognitive decline from a previous level of functioning
all of the above
cognitive decline from a previous level of functioning
irritability in autism spectrum disorder includes
aggression
self-injurious behaviors
severe temper tantrums
all of the above
all of the above
most common method of using cocaine is
inhaling the finely chopped powder into the nose (“snorting” or “tooting”)
subcutaneous or intravenous injection
smoking (freebasing)
none of the above
inhaling the finely chopped powder into the nose (“snorting” or “tooting”)
in conversion disorder blindness
patients walk around without collisions or self-injury
their pupils react to light
cortical-evoked potentials are normal
all of the above
all of the above
in the general hospital, delirium occurs in 18 percent of patients
True
False
True
when symptoms suggest a conversion disorder onset in middle or old age, the probability of an occult neurological or other medical condition is high
True
False
True
psychodynamic explanation of illness anxiety disorder
A. aggressive and hostile wishes toward others are transferred into minor physical complaints or the
B. fear of physical illness
fear of illness is viewed as a request to play the sick role made by someone
C. facing seemingly insurmountable and insolvable problems
D. sick role offers an escape that allows a patient to be excused from usual duties and obligations
E. all of the above
A. aggressive and hostile wishes toward others are transferred into minor physical complaints or the
It is not uncommon for a child with autism spectrum disorder to appear deaf, at times showing little response to a normal speaking voice; on the other hand, the same child may show intent interest in the sound of a wristwatch
True
False
True
the second most common type of dementia
alzheimer’s type (alzheimer’s disease)
vascular
alcohol-related
movement disorder-related
vascular
psychiatric disorders are linked to nonadherence with antiretroviral therapy
True
False
True
a new diagnosis in the fifth edition of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)
illness anxiety disorder
somatic symptom disorder
conversion disorder
panic disorder
illness anxiety disorder
in conversion disorder, the gain is primarily social, monetary, or legal
True
False
False
PRIMARILY PSCHOLOGICAL AND NOT SOCIAL, MONETARY, LEGAL
being excused from obligations and difficult life situations, receiving support and assistance; controlling other persons’ behavior
la belle indifference
identification
secondary gain
primary gain
secondary gain
the following symptoms are associated with good prognosis in conversion disorder
tremors
seizures
paralysis
all of the above
paralysis
family members affected by or influencing the behavior of the substance abuser
Codependence
Dependence
Enabler
Addiction
Codependence
Tremulousness (commonly called the ―shakes‖ or the ―jitters‖) develops how many hours after the cessation of drinking?
6 to 8 hours
8 to 12 hours
12 to 24 hours
none of the above
6 to 8 hours
psychiatric disorders worsen the prognosis and quality of life of cancer patients
True
False
True
one of the major problems in diagnosing conversion disorder is the difficulty of definitively ruling out a medical disorder
True
False
True
repeated and increased use of a substance, the deprivation of which gives rise to symptoms of distress and an irresistible urge to use the agent again
Dependence
Addiction
Misuse
Abuse
Addiction
applies to persons who are preoccupied with being sick or with developing a disease of some kind
conversion disorder
somatic symptom disorder
generalized anxiety disorder
illness anxiety disorder
illness anxiety disorder
depressive disorders in the general hospital are more than twice as common, and substance abuse is two to three times as common
True
False
True
patients with somatic symptom disorder usually resist psychiatric treatment, some accept this treatment if it takes place in a medical setting and focuses on stress reduction and education in coping with chronic illness
True
False
True
the most common type of dementia
alcohol-related
movement disorder-related
vascular
alzheimer’s type (alzheimer’s disease)
alzheimer’s type (alzheimer’s disease)
keeping internal conflicts outside their awareness; symptoms have symbolic value; they represent an
unconscious psychological conflict
la belle indifference
primary gain
identification
secondary gain
primary gain
psychotherapy also plays an important role in psychosomatic medicine and may vary in its structure and outcomes as compared with therapy that occurs in a mental health practice
True
False
True
Autism spectrum disorders have been increasingly diagnosed over the last two decades, with the current prevalence estimated at approximately
1 percent
0.1 percent
15 percent
10 percent
1 percent