4f Flashcards

1
Q

Genetically modified organisms (GMO)

A

Organisms with artificially altered genetic material, but not necessarily containing DNA from another organisms

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2
Q

genetically modifcation includes

A

Gene editing using CRISPR Cas9

Removal of genes

Altered genes by replacing single nucleotides

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3
Q

Transgenic organisms

A

Organisms that are genetically modified and contain artificially induced DNA from another species.

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4
Q

difference between transgenic and GMO, genetically modified organism

A

a transgenic organism that genetic material from another species was “inserted” into a particular organism, whilst a GMO Organisms with artificially altered genetic material, but not necessarily containing DNA from another organisms

all transgenic organisms are genetically modified organisms(GMOS) but GMOS are not transgenic organisms.

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5
Q

cisgenic organism

A

organism that have DNA from the same species are known as cisgenic organisms

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6
Q

examples of GMOS

A

Bt corn is a GMO because it is modified with daffoldi

soy beans

sugar beets

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7
Q

dont need to knwo steps of gmo, just know transmic, gmos and which is which from a text–from your sac you should be able to idneityf what is gmo or transic

A
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8
Q

GMO bio ethics explain and stae\te

A
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9
Q

relationship between GMOS and transgenic organisms

A

all transgenic organisms are genetically modified organisms(GMOS) but GMOS are not transgenic organisms.

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10
Q

what is a transgenic organism

A

that genetic material from another species was “inserted” into a particular organism

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11
Q

how are GMOS produced in agriculture

A
  1. gene identifcation-gene of interest is identified
  2. gene delivery- the gene is then inserted into host organism and then selection and regeneration of transgenic cells occurs
  3. gene expression- genes are expressed to genetically modified crops.
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12
Q

Biological implications of using GMOS

A

Cross pollination between GM plants and non-GM plants

Pest species have evolved and developed resistance

Loss of biodiversity

Cost to farmers
Safety of consuming GMOs: long term exposure associated with health issues
Health of GMOs carrying foreign gene
Requires less pesticide use, better for the environment
Less damage to ecosystems
Higher crop yield

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13
Q

social implications of using GMOS

A

cost to farmers-socioceconomic

higher crop yeild-provides more food secuirty thereofre social

less damage to the ecosystem-thereofre ecosystme services are notless damaged for people to live

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14
Q

Ethical implications of using GMOs

A

Intervention in evolution

Some believe GM foods are unsafe to eat

Unnatural

Inhumane to genetically modify animals for human benefit

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15
Q

what integrity

A

the honesty of ones actions

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16
Q

what is justice

A

fair, equitable, and appropriate treatment of persons

17
Q

what is beneficence

A

refers to the moral obligation to act in ways that promote the well-being and interests of other

18
Q

what is non maleficence

A

an obligation not to inflict harm on others.

19
Q

what is respect

A

treating people with dignity and equally despite who they are and what they have to offer.

20
Q

bio ethics principles

A

integrity, justice, beneficence, non maleficence and respect.

21
Q

How do genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and transgenic crops contribute to increased crop productivity compared to traditional agricultural methods?

A
22
Q

What are the mechanisms by which genetically modified and transgenic organisms provide resistance to diseases in crops, and what are the potential long-term implications for agricultural sustainability and ecosystem health?

A
23
Q

deoxyribose

A

talk about bacbojne usgar

the diagram should look like H
[
COOH—C—NH2
[
R