4C - Lung Volumes and Capacities Flashcards
4c2 and 3. What are the two types of spirometry?
Diagnostic spirometry
Incentive spirometry
4c2. What is diagnostic spirometry?
A tool used for the measurement of the breathing capacity of the lungs
4c2. What can diagnostic spirometry help with?
- What does it distinguish?
- What does it determine?
- What does it monitor?
Distinguishes between different types of lung diseases
Determines the severity of functional impairment
Monitors the treatment of a lung disorder
4c3. What is incentive spirometry?
A method of encouraging voluntary deep breathing by providing visual feedback about inspiratory volume
4c3. What does incentive spirometry reduce the risk of?
Reduces risk of atelectasis (collapse of lungs) and pulmonary consolidation (engorgement with fluid).
4c3. What is the normal treatment with incentive spirometry?
Using a specially designed spirometer, the patient inhales until a preset volume is reached, then sustains the inspiratory volume by holding his or her breath for 3 to 5 seconds.
4c5. What is tidal volume (tv)?
The amount of air that moves into and out of the airways with each inspiration and expiration during normal quiet breathing (usually around 500 ml)
- Can change based on weight of person
4c5. What is minute ventilation (MVe)?
Objective: Calculate minute and alveolar ventilation
Total volume of air taken in by the body during 1 minute (typically 12 to 15 breaths/min)
MVe = TV x RR
4c6. What is anatomical dead space (ADS)?
The portion of the tidal volume that remains in the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and terminal bronchioles (the conducting airways) - the air that doesn’t participate in gas exchange
4c6. What is alveolar ventilation (AVe)?
Objective: Calculate minute and alveolar ventilation
Total volume of air that reaches the sites of gas exchange during one minute
AVe = (TV - ADS) x RR
4c7. What is inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)?
The amount of air that you can inspire above your normal tidal volume - maximum inhalation
4c7. What is expiratory reserve volume (ERV)?
The amount of air that you can expire above your normal tidal volume - maximum exhalation
4c8. What is residual volume (RV)?
The amount of air that remains in the respiratory system after a forced expiration
4c8. What is functional residual capacity (FRC)?
The sum of the residual volume and expiratory reserve volume
FRC = RV + ERV
4c9. What is inspiratory capacity (IC)?
The sum of the tidal volume and IRV
IC = TV + IRV
