4.b Management of the water cycle

Question 1

forestry

Answer 1

UN and world bank fund programmes to protect tropical forests
- e.g REDD and FCFP

Question 2

ARPA

Answer 2

-work in the Amazon
- 10% of area is protected
- stabilise regional water cycle
- offset millions of tonnes of carbon a year
- promote ecotourism
- protect genetic bank

Question 3

water allocation

Answer 3

• governments decide what sector gets what percentage of the water allowance

Question 4

main consumer of water

Answer 4

agriculture (70% of global withdrawals)

Question 5

improvements mean ..

Answer 5

• reduces wastage from drip irrigation
• minimise water loss
• losses for run off are managed by contour ploughing

Question 6

water agreements

Answer 6

• divide up the resource between downstream area
• agriculture, industry, domestic
• e.g Colorado Basin = California, Arizona,Nevada and Utah

Question 7

drainage basin planning

Answer 7

• process by which decisions are made over the competing uses and different demands for water resources and associated systems within a basin.

Question 8

specific targets (BDP)

Answer 8

• control run off
  -improve surface water storage (will aid wetlands)
• limiting abstraction and artificial recharge

Question 9

DBP in England and Wales

Answer 9

• divided in to major catchment = River Severn , Thames
• each basin has its own management plan with DEFRA and EA
• aim to improve water quality, reduce abstraction rates , maintain groundwater levels and flood control