3.b Short and Long term changes

Question 1

diurnal

Answer 1

day changes
- day and night
- 24 hour period

Question 2

diurnal (water)

Answer 2

• lower temps at night
  -reduced evapotranspiration rates

Question 3

diurnal (carbon)

Answer 3

• co2 levels flow between atmosphere and vegetation
• lower rates of photosynthesis at night due to lower light intensity compared to day time
• same occurs for phytoplankton

Question 4

seasonally

Answer 4

monthly changes (up to 6 months)

Question 5

seasonal (water)

Answer 5

evapotranspiration greatest in the summer due to greater light intensity

Question 6

seasonal (carbon)

Answer 6

• changes NPP (driven by temp, day length, high latitudes)
• phytoplankton bloom in march due to increased ocean temps and light intensity

Question 7

long term (water)

Answer 7

• glacial and interglacial
• turns ice into liquid
• glacial shrink the biosphere store of water
  -lower rates of evaporation during a glacial ( lack of exchange between spheres)

Question 8

long term (carbon)

Answer 8

• glacial cause a decrease in co2 stored in atmosphere
• co2 enters the deep ocean
• lower ocean temps in a glacial make c02 more soluble in surface waters
• ice sheets occupy larger areas in a glacial (reduce biosphere)
• large amounts of co2 is sequestered into the permafrost