4.7 Flashcards
habituation
the tendency to ignore something that is constant/unchanging
associative learning
A learning process by which a something comes to be associated with another stimulus or behavior, as through classical or operant conditioning
behaviorism
the science of observable behavior
classical conditioning
a process created by Ivan Pavlov in which the subject learns to make an involuntary response to a stimulus other than the original stimulus that normally produces the response
Ivan Pavlov
a russian physiologist best known for his work with classical conditioning
UCR
the involuntary response to the (UCS0
UCS
something that causes and involuntary response
CS
a previously neutral stimulus (NS) that after pairing with the (UCS) repeatedly is able to produce a conditioned response (CR)
CR
an involuntary response given to the conditioned stimulus (CS)
acquisition
repeated pairing of the (UCS) and the (NS)
higher order conditioning
occurs when a strong (CS) takes up the position of an (UCS) and the (NS) later becomes a (CS), thus creating another cycle of classical conditioning
extinction
the gradual weakening and disappearance of a (CR)
spontaneous recovery
the reappearance of a (CR) after extinction has occurred; fairly weak and short-lived
stimulus generalization
the tendency to respond to something that is similar to the conditioned stimulus (CS)
learned helplessness
a concept in which people or animals become conditioned to believed that a situation is unchangeable or inescapable
John Garcia
an american psychologist best known for his research on conditioned taste aversions
John Watson
american psychologist who conducted the “little albert” experiment
Little Albert
John Watson’s experiment that used a white rat to demonstrate the classic conditioning of a phobia
stimulus discrimination
a concept in which the subject learns to respond only to the original stimulus, and not to other similar stimuli
