4.6 Biodiversity within a community Flashcards

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1
Q

Define biodiversity:

A

The variety of living organisms in an area

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2
Q

What are the 3 components of biodiversity?

A
  1. Species diversity – the number of different species and the number of individuals of each species within a community
  2. Genetic diversity
  3. Ecosystem diversity
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3
Q

Define habitat:

A

Places where an organism lives

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4
Q

Define community:

A

All the populations of different species in a habitat

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5
Q

What is local biodiversity?

A

The variety of species living in a small habitat e.g. pond / meadow

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6
Q

What is global diversity?

A

The variety of species living on Earth

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7
Q

What is global diversity?

A

The variety of species living on Earth

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8
Q

What is species richness:

A

The number of different species in a community

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9
Q

How do you measure index of diversity?

A

D / N(N-1)/Σn(n-1)

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10
Q

The greater the species richness and species evenness…

A

The higher the number (index of diversity)

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11
Q

Why is index of biodiversity a more useful measure of species diversity than species richness?

A
  • As well as measuring the number of species, it also measures the number of individuals in a species (different proportions of species)
  • So takes account for the fact that some species may be present in low/high numbers
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12
Q

What farming techniques that reduce biodiversity?

A
  • Removal of woodland and hedgerows
  • Monoculture e.g. replace natural meadows with one cereal crop
  • Use of pesticides, herbicides and inorganic fertilisers
  • Crops better competitors for resources e.g. light / nutrients
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