4.3 Study Guide

Question 1

How does DNA become a protein?

Answer 1

DNA replicates itself then transcribes into RNA then translates into protein
Translation makes RNA

Question 2

Transcribed DNA Strand = Template Strand
Untranscribed DNA Strand = Coding Strand
Main Enyzme = RNA Polymerase

Question 3

RNA has U instead of T

Question 4

What does each part of a basic eukaryotic gene do?

Answer 4

Promoter - Start if transcription, attracts stranscription factos then RNA polymerase attach
Enhancer - Additional binding site for transcription factors
Exons - Keep
Introns - Removed

Question 5

List the steps of transcription

Answer 5

1. Initiation - transcription factors bind to promoter regions, attract prepare RNA polymerase to begin copying gene sequence into mRNA
2. Elongation - RNA polymerase breaks free of transcription factors, protective 5 prime cap is added to RNA
3. Termination - termination sequences are recognized and cut off, Poly A tail is added to end of new RNA molecule

Question 6

Why can’t DNA leave the nucleus?

Answer 6

1. It is too big
2. It is there for protection