4.3 - Cartilage Flashcards
Characteristics of cartilage
- Cells in the lacunae
- ECM
- No nerves
- No blood supply
- Flexible and resilient
Functions of cartilage
- Support of soft tissue
- Lining articular surfaces
- Connecting various tissues
- Developing skeleton
Cartilage matrix has what appearance
glossy
The matrix is interspersed with ___ in which ___ reside
Lacunae
Chondrocytes
Cartilage provide ___ friction surface
low
What are the types of cartilage?
Hyaline, elastic and fibrocartilage
Locations for hyaline cartilage
- Embryonic skeleton
- Respiratory structures
- Articular cartilages
- Synchondroses
- Epiphyseal growth plates
- Costal cartilages
ERASE C
Hyaline cartilage is surrounded by
perichondrium
Hyaline cartilage cells
Chondroblasts and chondrocytes
What is hyaline cartilage composed of?
Cells
Multiadhesive glycoproteins
Proteoglycans
Collagens
Intracellular water
What is hyaline cartilage mostly and leastly composed of?
Intracellular water (60-80%)
Cells (3-5%)
Cartilage ECM consists of
Chondrocytes
Type II fibers
Glycosamingoglycan
Aggrecan
What helps resist compression?
Bound water
What helps resist tension?
Type II fibers
The territorial and interterritorial matrix is in what type of cartilage?
hyaline
Describe territorial cartilage
- Surrounds the cell
- More condensed so darker staining
Describe Interterritorial matrix
Lighter staining b/c not as condensed
Define isogenous groups
- Characterize interstitial growth
- Cells cluster together and make a mask
- Also called nest cells
- Arise from chondrocytes
Describe interstitial growth
- Cartilage expands from within the cartilage
- NO perichondrium required
- NO chondroblasts
- Results in isogenous groups
Describe appositional growth
- Requires perichondrium
- Chondroprogenitor cells become chondroblasts
- Chondroblasts mature into chondrocytes
- Cartilage expands in size from outside
What cartilage undergoes interstitial growth?
Hyaline, elastic and firbocartilage
What cartilage undergoes appositional growth?
Hyaline and elastic cartilage
- What type of disease is osteoarthritis?
- What is the pathogenesis of the disease related to?
- Which joints are commonly affected?
- What are the main features characterizing the disease?
- What are the resulting clinical signs of the disease?
- Type of arthritis
- Occurs when the cartilage at the end of your bones deteriorates
- Hands, lower back, neck, and weight-bearing joints such as knees, hips, and feet.
4 and 5. Pain, stiffness, grating sensation
Describe elastic cartilage
Characterized by elastin in the cartilage matrix
- Forms a dense network of branching and anastomosing fibers
- Gives cartilage elastic properties
Elastic cartilage is surrounded by
Perichondrium
Location of elastic cartilage
- Larynx
- External auditory meatus
- Eustachian tube
- Epiglottis
- Auricle (pinna) or ear
Elastic is for LEEEA
Elastic cartilage is made of what type of fiber
Type II collagen
Location for fibrocartilage
- Attachment of tendons and ligaments to bone
- Intervertebral discs
- Symphysis pubis
Does fibrocartilage have perichondrium
NO
That’s why it only has interstitial growth
What type of fibers is fibrocartilage made of
Type I collagen
Fibrocartilage is a hybrid of what
Dense regular CT and hyaline cartilage
What types of cartilage have isogenous groups
hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage
Describe cartilage repair
- Limited ability b/c they have no blood (avascular)
- Limited repair in the presence of a perichondrium
Hyaline cartilage is prone to ___ with age, and ___ cartilage is replaced by bone
Calcification
Calcified
