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601 - Exam 2 > 4.3 - Cartilage > Flashcards

4.3 - Cartilage Flashcards

1
Q

Characteristics of cartilage

A
  • Cells in the lacunae
  • ECM
  • No nerves
  • No blood supply
  • Flexible and resilient
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2
Q

Functions of cartilage

A
  • Support of soft tissue
  • Lining articular surfaces
  • Connecting various tissues
  • Developing skeleton
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3
Q

Cartilage matrix has what appearance

A

glossy

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4
Q

The matrix is interspersed with ___ in which ___ reside

A

Lacunae
Chondrocytes

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5
Q

Cartilage provide ___ friction surface

A

low

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6
Q

What are the types of cartilage?

A

Hyaline, elastic and fibrocartilage

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7
Q

Locations for hyaline cartilage

A
  • Embryonic skeleton
  • Respiratory structures
  • Articular cartilages
  • Synchondroses
  • Epiphyseal growth plates
  • Costal cartilages

ERASE C

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8
Q

Hyaline cartilage is surrounded by

A

perichondrium

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9
Q

Hyaline cartilage cells

A

Chondroblasts and chondrocytes

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10
Q

What is hyaline cartilage composed of?

A

Cells
Multiadhesive glycoproteins
Proteoglycans
Collagens
Intracellular water

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11
Q

What is hyaline cartilage mostly and leastly composed of?

A

Intracellular water (60-80%)
Cells (3-5%)

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12
Q

Cartilage ECM consists of

A

Chondrocytes
Type II fibers
Glycosamingoglycan
Aggrecan

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13
Q

What helps resist compression?

A

Bound water

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14
Q

What helps resist tension?

A

Type II fibers

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15
Q

The territorial and interterritorial matrix is in what type of cartilage?

A

hyaline

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16
Q

Describe territorial cartilage

A
  • Surrounds the cell
  • More condensed so darker staining
17
Q

Describe Interterritorial matrix

A

Lighter staining b/c not as condensed

18
Q

Define isogenous groups

A
  • Characterize interstitial growth
  • Cells cluster together and make a mask
  • Also called nest cells
  • Arise from chondrocytes
19
Q

Describe interstitial growth

A
  • Cartilage expands from within the cartilage
  • NO perichondrium required
  • NO chondroblasts
  • Results in isogenous groups
20
Q

Describe appositional growth

A
  • Requires perichondrium
  • Chondroprogenitor cells become chondroblasts
  • Chondroblasts mature into chondrocytes
  • Cartilage expands in size from outside
21
Q

What cartilage undergoes interstitial growth?

A

Hyaline, elastic and firbocartilage

22
Q

What cartilage undergoes appositional growth?

A

Hyaline and elastic cartilage

23
Q
  1. What type of disease is osteoarthritis?
  2. What is the pathogenesis of the disease related to?
  3. Which joints are commonly affected?
  4. What are the main features characterizing the disease?
  5. What are the resulting clinical signs of the disease?
A
  1. Type of arthritis
  2. Occurs when the cartilage at the end of your bones deteriorates
  3. Hands, lower back, neck, and weight-bearing joints such as knees, hips, and feet.
    4 and 5. Pain, stiffness, grating sensation
24
Q

Describe elastic cartilage

A

Characterized by elastin in the cartilage matrix
- Forms a dense network of branching and anastomosing fibers
- Gives cartilage elastic properties

25
Q

Elastic cartilage is surrounded by

A

Perichondrium

26
Q

Location of elastic cartilage

A
  • Larynx
  • External auditory meatus
  • Eustachian tube
  • Epiglottis
  • Auricle (pinna) or ear

Elastic is for LEEEA

27
Q

Elastic cartilage is made of what type of fiber

A

Type II collagen

28
Q

Location for fibrocartilage

A
  • Attachment of tendons and ligaments to bone
  • Intervertebral discs
  • Symphysis pubis
29
Q

Does fibrocartilage have perichondrium

A

NO
That’s why it only has interstitial growth

30
Q

What type of fibers is fibrocartilage made of

A

Type I collagen

31
Q

Fibrocartilage is a hybrid of what

A

Dense regular CT and hyaline cartilage

32
Q

What types of cartilage have isogenous groups

A

hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage

33
Q

Describe cartilage repair

A
  • Limited ability b/c they have no blood (avascular)
  • Limited repair in the presence of a perichondrium
34
Q

Hyaline cartilage is prone to ___ with age, and ___ cartilage is replaced by bone

A

Calcification
Calcified

601 - Exam 2 (11 decks)

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