4.2.3

Question 1

Which of the following biochemical markers are used to determine whether semen is present in vaginal fluid specimens obtained from women after an alleged sexual assault or rape?
Citric acid
Flavin
Zinc
Acid phosphatase

Answer 1

Zinc

Question 2

Biochemical markers used to assess the secretory function of the prostate gland include all of the flowing except
) citric acid.
• flavin.
zinc.
acid phosphatase.

Answer 2

flavin

Question 3

Low fructose levels may be indicative of
1. ejaculatory duct obstruction.
2. abnormalities of the seminal vesicles or vas deferens.
3. prostate dysfunction.
1 and 2
• 1 and 3
) 2 and 3
• 1, 2, and 3

Answer 3

1, 2, and 3

Question 4

Assessment of fructose levels is performed when
vitality is less than 75%.
motility is graded equal to or less than 2. sperm count exhibits azoospermia.
) liquefaction is less than 30 minutes.

Answer 4

sperm count exhibits azoospermia.

Question 5

Semen specimens with a pH level less than 7.2 indicate

immunologic infertility.
decreased production of seminal fluid. abnormalites of the epididymis.
excess level of fructose in the semen.

Answer 5

abnormalites of the epididymis.

Question 6

All of the following can be associated with immunologic infertility except

immunoglobulin G coating sperm. antibodies from the female coating sperm.
immunoglobulin A bound to sperm. increased presence of bacteria in semen.

Answer 6

increased presence of bacteria in semen.

Question 7

All of the following orientations indicate the presence of sperm agglutinating antibodies except
• head/tail to mucous/cells.
•head to had.
) head to tail.
tail to tail.

Answer 7

head/tail to mucous/cells.

Question 8

Distinguishing between an increase in WBCs and an increase in immature spermatogenic cells in a semen sample is necessary in evaluating for all of the following conditions except

) infection in the genitourinary tract.
• contamination of a specimen during collection.
inflammation of the seminal vesicles or prostate.
) infertility hf the patient.

Answer 8

• contamination of a specimen during collection.

Question 9

Which type of stain is required for differentiation between living and dead sperm?
Giemsa
• Wright’s
Papanicolaou
• Eosin

Answer 9

Eosin

Question 10

Morphologically abnormal sperm are found in
• all semen specimens.
semen of infertile men.
specimens showing less than 50% rapid linear motility.
specimens having liquefaction times greater than 60 minutes.

Answer 10

all semen specimens

Question 11

The basic morphologic evaluation of each spermatozoon requires reporting of
• head defects.
midpiece defects.
tail defects.
percentage of normal forms.

Answer 11

tail defects

Question 12

Multiple semen samples are required for fertility studies to reliably assess specimen quantity and quality, which may be affected by variations in sperm concentration due to
1. stress.
2. viral infections.
3. variance in periods of abstinence.
4. time of day of specimen collection.

3
3 and 4
• 1, 2, and 3
All are correct

Answer 12

• 1, 2, and 3

Question 13

Vitality assessment of a semen specimen includes evaluation of
percentage of living sperm.
motility of sperm.
• liquefactign time.
volume of semen.

Answer 13

percentage of living sperm

Question 14

Which of the following specimen results shows better fertility characteristics?

Answer 14

15 × 106 derm/mL
Liquefaction: 45 minutes
Motility: Grade of 4
Morphology: 50% normal
Vitality: 80%
Leukocytes: <1 × 10°/mL

Question 15

A semen sample from a 28-year-old male is received in the laboratory for a fertility study. The test results are

What is the sperm count for this patient?
10 × 10° ferm
• 30 × 10° sperm
3.33 × 10° sperm
15 × 10° sperm

Answer 15

• 30 × 10° sperm

Question 16

Motility assessment of sperm includes evaluation of
speed and forward progression.
speed after liquefaction.
) tumbling motility.
motility irrespective of direction.

Answer 16

speed and forward progression.

Question 17

The normal appearance of freshly ejaculated semen is
gray-white, clear, gel-like.
brownish, turbid, liquid.
opalescent, grayish, viscous.
white, clear, discrete droplets, watery.

Answer 17

opalescent, grayish, viscous

Question 18

Requirements for proper collection of a semen specimen include which of the following?
1. Lubricant for ease of masturbation or a condom
2. Container warmed to room temperature
3. Delivery to the laboratory within 2 hours
4. Maintenance of the specimen temperature at 20 °C to 40 °C
5. Abstinence from sex for 2 to 7 days before collection
3 and 4
2, 3, 4, an. 5
• 2,4, and 5
All of the above

Answer 18

• 2,4, and 5

Question 19

Failure to collect the entire semen specimen negatively affects which results?
1. pH
2. Sperm count
3. Motility
4. Coagulum
3
2 and 3
• 1, 2, and 4
All of the above

Answer 19

• 1, 2, and 4

Question 20

A semen specimen for fertility studies from a 32-year-old male is delivered to the laboratory by the man’s wife within 1 hour of collection. She estimates her drive time as 20 minutes. The specimen was collected in a specimen cup provided by the laboratory and was kept at body temperature during the delivery period. The label of the specimen contains the patient’s name, the date, and the period of abstinence.
The technologist should
• receive the specimen and promptly deliver it to the UA department for analysis.
• reject the specimen and tell the wife the specimen must be recollected.
• place the specimen in the incubator until it can be tested.
check the specimen for liquidation and add 20 minutes.

Answer 20

reject the specimen and tell the wife the specimen must be recollected.

Question 21

Which of the following can be used to evaluate prostate function and, when present in decreased amounts, is associated with prostate gland disorders?
Acid phosphatase
Prostaglandins
Testosterone
Zinc

Answer 21

Zinc

Question 22

The substance present in high concentration in the seminal fluid that is thought to serve as a nutrient for spermatozoa is
flavin. zinc.
fructose.
citric acid.

Answer 22

fructose.

Question 23

Approximately 70% of the ejaculate fluid comes from the
prostate gland.*
epididymis.
bulbourethral gland.
seminal vesicles.

Answer 23

seminal vesicles

Question 24

Which of the following are considered accessory glands of the male reproductive system and are testosterone dependent?
•Testes and epididymis
•Seminal vesicles and prostate gland
•Seminiferous tubules and vas deferens
•Interstitill cells of Leydig and ejaculatory duct

Answer 24

•Seminal vesicles and prostate gland

Question 25

The exocrine function of the testes is the secretion of
sperm.
testosterone.
luteinizing hormone.
• follicle-stimulating hormone.

Answer 25

sperm

Question 26

Seminal fluid is evaluated for which of the following purposes?
1. Fertility
2. Postvasectomy check
3. Forensics
4. Donations
1 and 2
1, 2, and 3
1
• All of the above

Answer 26

• All of the above