4.21 Alchol reactions

Question 1

What is the general combustion formula

and what type of reaction is it?

Answer 1

alcohol + oxygen -> CO2 + H2O

its exothermic as alot of bonds are breaking causing alot of energy to be released

Question 2

2 products which can be made from oxidising a primary alcohol

Answer 2

aldehyde (h2 lost as O needs 2 bonds) -> carboxylic acid ( add h)

Question 3

1 product that can be made from oxidising a secondary alcohol

Answer 3

ketone (lose h2 as need 2 bonds for O)

Question 4

what product is made from oxidising a tertiary alcohol

Answer 4

no reaction as we need a H on the alpha carbon for the reaction to take place

Question 5

what is an alpha C

Answer 5

the C the -OH it attached to

Question 6

how can you find oxidations state

Answer 6

(normal C e- count) - (no of e- available around alpha C)

to find availability ->
C-C take 1 e- each
H-C so C takes both e- due to high electronegativity
C-O so O takes both e- due to high electronegativity

Question 7

what happens in dehydration of alcohols

Answer 7

H and OH are taken off to make H2O and a double bond is made

Question 8

how are haloalkanes made

Answer 8

alcohol + hydrogenhalide -> haloalkane + water

OH joins to H on hydrogen halide and halide joins to alcohol