4.2 Introduction to organic chemistry Flashcards
What is a hydrocarbon?
Molecules that contain only carbon and hydrogen.
What is an empirical formula?
The simplest whole number ratio of the atoms in a compound
What is a molecular formula?
Counts the actual number of each type of atom present in a molecule
What is a homologous series?
A series of compounds with similar chemical properties because they have the same functional group
What is a funtional group?
An atom or a group of atoms that determine the chemical properties of a compound
What is a structural formula?
Displays how the atoms in a molecule are joined together
What is a displayed formula/full structural formula?
Shows all the bonds in the molecule as individual lines
What is an example of a structural formula?
CH3-CH=CH2
What is an example of a displayed formula?
Where the hydrogens are joined together each individually
What is the general formula for an Alkane?
CnH2n+2
What is the general formula for an Alkene?
CnH2n
What is the difference between an Alkane and an Alkene?
Alkanes do not have double bonds, Alkenes do
What is a structural isomer?
Molecules with the same molecular formula, but different structural formula
