1.7 Ionic bonding Flashcards
What is ionic bonding?
A metal combined with a non-metal
How does ionic bonding happen?
When an electron is transferred from the outer shell od one atom to another atom, in order to make a full outer shell
When something gains an electron it becomes…
Negatively charged
When something loses an electron it becomes…
Positively charged
What is a positive ion called?
A cation
What is a negative ion called?
An anion
Ionic bonding book definition
The strong electrostatic forces of attraction between positive and negative ions
What are the positive ions you should know off by heart?
Zinc: Zn2+
Silver: Ag+
Hydrogen: H+
Ammonium: NH+4
What are the negative ions you should know off by heart?
Nitrate: NO-3
Hydroxide: OH-
Carbonate: CO2- 3
Sulfate: SO2- 4
What is a lattice?
A regular array of particles
What is a giant lattice structure?
A structure where there are no individual molecules. The bonding extends throughout the structure in all directions.
What are the physical properties of ionic substances?
-high melting and boiling points
-tend to be crystalline
-brittle
-soluble in water
-insoluble in organic solvents
What happens with the electrical conductivity of ionic substances?
They don’t conduct electricity when solid, because the ions are in a fixed position and are not free to more around. However, they do conduct electricity when molten, because the ions become free to move.
