4.1.3 Mitochondria & Chloroplast DNA

Question 1

A single mitochondrion is shown – the inner membrane has protein complexes vital for the later stages of aerobic respiration embedded within it

Answer 1

Question 2

Surrounded by double-membrane with the inner membrane folded to

Answer 2

cristae

Question 3

The matrix formed by the cristae contains

Answer 3

enzymes needed for aerobic respiration, producing ATP

Question 4

Small circular pieces of DNA (mitochondrial DNA) and ribosomes are also found in

Answer 4

the matrix (needed for replication)

Question 5

Chloroplasts are found in the green parts of a plant – the green colour a result of the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll

Answer 5

Question 6

Chloroplasts are larger than mitochondria, also surrounded by

Answer 6

a double-membrane

Question 7

Membrane-bound compartments called

Answer 7

thylakoids

Question 8

Membrane-bound compartments called thylakoids containing

Answer 8

chlorophyll

Question 9

Membrane-bound compartments called thylakoids containing chlorophyll stack to form structures called

Answer 9

grana

Question 10

Grana are joined together by

Answer 10

lamellae (thin and flat thylakoid membranes)

Question 11

Chloroplasts are the site of

Answer 11

photosynthesis

Question 12

The light-dependent stage takes place in

Answer 12

the thylakoids

Question 13

The light-independent stage (Calvin Cycle) takes place in

Answer 13

the stroma

Question 14

Chloroplasts also contain small circular pieces of

Answer 14

DNA

Question 15

Also contain small circular pieces of DNA and

Answer 15

ribosomes

Question 16

Also contain small circular pieces of DNA and ribosomes used to

Answer 16

synthesise proteins needed in chloroplast replication and photosynthesis

Question 17

The mitochondria and chloroplasts of eukaryotic cells contain DNA which is

Answer 17

short, circular and not associated with protein, just like the DNA of prokaryotes