4.1.1- Organisms That Cause Disease Flashcards
What are the four types of pathogen?
Bacteria
Fungi
Protoctista
Virus
Pathogen’s can live in a ________.
Host.
Explain how a pathogen lives on a host.
It takes nutrition from the host, causing damage in the process.
Bacteria are ________.
Prokaryotes.
How do bacteria cause disease?
They damage cells by releasing toxins or waste products toxic to the host.
In plants, where will bacteria take heed.
The vascular tissue.
Explain how a common fungal infection will affect the host.
The fungus lives in the skin and where it’s hyphae (forms a mycelium) grows under the skins surface. The fungus can send out specialised gulags to grow in the skin and release spores, causing redness and inflammation.
In plants, fungi will live where?
The vascular tissue.
Explain how a fungi would attack a plant.
The hyphae releases extra cellular enzymes to digest the surrounding tissue- causing decay and leaves to become mottled in colour.
Explain how a virus will affect a cell.
The virus invades the cell, takes over the genetic material barite causing the cell to create copies of the virus. The host cell will then burst, releasing new viruses to infect new cells.
How does a protoctista cause harm?
Entering the cell and feeding on the host cell’s contents as it grows.
Give an example of how a protoctista would harm a cell.
Malaria Parasite Plasmodium- has immature forms that feed on the red blood cells haemoglobin.
List three diseases caused by bacteria.
Tuberculosis
Ring rot (in plants)
Bacterial meningitis
List three diseases caused by a virus.
HIV/ AIDS
Influenza
Tobacco mosaic
List three diseases caused by fungi.
Black Sigatoka
Ringworm (in cattle)
Athlete’s foot
