4.1.1 Basic concepts Organic Chemistry

Question 1

hydrocarbon

Answer 1

a compound contain C and H atoms only

Question 2

saturated

Answer 2

a compound containing only single c-c bonds

Question 3

unsaturated

Answer 3

a compound containing multiple bonds, can accept more hydrogen

Question 4

catenation

Answer 4

carbons unique ability to make long chains of C atoms

Question 5

isomers

Answer 5

molecules with the same molecular formulae but different strucutres

Question 6

empirical formula

Answer 6

the simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element present in the compounds

Question 7

molecular formula

Answer 7

the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule

Question 8

functional groups

Answer 8

the functional group of a compound is the group of atoms responsible for the characteristic reactions of a compound

Question 9

homologous series

Answer 9

a homologous series is a family of organic compounds with the same functional group but with each successive member differing by CH2. Their chemical properties are similar but their physical properties show gradations

Question 10

alkane general formula

Answer 10

CnH2n+2

Question 11

alkene general formula

Answer 11

CnH2n

Question 12

alcohol general formula

Answer 12

CnH2n+2O

Question 13

general formula

Answer 13

simplest algebraic formula of a member of a homologous series

Question 14

structural formula

Answer 14

minimal detail showing the arrangement of the atoms in a molecule

Question 15

displayed formula

Answer 15

shows the relative positioning of atoms and bonds between them

Question 16

skeletal formula

Answer 16

simplified organic formula by removing H atoms from C chains leaving just a C skeleton and associated functional groups

Question 17

aliphatic compounds

Answer 17

contain carbon and hydrogen joined together in straight or branched chains or non-aromatic rings

Question 18

alicyclic compounds

Answer 18

aliphatic compounds arranged in non-aromatic rings, with or without side chains

Question 19

aromatic compounds

Answer 19

compounds containing benzene rings

Question 20

unsaturated

Answer 20

contain one or more double carbon bonds

Question 21

structural isomers

Answer 21

they have the same molecular formula but a different structural formula