4.1 - Urbanisation

Question 1

What are the effects of urbanisation as cities grow?

Answer 1

In developing countries, shanty towns develop, air, noise and water pollution all increase, gap between rich and poor widens - investment increases as a result of the country developing and so the economic opportunities increase.

Question 2

Explain one effect of rapid urbanisation in emerging countries like Brazil.

Answer 2

The increase in illegal and unplanned shanty towns. - not enough permanent housing for people migrating.

Question 3

What is the main cause of urbanisation in developed countries and why?

Answer 3

Industrialisation - eg. in the UK in the 18th and 19th centuries the mechanisation of farming and rise of factory jobs drove people to cities from rural areas.

Question 4

What are the main causes of urbanisation in emerging/developing countries and why?

Answer 4

Rural to urban migration - people moving to urban areas for a better quality of life.

Natural increase - birth rates in urban ares are normally higher than death rates.