4.1 Disease Flashcards
What is a pathogen?
An organism that causes disease
What are the four types of pathogens?
Fungi
Bacteria
Viruses
Protists
Tuberculosis
Bacterial disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis
- A disease that affects many parts of the body, killing the cells and tissues ; affects lungs
Bacterial meningitis
Caused by bacteria Neisseria meningitis or streptococcus
-a infection of the meninges, the membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord; the membranes become swollen and may cause damage to the brain and nerves
Ring rot (in plants)
Caused by bacterium clavibacter michiganensis
-ring of decay in the vascular tissue of q potato tuber or tomato, accompanied by leaf wilting
HIV/AIDS
Virus- human immunodeficiency virus
-attacks cells in the immune system and compromises the immune response
Influenza
(Flu)Virus- from family orthomyxoviridae
-attacks respiratory system and causes muscle pains and headaches
Tobacco mosaic virus (plant)
Virus-tobbacco mosaic virus
-causes mottling and discolouration of leaves
Black sigatoka (bananas)
Fungus: mycosphaerella
Causes leaf spots on banana plants reducing yield
Blight (tomatoes and potatoes)
Protoctistan: phytophthora
Affects both leaves and potato tuber cells, watery rot of the leaves
Ringworm (cattle)
Caused by fungus trichophyton verricosum
-growth of fungus in skin with spore cases erupting through skin to cause a rash
Athlete’s foot (humans)
Caused by fungus: trichophyton rubrum
-growth under skin of feet- particularly between the toes
Malaria
Caused by protoctistan plasmodium falciparum
Parasite in the blood that causes headache and fever and may progress to coma and death
Direct transmission
The transfer of a pathogen directly from one organism to another
Indirect transmission
The transfer of a pathogen indirectly between organisms via a vector
