2.5 Cell Membranes Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the fluid mosaic model?

A

Theory of cell membrane structure with proteins embedded in sea of phospholipids

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2
Q

Glycolipid

A

Lipid/phospholipid with a chain of carbohydrate molecules

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3
Q

Glycoprotein

A

Protein with a chain of carbohydrate molecules attached

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4
Q

Plasma membrane

A

Cell surface membrane

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5
Q

What are the three types of protein in the cell membrane?

A

Protein channels
Protein carriers
Signalling proteins

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6
Q

Who invented the mosaic model? And when?

A

Singer and Nicolson, 1972

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7
Q

In neurones ( nerve cells ) what composition does the cell membrane have

A

-

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8
Q

What is diffusion?

A

Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration; it may or may not be across a membrane; doesn’t involve metabolic energy (ATP)

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9
Q

What is facilitated diffusion?

A

Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration of that molecule to an area of low concentration, across a partially permeable membrane via protein channels or carriers; does not involve metabolic energy (ATP)

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10
Q

Factors that affect the rate of simple diffusion?

A

-Temperature (higher temp the quicker rate of diffusion)
-Diffusion distance( the thicker the membrane the slower rate of diffusion)
-Surface area( more diffusion can take place across a larger surface area)
-Size of diffusing molecule (smaller ions/molecules will diffuse more rapidly)
-Concentration gradient ( the steeper the gradient, the faster the rate of diffusioon?

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11
Q

Example of diffusion

A

Carbon dioxide diffusing into the palisade mesophyll cells of a plant leaf will then diffuse into chloroplast to be used for photosynthesis

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