4.1 Classification Of Motor Skills

Question 1

What is classification?

Answer 1

Process of grouping similar skills together and giving them a generic label 

Question 2

What is a continuum?

Answer 2

An imaginary scale between two extremes which show a gradual increase/decrease in a number of characteristics 

Question 3

What three factors affect motor skills

Answer 3

1.precision of movement
2.definite beginning/end
3.environmental influence

Question 4

What are the six different continuum?

Answer 4

– Difficulty (simple/complex)
– environmental influence (open/closed)
- pacing (self-paced/externally paced)
- Muscular involvement (gross/fine)
– continuity (discreet/serial/continuous)
Organisation (low/high)

Question 5

Simple skills

Answer 5

– Straightforward skills.
– routines
– Hardy, any judgement or decisions
– taught as a whole

Question 6

Complex skills

Answer 6

– complicated skills
– requiring a lot of attention/practice.
– require a large number of interlink subroutines.
– involve lots of decisions.
– taught in stages

Question 7

Example of simple skill

Answer 7

Sprint start in swimming

Question 8

Example of complex skill

Answer 8

Slip, catch in cricket

Question 9

Open skills

Answer 9

– Require perceptual monitoring (the performer, perceives information which stimulates the skill response)
– occur in an unpredictable environment.
– requires decision-making.
– usually externally paste

Question 10

Example of open skill

Answer 10

Pass in football

Question 11

Simple – complex continuum

Answer 11

Based on types of judgements and decision performer has to make

Question 12

Open - closed continuum

Answer 12

Concerned with the effects of environment

Question 13

Closed skills

Answer 13

– Pre-learned and habitual
– no external requirements.
– occur in a predictable environment.
– follow a set pattern with a definite beginning and end.
– usually self-paced paste

Question 14

Example of closed skills

Answer 14

Tennis serve

Question 15

Externally paced - self paced continuum

Answer 15

Refers to timing of movement

Question 16

Externally paced skills

Answer 16

– Speed and precision, with which the skill is executed or controlled by the environment/surroundings of the performer.
– involves reaction.
– usually an open skill

Question 17

Example of externally paced skills

Answer 17

Receiving tennis serve

Question 18

Self-paced skills

Answer 18

– Rate of action is controlled by the performer.
– skill is generally more closed habitual

Question 19

Example of self-paced skills

Answer 19

Tennis serve

Question 20

Gross – fine continuum

Answer 20

Concerned with the precision of movement

Question 21

Gross skills

Answer 21

– Use large muscle movements.
– little need for precision.
– include many fundamental movement patterns, such as jumping

Question 22

Example of gross skill

Answer 22

Olympic weightlifting

Question 23

Fine skills

Answer 23

• use small muscle groups
• intricate movements
• need for precision
• high degree of hand eye coordination

Question 24

Example of fine skills

Answer 24

Snooker shot

Question 25

Discreet – serial – continuous continuum

Answer 25

Concerned with how clear the beginning and end of a skill 

Question 26

Discrete skills

Answer 26

• Have a clear, beginning and end
  – single specific skill.
  – before a must start again, to repeat the skill

Question 27

Example of discrete skill

Answer 27

Penalty kick

Question 28

Serial skills

Answer 28

Have a number of discrete skills/sub routines
– a link together into performance, consisting of several phases

Question 29

Example of serial skills

Answer 29

Triple jump

Question 30

Continuous skills

Answer 30

– Cannot be split into subroutines or easily distinguishable parts.
– no definite beginning or end.
– the end of one cycle is the beginning of the next

Question 31

Example of continuous skills

Answer 31

Cycling

Question 32

Low – high organisational continuum

Answer 32

How closely link sub routines of the movement skills are

Question 33

Low organisation

Answer 33

– Uncomplicated and have little organisational structure.
– sub routines tend to be discreet, they can be split up easily and practice separately

Question 34

Example of low organisation skill

Answer 34

Gymnastics routine

Question 35

High organisation

Answer 35

– Have a complex organisational structure.
– celerity the cosy linked.
– cannot be practised separately, must be practised as a whole.
– require farmer, attention and concentration to perform successfully

Question 36

Example of high organisation skill

Answer 36

Golf swing

Question 37

What is an individual skill?

Answer 37

Skill is performed without reference to another player, e.g. throwing a javelin

Question 38

What is a coactive skill?

Answer 38

Whether others are involved called co actors, e.g. blocking in volleyball

Question 39

What is an interactive skill?

Answer 39

If the skill is dependent upon interaction with the environment, e.g. many sailing skills