4.1 Acids, bases and neutralisation

Question 1

What do acids contain

Answer 1

H+ ions

Question 2

Strong acids…

Answer 2

… release all its hydrogen atoms into solution as H+ ions and completely dissociates in aqueous solution

Question 3

Weak acids…

Answer 3

… release only a small proportion of its available hydrogen atoms into solution as H+ ions and only partially dissociates in aqueous solution

Question 4

What does the equilibrium ⇌ sign indicate

Answer 4

That the forward reaction is incomplete

Question 5

Generally, what acids are weak acids?

Answer 5

Organic acids such as ethanoic acid

Question 6

Examples of bases

Answer 6

Metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal carbonates and ammonia

Question 7

What is a base

Answer 7

Neutralises an acid to form a salt

Question 8

What is an alkali

Answer 8

A base that dissolves in water releasing hydroxide ions (OH-) into the solution

Question 9

What happens in neutralisation of an acid with metal oxides or hydroxides

Answer 9

H+ ions react with a base to form a salt and neutral water

Question 10

Acid + Alkali ->

Answer 10

Salt + Water

Question 11

Full and Ionic Equation of Hydrochloric acid and Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)

Answer 11

Full Equation:
HCl + NaOH -> NaCl + H2O
Ionic Equation:
H+ + OH- -> H2O

Question 12

What happens in neutralisation of acids with carbonates

Answer 12

Forms a salt, water and carbon dioxide