4.04 Connective Tissue

Question 1

Characterized by cells which function to elaborate and maintain a variety of extracellular matrix; supporting framework for most of the organs of the body

Answer 1

connective tissue

Question 2

Three components of connective tissues

Answer 2

connective tissue cells
connective tissue fibers
ground matrix

Question 3

The __ is the dominant component of connective tissues that determines the physical properties of each type

Answer 3

extracellular matrix

Question 4

functions of connective tissues

Answer 4

1. support organs and tissues of the body
2. serves as a binding substance for organs and tissues
3. protection of the body
4. fat storage and insulation
5. hematopoiesis
6. protection against bacterial infection
7. repair of the body

Question 5

From which embryonic tissue did connective tissue arise? What characterizes it?

Answer 5

Mesenchyme; branched cells embedded in an abundant amorphous intercellular substance

Question 6

Principal cells of connective tissues responsible for the synthesis if fibers, elastin, and ground matrix

Answer 6

Fibroblasts

Question 7

Connective tissue cells that have the ability to make particulate materials with their cytoplasm and degrade the ingested substance with hydrolytic enzymes by phagocytosis

Answer 7

macrophages

Question 8

Macrophages are prominent in areas of __

Answer 8

inflammation

Question 9

Connective tissue cells that have becomes specialized for storage of neutral fats or heat production

Answer 9

fat cells or adipocytes

Question 10

These connective tissue cells are numerous in sites subject to penetration of bacteria and foreign proteins in areas where there is chronic inflammation

Answer 10

plasma cells

Question 11

Found in plasma cells, these are large masses of electron dense materials

Answer 11

Russell bodies

Question 12

Russell bodies represent what?

Answer 12

Aberrant state of the cells or the degenerative changes in the cells

Question 13

Responsible for the synthesis of the antibodies found in the blood stream

Answer 13

plasma cells

Question 14

Connective tissue cells that have granules that contain heparin and histamine

Answer 14

mast cells

Question 15

Actively involved in anaphylactic or hypersensitivity reactions

Answer 15

mast cells

Question 16

Most abundant protein in the human body

Answer 16

collagen

Question 17

What is obtained when collagen is denatured by boiling?

Answer 17

gelatin

Question 18

Tissue distribution of collagen I (10)

Answer 18

dermis
bone
tendon
dentine
fascia
sclera
organ
capsule
fibrous
cartilage

Question 19

Tissue distribution of collagen II (2)

Answer 19

hyalin cartilage

elastic cartilage

Question 20

Tissue distribution of collagen III (8)

Answer 20

smooth muscle
endomysium
arterioles
uterus
liver
spleen
kidney
lungs

Question 21

Tissue distribution of collagen IV

Answer 21

epithelial and endothelial basal lamina

Question 22

Tissue distribution of collagen V

Answer 22

fetal membranes

Question 23

Collagen type thought to be the collagenous component of reticular fibers

Answer 23

Collagen type III

Question 24

Connective tissue diber that is resistant to boiling and hydrolysis by dilute acid or alkali

Answer 24

Elastic fibers

Question 25

Elastin resists digestion by what?

Answer 25

trypsin

Question 26

What enzyme selectively digests it from tissue secretion?

Answer 26

elastase

Question 27

Slender fibrils that tend to form delicate networks rather than coarse bundles

Answer 27

reticular fibers

Question 28

Reticular fibers are selectively stained with __; hence they can be otherwise called __

Answer 28

reducible silver salt; argyrophilic fibers

Question 29

What does the ground matrix principally contain?

Answer 29

mucopolysaccharides

glycosaminoglycans

Question 30

Examples of GAGs

Answer 30

hyaluronic acid
chondroitin sulfate
dermatan sulfate
keratin sulfate
heparin sulfate

Question 31

T/F. Adipose tissues can now be considered as exocrine glands.

Answer 31

False. They are considered endocrine glands.

Question 32

Which type of adipose tissue is considered to belong to that of infants?

Answer 32

Brown adipose tissue

Question 33

Which of the types is unilocular? Multilocular?

Answer 33

Uni: white/yellow
Multi: Brown

Question 34

Mucous connective tissue has an abundance of ground matrix composed of chiefly __

Answer 34

hyaluronic acid

Question 35

Mucous connective tissue is made up chiefly of

Answer 35

large stellate fibroblast cells

Question 36

What kind of connective tissue is Wharton’s Jelly?

Answer 36

Mucous connective tissue