4.02 Imaging Flashcards
Discovered xray
Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen
How are xrays similar to visible light and how are they different?
X-rays are electromagnetic waves, like visible light, but have shorter wavelengths
Terminologies used for the interpretation of x-ray images
Opacities and lucencies
4 most common examinations
chest
abdomen
extremities
spine
X-ray modality that offers continuous imaging of the motion of internal structures; serial images can be produced
Fluoroscopy
Renal application of fluoroscopy where the contrast is injected through a peripheral vein
Intravenous pyelogram/excretory urography (IVP)
Renal application of fluoroscopy where the contrast is instilled in ureteral meatus
Retrograde Pyelogram (RGP)
Renal application of fluoroscopy where the contrast is instilled through the urethra, bladder filled up, serial images taken while the patient is voiding
Voiding Crystourethrography (VCUG)
Element used for the alimentary tract applications of fluoroscopy
barium
Fluoroscopy that is done as part of infertility work-up, and the contrast is instilled via the vagina
Hysterosalpingogram
Images are formed by shooting x-rays through a person circumferentially; it is a rotating tube
computed tomography scan
Two types of CT scans and the difference between the two of them
Conventional or axial scanners and helical or spiral scanners; the former takes sequential photographs per segment, while the latter takes non-stop images while spiraling around the patient
Terminologies used for CT scans
density and attenuation
Contrast that is orally or rectally administered and it opacifies the stomach, small and large bowel
Gastrointestinal contrast
Contrast used to make abnormalities more conspicuous and to increase the density of various organs
Intravenous contrast
Imaging device that makes use of high frequency sound; what do you call the component of the device that emits the sound waves that makes this device work?
Ultrasound; transducer
Terminology for interpretation of ultrasound output; what does it pertain to?; what are the different levels?
Echogenicity - ability of an object to reflect sound waves and produce echoes
- hyperechoic
- hypoechoic
- anechoic
Kind of ultrasound that includes technology to measure and analyze blood flow
Doppler ultrasound
Noninvasive study that uses magnets and radio waves to produce images of internal structures
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
What structure in the human body does not produce images in the MRI that gives this particular imaging modality an advantage to see usually obscured structures?
bone
Imaging modality best for people who have allergic reactions to contrasts
MRI
Imaging modality better for people who have metallic implants in their body
All mentioned except for MRI
T/F. Patients are required to move while under the MRI, to see which parts of the brain are stimulated when they do certain activities, e.g. squeezing a stress ball.
False. You can’t move in an MRI.
Terminology used for MRI imaging interpretation and its levels
Signal intensity;
hyperintense
hypointense
isointense
