4000 Essential English Words Flashcards
These 4000 Essential English Words as a whole cover a large proportion of the words in any spoken or written text. They cover at least 80% of the words in newspapers and academic texts, and at least 90% of the words in novels. They also cover at least 90% of the words in conversation.
a person who gives money to help someone.
benefactor
→ The student’s benefactor gave him money to spend on his studies.
a disease caused by a virus in humans and some animals;it causes fever, indigestion, coughing and muscle pain.
flu
→ Since he had the flu, he felt miserable.
(a short form of the word “influenza.”)
something is hard to believe to be true.
incredible,
→ I have an incredible story to tell you about my vacation.
the place where someone or something is going to.
destination
→ The destination of this plane is Munich, Germany.
a lack of experience of difficult or complex things in life
innocence
Everyone who meet her found her innocence to be charming.
something does not have a bright color.
pale
→ The girl’s skin was very pale.
cloth used to make clothes, furniture, etc.
Fabric
→ The towels were made from a soft fabric.
to need something for support or help
depend
My grandfather depends on a cane when he walks.
to keep something going.
sustain
→ Wind power is a clean way to sustain a city with energy.
to do better than they do
beat
I managed to beat everyone in the race.
When someone or something is under control.
steady
→ The problem was hard but she remained steady and solved it.
to look at something very carefully.
scan
→ You must scan each person closely.
a thing that is typical of it
example
Cola is an example of a soft drink.
to give your full attention.
concentrate
→ I could not concentrate on my homework because the room was so loud.
an area that has different qualities from the ones around it.
zone
→ Firefighters often work in danger zones.
to watch something
observe
Helen observed the sun rising over the mountains.
One of 12 periods of time in one year
month
January is the first month of the year.
someone who makes unwise choices
fool
→ The girl was a fool for playing too close to the water.
a part of an animal’s body that sticks out from its rear or back
tail
Our dog wags its tail when it is happy.
to look at something
view
Micheal likes to view himself in the mirror.
to set something on fire.
burn
→ I burned some wood in the camp fire.
unique and different
special
The cupcake was special because it had blue frosting.
a cloth hung over a window or used to divide a room.
curtain
→ She opened the curtains to let light into the room.
to make someone feel less excited about something.
discourage
→ Mr. Perry discouraged the students from quitting school.
to say you will do something for sure.
promise
→ He promised to return my key by tomorrow.
the part of something that is farthest from the center.
edge
→ He ran to the edge of the cliff.
the hard part of your head. Your brain is inside of it.
skull
→ The brain is protected by the skull.
a low area of land between two mountains or hills.
valley
→ We looked at the valley below from the top of the mountain.
a group of people who are related to each other
family
This house isn’t big enough for a family of seven.
to tell someone to do something
assign
→ I assigned the worker an important task.
when someone is lucky
fortune
→ I have good fortune when I play cards.
to cause problems and keep something from happening.
interfere
→ My little sister always interferes when I’m trying to study.
a person who lives in a certain place.
inhabitant
→ The number of inhabitants in the countryside is increasing.
a group of people who share the same area or interests (or people who live together)
community
We meet once a month to discuss community problems.
a pointed end of something
tip
The tip of his pen was very sharp.
to like it and help it be successful
support
Everyone at work supports the new plan.
the darkest color
black
Our street is black at night becasue there is no street lights.
something that blocks the way such as a fence or wall.
barrier
→ The Great Wall was a barrier between China and its enemies.
the center of most cities
downtown
The downtown area is filled with many tall buidings.
a narrow road behind houses or buildings.
alley
→ The alley behind my house looks dirty.
a certain amount of something.
quantity
→ I have a small quantity of milk in my glass.
when you are not afraid.
courage
→ The man had the courage to touch the lion.
to fight against someone or something.
struggle
→ The kids struggled with each other for the toy.
a person who is more than 18 years old
adult
My mom and dad are adults.
to control the public business of a country, state, or city.
govern
→ The United States is governed from the White House.
a person who makes things out of metal.
blacksmith
→ The blacksmith pounded the piece of metal until it was flat.
a lot of rain or snow
storm
Did that storm wake you up last night?
not able to see; having no sight.
blind
→ The blind man didn’t see the hole and almost fell in.
when you are happy with yourself.
pride
→ I take pride in getting good grades.
the direction from which you look at something.
angle
→ The giraffe turned its head to see from another angle.
to move something higher
lift
The man tried to lift the box.
something that is sent into space to get information.
satellite
→ The satellite was traveling around the earth.
to stay alive.
survive
→ My dog survived her fall into the water.
to make someone sad
depress
→ The bad news from work depressed the man.
to annoy someone.
irritate
→ She was irritated when her brother told her that he had lost her camera
to close off all sides of.
surround
→ We surrounded the suspect on all four sides.
to place responsibility on for a mistake or fault.
blame
→ My mom blamed me for something I didn’t do.
a small electric light that you carry in your hand.
flashlight
→ We took a flashlight when we went camping.
cut something into two parts that are the same size
half
The machine can divide the book in half.
to give an idea or plan about it
suggest
He suggested that we go to see his boss.
a set of instructions for cooking a certain type of food
recipe
Do you use a recipe when you make that sauce?
the hair that a sheep has
Wool
→ Grandma wants to use the blue wool to knit me a sweater.
when two or more things are equal
balance
A good balance between work and fun helps keeps you healthy.
to turn around in circles.
spin
→ The boy kept spinning until he fell down.
to choose something
select
→ I hope that I selected the right answers on the test.
to be worthy of something as a result of one’s actions.
deserve
→ The dog deserved a bone for behaving very well.
to show, point or make something clear.
indicate
→ He pointed to his eyes to indicate where he had hurt himself.
a fact or something that is right.
truth
→ He was telling the truth about seeing a large green snake.
the wish to hurt, bother, or embarrass a person
out of spite (because of spite)
She broke it just out of spite.
He told my secret out of spite.
If something will probably happen. / adj
likely
→ I will likely stay at home and watch TV tonight.
( likely - likelier - likeiest )
to move part of your body so that it is not straight or so that you are not upright
bend
“Lee bent over and picked up the paper on the ground.”
(bend - bent - bent)
clever; intelligent
smart
The smart boy taught himself how to read.
an amount of money that a person or company asks for a service
fee
→ I had to pay an hourly fee to speak with my lawyer.
to see it for the first time
notice
Did you notice the view?
down the length of a road, river, etc.
along
Walk along this tunnel for ten minutes, and you’ll see a door on the left.
to wish that something didn’t happen.
regret
→ I regret that I was mean to my sister.
to be real.
exist
→ Do you really think that unicorns ever existed?
to be unhappy about something.
upset
→ She was upset because she broke her toy.
where the sky looks like it meets the ground.
horizon
→ The sun clipped below the horizon.
to judge what is good or bad in
criticize
→ He criticized his wife for spending too much money.
something you work toward
goal
Her goal was to become a doctor.
used to express the need to do something because of duty or responsibility.
ought
→ I ought to take my library books back
a person who is very good at something
master
My brother is a master of taekwondo.
to happen; occur
arise
→ Difficulties arose with his computer because it was old.
-When did the problem arise?
=happen, occur, take place, come up, crop up (informal), come to pass (archaic or literary), begin, start, appear, surface, evolve, commence (formal)
to not do something that you usually do or should do
Skip
→ He skipped work to get more sleep.
it is large from side to side
wide
The door was as wide as my arms.
it is related to your body and not your mind
physical
Biking is good for your physical health.
typical of a class or category
classic
My aunt owns a classic Mustang.
the part of a house where people put their cars
garage
→ My car does not get dirty because I keep it in the garage.
to communicate or make ideas known.
convey
→ That picture of a crying child conveys a feeling of sadness.
to find or figure out an answer to
solve
All students can easily solve the math problem.
it is not correct
false
If you think the answer is false, press the red button.
the center or halfway point.
middle
→ The Canadian flag has a maple leaf in the middle of it.
the act of allowing to enter a place.
Admission
→ The admission ticket to the movie was $5.
a job that you have to do but don’t like.
chore
→ It’s Nikki’s chore to do the dishes every Tuesday and Wednesday night.
when a doctor replaces or removes something in the body
operation
The operation on my arm was a success.
to get something you want or need.
obtain
→ After I passed the test, I obtained my driver’s license.
When someone feels fear.
afraid
→ The woman was afraid of what she saw.
something bad that might happen.
threat
→ Due to the dark clouds, there was a threat of a bad storm.
not with another person
alone
The boy wanted to be alone to think.
to leave some place so you can go to another place.
depart
→ The plane departed for Italy at 3:00 this afternoon.
a group of the same things.
bunch
→ She was hungry, so she ate the entire bunch of grapes.
To like someone or something very much
love
I love my family very much.
used to say something has not happened up to now
yet
We can’t go out yet; we’re still eating.
a job that you do for a large part of your life
career
He was in the hospitality business for most of his career.
people who tell the truth
sincere
→ He sounded sincere when he apologized to me.
an indication giving information, directions, a warning, etc.
sign
The sign indicated that today would be a bad day.
to move out to cover a larger area
spread
I like to spread butter on my toast.
besides or in addition to something.
Moreover
→ It’s cold outside. Moreover, the wind is very strong.
to make it do what you want
control
To control the TV, just push the bottoms.
to show how it is done
demonstrate
The dance teacher demonstrated the jumps she wanted us to learn.
to take it and then give it back later
borrow
Can I borrow a pencil to use today? I’ll give it back to you tomorrow.
very small
tiny
→ A baby’s hand is tiny.
the opinion that people have about someone.
Reputation
→ The doctor had a reputation for helping people.
how much something costs.
price
→ What is the price of this item?
a marine organism that lives in colonies and has an external skeleton.
Coral
→ The diver admired the beautiful coral under the water.
when you know something is true
certain
I am certain that zebras have stripes.
a hard part of the body
bone
I brought home a nice bone for my dog.
to use experience and intelligence to make good choices.
wise
→ Many people believe that owls are very wise animals.
about many people in a community
social
People should come together and fix the world’s social problems.
to get ready for something.
prepare
→ I prepared my speech to the class.
A place where you go to read books
library
The Central library is full of books.
to change something so it works better.
adjust
→ He adjusted the old guitar to make it sound better.
a contest to see who is the fastest
race
Paul is a fast runner, so he easily won the race.
The son of a king
prince
The Prince and Princess were married.
the leader of a group of people.
chief
→ The chief led the people through the mountains.
to try very hard to get them to do something
urge
he urged them to believe his story.
a group of people who interact and share a culture
society
Society expects people to be good and honest.
If you do not see something very often.
rare
→ It is rare for him to miss his flight.
capable of being but not yet in existence.
Potential
→ I’ve thought of some potential problems with your idea.
a high body temperature that people get when they are sick.
fever
→ Lydia had a high fever so she didn’t go to school.
a short kind of writing
poem
Rumi wrote many poems.
to give information by talking, writing, etc.
communicate
→ I communicated with Paul about his new ideas.
to say something
remark
The teacher remarked on how quickly the students were learning.
a point on a scale that measures something
level
Please check the level of the temperature.
a state of being or existence
condition
The patient’s condition was very good.
to act in a particular way especially to be good
behave
I always behave and try to control my anger.
not exciting
dull
The movie was very dull. I felt asleep watching it.
a very young child that can neither walk nor talk
infant
→ The infant cried all night.
a person who does something against the law.
criminal
→ The police made sure the criminal couldn’t move his hands.
a place where a bird lays its eggs.
nest
→ The bird laid her eggs in the nest that she made.
a short private road that leads to a person’s home
driveway
The long driveway led us to their new house.
to try not to let others see you.
hide
→ The other children will hide while you count to 100.
a mistake; error.
fault
→ It is my fault that the cat ran away. I left the door open
a quality that makes someone or something special
magical
The fireworks made the night sky look so magical.
a person who has recently arrived at a place or a group.
newcomer
→ The students happily welcomed the newcomer to the school.
good-looking or beautiful
lovely
→ The trees look lovely in the fall.
the act of washing or soaking something in order to clean, refresh, or heal.
bath
→ After playing in the dirt, the boy took a bath.
of a lower position or rank.
junior
→ When she started at the company, she was only a junior manager.
a situation is a way of thinking about it or understanding it
perception
Since he couildn’t see, his perception of life was was much different than mine.
when somthing happens many times
often
He often goes to bed early during the week.
to hold or have something
contain
I have to find something to conatin these apples.
to put it somewhere
set
Please set the dice down on the table.
a person who moves to a different country.
immigrant
→ My parents were immigrants. They came from Poland.
a round thing on a vehicle that turns when it moves.
wheel
→ A car has four wheels.
used as a title for a deity in some religions
lord
→ The lord of the town was not kind.
to put it onto paper
Make sure that you print your name clearly.
excellent: extraordinarily good
fantastic
→ The student did a fantastic job on his project and got an award.
A charactristic of a person or thing
attribute
He isn’t very clever but he does have some other positive attributes.
a type of substance found in the Earth.
mineral
→ Rocks are made up of different kinds of minerals.
a story
tale
→ She told her two friends about the wild tale of her day.
the power to do impossible things
magic
The magician used magic to pull a rabbit out of his hat.
to successfully fix a problem
overcome
→ She overcame her shyness and spoke in front of the class
an amount of money paid to use a bus, train, or taxi
fare
Since he is a senior, my grandfather pays a low fare for the bus.
a place where you go to be safe.
refuge
→ When it started to rain, she found refuge in the house.
to hit something softly with your hand.
pat
→ I patted some lotion onto my face.
a piece of work to be done that is usually difficult.
task
→ My task for the weekend was to clean the entire back yard.
fundamentally important rule or quality
cardinal
→ Raising your hand in the classroom before you speak is a cardinal rule.
a business where people sit and eat food
restaurant
Let’s eat at the indian resturant.
a picture made by using a camera
photograph
I took this photograph with my cell phone.
any imaginary frightening creature that looks strange.
monster
→ The monster scared everyone in the village.
A person’s strength or power
force
He used all his force to try and open the door.
to make believe something is real.
pretend
→ The boy liked to pretend he was a king.
the word for the number 7
seven
We close the store at seven.
something is worth a lot of money.
value
→ Matthew found a treasure of very high value.
how much money a person makes at his or her job
salary
He got a new job with a better salary.
he or she does it by chance
happen
I happened to meet some new friends at school today.
a feeling a person gets from their senses.
sensation
→ Mom got a painful sensation in her head from the loud noise.
to successfully do it after trying hard
achieve
»I was happy that I could achieve my goal.
to go away or not be seen
disappear
The top of the building is disappearing in the clouds.
the top of a room.
ceiling
→ He painted the ceiling with a special roller.
what you are like and how you behave
personality
John has a bad personality.
it is made to look real in order to trick people.
fake
→ The model was wearing fake eyelashes.
about something that you are sure of it.
confidence
→ I have confidence that I did well on the test.
something printed, like a newspaper or book.
publication
→ She’s been a subscriber to that publication for over ten years.
to give them food or drinks
serve
He served us our drinks quickly.
to officially choose between two or more things.
vote
→ I voted for Billy to be our class president.
an idea about what the weather will be like in the future.
forecast
→ The forecast says that it will rain all week.
the way to do something
method
One method to remember things is to tie a string around your finger.
a strong material people use to build things.
Metal
→ Steel is a common metal that is used to build buildings.
a round containerto put things in.
bucket
→ I filled the bucket with water.
to explain what something means.
interpret
→ The woman interpreted what her co-worker was trying to say.
someone or something important
significant
→ I read many significant novels as a literature major in university.
a plant which makes grain. Wheat grain is used to make bread.
Wheat
→ The field of golden wheat was ready to be harvested.
something that is difficult to understand or explain
mystery
The path on the map was a complete mystery to me.
what is used to make something
material
Brick is a good material for build houses.
place where criminals are kept
jail
He was sent to jail for taking other people’s cars.
the air that goes into and out of one’s lungs.
breath
→ You can’t take a breath under water.
a flat piece of wood.
board
→ The sign was made of a few wooden boards.
to pick something or make a decision
choose
I have to choose between taking art classes and sport lessons.
to move on top of water without sinking.
float
→ The boy’s toy boat floated in the pool.
to take someone property by using force
rob
→ A thief has robbed me of my passport.
to have the same sounds at the end of a word.
rhyme
→ Humpty Dumpty is an old rhyme that children learn in school.
to show something by drawing a picture.
illustrate
→ The executive illustrated the decreasing profits of the company.
a place where someone can enter an area.
entrance
→ The gate was locked, so Bill had to find a different entrance.
A room where a scientist works
laboratory
My mother works in a laboratory.
something designed to do a certain task like play music
instrument
My favorite musical instrument is the piano.
The sound made when someone is happy or a funny thing occurs
laugh
The sound of her laugh filled the room.
a book is to get it printed and ready to sell.
publish
→ That company publishes daily newspapers.
a food made from flour and water cake
bread
You need two pieces of the bread to make a sandwich.
a long, soft seat that many people can sit on.
couch
→ Kim and M artin’s new couch was very expensive.
to go and spend time in another place or see another person
visit
She wants to visit her grandmother.
not good; naughty.
bad
she is unhappy beacuse she had a bad day.
a way from one place to another that people can walk along.
path
→ We followed a path through the woods.
to exist in such a large amount that someone cannot deal with it
overwhelm
The amount of homework her teacher assigned has overwhelmed her.
to plan or get ready for an event
organize
Make a list to help you organize the things you need.
to remember something
recall
→ She was trying to recall what she had told her friend.
when something is very good
great
Backgammon is a great, exciting game!
letters and other things sent to people
I get a lot of mail because I have friends all over the world.
when something is enjoyable
fun
The kids had a fun time at the birthday party.
mean and not polite.
rude
→ The children at the bus stop were very rude.
a time when food is eaten, such as breakfast, lunch, or dinner
meal
Breakfast is my favourite meal becasue I enjoy cereal
the relationship between people who are friends
friendship
Michael and Lisa have a very strong friendship with each other.
an important part of something
feature
The cell phone has many features.
a book in which people write their personal experiences.
diary
→ I do not let anybody read my diary.
material made by weaving threads of cotton, wool, nylon, or other fibers; fabric.
Cloth
→ His shirt is made of a very soft type of cloth.
a fight between two armies during a war.
battle
→ The battle lasted for many days.
it is meant for everyone to use
public
I went to the public park to play with my friends.
to slide and fall down
slip
→ The man slipped on the wet floor.
something is very clear and beautiful.
pure
→ The rose was pure. It had no dirt or imperfections.
to make your arms or legs reach out.
stretch
→ She stretched her body before exercising.
suddenly blow air out of your nose and mouth.
sneeze
→ He sneezed after smelling the flower
to put part of something into a liquid for a short time.
dip
→ Laurel dipped her strawberry into the chocolate.
it is right
proper
It is not proper to throw your garbage on the road.
to do something that makes something easier for someone else
help
Jane can help Nathan climb up the rock.
someone who is unkind or cruel.
Mean
→ My co-worker is a very mean person. He gets angry very quickly.
something very big
huge
At work, my father drives a huge truck.
you talk about something different
else
I wanted a bike for my birthday, but I got something else.
a flavor for food and drinks.
spice
→ Two common spices found in many homes are salt and pepper.
to have something more than you need
plenty
The school had plenty of books for the students to read.
a thought about a person or a thing
opinion
Meg told me her opinion of my story. She said it was not funny.
a really bad thing that happens.
disaster
→ When the car crashed, it was a disaster.
If something lasts for a long time or forever.
permanent
→ We don’t know if Aunt Mildred’s visit will be a permanent one.
something and not decorated.
plain
→ He bought a pair of plain white shoes over the weekend.
make somebody laugh
amuse
→ The singer was very good. She amused the crowd.
it is precise or exact
specific
Please choose a specific place on the map.
the act of using your teeth to cut and tear into something
bite
how far it is between two things
distance
→ The distance between the Earth and the Moon is 384,400 kilometers.
to become very cold.
freeze
→ If you don’t wear your coat in winter, you will freeze.
a line on a person’s face that happens as they get old.
wrinkle
→ My grandfather has some wrinkles on his face.
an amount of money that people have.
fund
→ We all put money into our club’s fund.
to fire something like a bullet at someone or something
shoot
The hunter raised his gun to shoot at the target.
a series of actions that are always performed in the same way, especially as part of a religious ceremony
ritual
Ken was very interested to learn about the religious rituals of the natives.
a person who rides in a car, train, or airplane
passenger
One passenger was standing in the subway train.
to surprise them very much
amaze
The news in the paper amazed Jack.
a person that goes into outer space.
astronaut
-* The astronaut was walking on the moon.
someone is to listen and give advice about a problem.
counsel
→ The teacher counseled the girl about her troubles.
to have it
own
I bought this house with my own money.
truly; really
Indeed
→ The birthday party was indeed fun last night.
to move by turning over and over.
roll
→ You must roll the ball into the pins when you bowl.
the way they feel and think beauty
attitude
He has a bad attitude toward homework.
a way to solve a problem
solution
There are many problems. We need solutions
to move slowly on your hands and knees.
crawl
→ The baby crawled across the floor.
a small animal with a long, thin body.
worm
→ Worms are often used to help catch fish
the sound of someone’s voice. It shows how they feel.
Tone
→ My father’s tone told me I had broken the rule.
a thing that stands for something else
symbol
This symbol tells us that we cannot smoke in this area.
below or beneath something, and perhaps covered by it
underneath
→ The roots of a tree are located underneath the ground.
a strong metal that is used to make many objects.
iron
→ The horse had shoes made of iron.
what you apply to make someone do something
pressure
They put pressure on her to change her mind.
A place (of a town, city, building, or event)
site
We found a perfect site for our picnic.
an injury to the body
wound
→ He had many wounds after the car accident.
a small fruit that grows on a bush. There are several types of them, some of which can be eaten.
berry
→ The berry looked delicious.
to some degree, but not to a large degree
Somewhat
→ James was somewhat upset when he had to move some boxes.
when something is normal or something that usually happens
typical
My typical breakfast is toast and eggs.
to kill someone as a legal punishment.
execute
→ Some people are executed for serious crimes.
the outside top part of a building
roof
→ The roof was covered with snow.
good enough
satisfactory
→ Mina often received satisfactory grades since she studied so hard.
to look like someone
resemble
→ The baby resembles his father a great deal.
to go to a place that may be dangerous.
venture
→ Even though it was dangerous, they ventured up the mountain.
a stick of wax that is lit on fire for light or heat.
candle
→ When the lights went out, we lit some candles.
to think of them in a certain way
regard
The boy regarded the girl as a good friend.
in a severe or harmful way.
badly
→ He hurt his arm badly playing with friends.
a period of 365 days or twelve months
year
I arrived here two years ago.
to make them feel better
comfort
I wanted to comfort my friend after I heard the bad news.
something is wide and solid
thick
→ The fog was so thick that I couldn’t see through it.
something creative that expresses ideas and feelings
art
Poems, paintings, and ballets are all examples of art.
a building where things are made or put together
factory
We have only one factory in our town.
a fact or object that helps solve a mystery or crime.
clue
→ The detective found some clues on the sidewalk.
a starting place or position
from
We ran from his house to mine.
to move back and forth; or up and down quickly
shake
When people shake hands, it ususally means they agree.
to know it because you have seen it before
recognize
I recognized an old friend from many years ago.
a bag made of strong thread. It is used to catch animals.
net
→ The boy caught butterflies in his net.
when someone is not guilty of a crime.
innocent
→ The judge said that the woman was innocent of the crime.
somethingis in the direction of north
northern
→ It is much colder in northern countries than it is here.
a place where something happens.
spot
→ The kitchen is a good spot to eat meals.
People who do not believe that they are better than other people.
humble.
→ Even though Bob is the smartest boy in his class, he is humble.
everything in the physical world that is not made by people
nature
On the weekend, I love to walk in nature among the trees.
When something is not held in place well.
loose
→ The bolt was loose, so I tightened it with the wrench
someone who quietly takes things that do not belong to them
thief
A thief broke into our home and took my mother’s jewelry.
to a very high degree
extremely
I was extremely worried about her.
a plant whose leaves are smoked, such as in cigarettes.
tobacco
→ The tobacco in cigarettes is bad for your health.
A period of time that is seven days long
week
What are you doing next week?
soft, wet dirt
Mud
→ My brother played rugby in the mud. Now he’s dirty.
a feeling you get when something bad or challenging ends.
Relief
→ I felt a sense of relief when I heard the good news.
they are not awake
asleep
→ The baby has been asleep for hours.
damage to something so bad that it can’t be fixed.
Destruction
→ After the big fire, there was much destruction in the city.
you are being very honest.
frank
→ The teacher had a frank discussion with her students
to wrap something around itself or another thing.
twist
→ She twisted the spaghetti around her fork.
an animal that lives with people.
pet
→ Out of all my pets, the dog is my favorite.
run after someone and try to catch them
chase
I was chased by a dog.
the first or most simple thing.
elementary
→ Children go to elementary school before high school.
When something slowly gets softer and is destroyed.
rot
→ The old log began to rot in the forest.
you go first and it follows you
lead
I will lead you to the right place.
a very large number: 1,000,000,000.
billion
→ There are billions of stars in outer space.
a chance to do something
opportunity
I had an opportunity to take pictures in the jungle.
a place where actors or musicians act or sing
stage
A large screen was on the stage.
an exciting feeling
thrill
→ The boys enjoy the thrill of surfing a big wave.
to start something again after taking a break
resume
→ I put the newspaper down to eat breakfast. Then I resumed reading.
to acknowledge that something is true
admit
→ I had to admit that I stole his idea.
the final part of it
conclusion
At the conclusion of the race, the spectators cheered for the winner.
it deals with work that uses special skills
professional
If you want to be a pilot, you must have professional training.
easily hurt
sensitive
→ My teeth are sensitive to cold things.
two children born at the same time
twins
→ My sister and I are twins. We look exactly the same.
something you give someone
gift
Dave received many gifts for Christmas.
it happens before a certain time
already
It is already time for the movie to start. Let’s go in.
a group of people who live in the same culture.
tribe
→ There’s a small tribe of people who live in the mountains of Spain
it actually exists
real
The handbag has a stamp on it, so it’s real.
to begin doing something
start
Have you started your homework?
to go behind someone and go where they go.
follow
→ The little boy followed his mother home.
humble: unwilling to draw attention to your own achievements or abilities
modest
→ Derek is very modest for someone who is so rich.
a very large building. It is often the home of a royal family.
palace
→ The king and queen live in a beautiful palace
tasty food
delicious
I loved the delicous fried chicken I ate for launch.
they are the oldest or have been there the longest
senior
→ Because he got his job first, Bob is the senior chef.
to involve somebody in an activity, or become involved or take part in an activity
engage
→ Dad was engaged in sawing a piece of wood in half.
any specific material or mixture of materials
substance
→ Water is an important substance for all living things.
how an area of land looks
landscape
The landscape of the country is very green.
a school building where students live.
dormitory
→ I will move into the dormitory at the beginning of the school year.
behaving in a pleasant, kind way toward someone.
friendly
→ The friendly animals came up to the girl.
it is likely to happen
probably
If it snows a lot tonight we probably won’t have school tomorrow.
to hit something many times with a lot of force.
pound
→ He pounded the nail with the hammer.
to be right.
correct
→ All of my answers on the test were correct.
a science that deals with energy and how it affects things.
Physics
→ In physics class, we used Newton’s Cradle to learn about energy.
a large number or amount of people, animals, things, etc.
lot
→ There are a lot of apples in the basket.
a fact that shows something is real.
Proof
→ They used his fingerprint as proof for the crime he committed.
to recognize differences between things
distinguish
→ The twins look exactly the same. It is hard to distinguish between them.
it is done in an official way.
formal
→ It was a formal dinner, so we wore our best clothes.
to buy something
purchase
→ I recently purchased a new car.
to fall in small drops
drip
→ I heard water dripping from the faucet.
when something happens often
frequently
We meet frequently, either at the begining or end of the week.
something does not have anything in it.
empty
→ My gas tank was almost empty, so I couldn’t drive my car very long.
very clean or organized well.
neat
→ My sister always keeps her bedroom very neat.
they are not strong and can be damaged easily
fragile
The fragile glassware was carefully packed into boxes.
to make the effort to do something
bother
No one bothered to wash the dishes today
a way that something is not like other things
difference
The biggest difference between birds is the colors of their feathers.
to try to do something
attempt
→ I am attempting to learn English.
to make or grow something
produce
New drugs are producing remarkable results.
sixed or steady; not likely to move, change or fail
stable
→ The chair is stable. Its legs are strong.
there are many types of it
various
She owned shoes of various styles.
an opinion about what to do
advice
I don’t know how to study for my exams. Can you give me some advice?
study of and reaction to substances.
Chemistry
→ In chemistry class, the professor taught us about chemical reactions.
to travel a long distance to get to work.
commute
→ I usually commute to work on the train.
it happens often and in equal amounts of time
regular
Our regular lunch time is around noon.
A test that you do to see what will happen
experiment
The student did an experiment in science class.
to protect someone or something from attack.
defend
→ The soldiers defended the town from the invaders.
in a way or by some means which is not known.
Somehow
→ He somehow had to find a way to reach the life preserver.
to be touching something or opposed to it.
against
→ They both leaned against the wall.
to say that something was done in a good way.
well
→ The couple can dance quite well.
to continue or go on for an amount of time.
last
→ The football match lasted for nearly two hours.
to move something up and away from a surface after hitting it.
bounce
→ Owen bounced the ball on the ground.
a grave where a dead person is buried
tomb
→ Their whole family is buried inside the tomb.
to take in or soak up
absorb
He used a sponge to absorb the water on the floor
to put objects into something
load
The man loaded the boxes into a truck.
to talk about and promote a religious idea.
preach
→ Aaron often preached about living an honest life.
to describe or draw attention to a product or event by using a public medium
advertise
The women started a new company and needed to advertise her products.
you get more of something
gain
→ I gained some weight over the summer.
to let someone do something
permit
→ I was sick, so my mother permitted me to stay home from school.
a particular part of something
element
→ Tackling an opponent is Johnny’s favorite element of American footbal.
part of a coat that goes over your head.
hood
→ She put on her hood to keep her head warm.
when something happens very quickly
sudden
He felt a sudden pain in his chest.
to look at it carefully
examine
The doctor examined my eyes today.
If something is far away
distant
→ Michael could barely see the distant island.
a cart you use to carry heavy things.
wagon
→ He used his wagon to carry some of his gifts.
to search for something or learn about it
investigate
→ The detective went to investigate the crime.
when someone wants to speak loudly or fight
angry
→ She didn’t do her homework, so her father is angry.
the thing that trees are made of
wood
I put the pieces of wood in a pile.
very great fear
terror
→ I felt a sense of terror when the tiger chased me.
to follow what a law or a person says you must do.
obey
→ My little sister did not obey my mother. Now she is in trouble.
quickly; at a fast pace or in a short time
rapidly
The train moved rapidly on the tracks.
to think about it and pay attention to it
focus
My mom always helps me to focus on my school work.
all of the salt water that surrounds land
ocean
→ The ocean can make powerful waves.
,you show respect for.people or things
honor
→ I honor my science teacher by working hard in class
the way that something happens, or the way that something is organized or done
basis
→ My grandfather gets his hearing checked on a yearly basis.
a mountain with a hole on top where hot liquid comes out.
volcano
→ When the volcano erupted, smoke and heat filled the air.
a type of heavy, wet soil used to make pots.
Clay
→ She made a bowl out of the clay.
the dark area that is made when something blocks light.
shadow
→ The man’s shadow was taller than he was.
to briefly stop someone when they are doing something.
interrupt
→ My mother interrupted me when I was trying to listen to music.
land in the middle of water.
island
→ Galápagos is a group of islands.
When a person is not in danger.
safe
→ Put on your seat belt in the car to be safe.
to move your head up and down.
nod
→ I nodded my head as I listened to the song.
to get something after a lot of effort.
secure
→ I was able to secure a good grade on my test after weeks of studying.
to take hold or gain control of by force or through planning
capture
→ James tried to capture the bubbles in his hands.
a time when someone needs help right away.
emergency
→ There is a huge fire in my house! This is an emergency!
to collect several things usually from different places.
gather
→ Sam gathered some flowers for his mother.
getting praise from other people.
Recognition
→ The hero got recognition for his brave deed.
your reaction when something unexpected happens
surprised
She was very surprised when her workmates presented her with a birthday cake and presents.
someone who haas a lot of money.
rich
→ He’s rich. He can buy anything he wants.
to get it
receive
I received a present on my birthday.
the front part of a person’s body under the neck
chest
→ The water in the lake was as high as my chest.
more than two but not many
several
He had to read several books for class.
a lack of something you need or want
shortage
→ Since there was a shortage of food, people were hungry.
not fat
thin
The man is thin because he didn’t eat much.
sign a bad condition or illness
symptom
→ Sneezing and a high fever are symptoms of the common cold.
something that shows what a person or a thing is like
characteristic
One characteristic of tigers is their black stripes.
to dislike something or act against it
oppose
→ I want to be a police officer because I oppose crime.
more important, powerful or easy to notice than other things
dominant
→ The gorilla is one o f the dominant animals in the jungle.
the ability to form opinions or decisions.
judgment
→ It’s good judgment to recycle your aluminum cans.
to take care of it
guard
The police officer will guard us from any harm.
the state of something being away.
absence
→ There is an absence of sand in the hourglass.
connect two negative possibilities
neither
Neither the pass on the left nor the pass on the right will lead us home.
completely or partially unable to hear in one or both ears
deaf
→ Susan was born deaf.
a long thin stick made of wood or metal that supports things
pole
The flag was hanging from the flag pole.
a tool people use to look at the stars.
telescope
→ With a telescope, you can see the moon and stars easily.
someone who gives lessons in a certain subject.
tutor
→ My sister is bad at math. So my mother hired a tutor to help her.
a person’s job
profession
→ He loved sailing, so he chose to work on ships as a profession.
a heavy shoe that goes over your ankle.
boot
→ He wore boots so that his feet wouldn’t get wet.
to go back to normal after something bad happens.
recover
→ I hope the city will recover soon after the flood.
it is at a higher level than something else
above
He straightened the sign that was above the crowd.
to cut something a little bit.
trim
→ I had my hair trimmed this afternoon.
A score or mark given to someone’s work
grade
I managed to get good grades on my report card.
someone who doesn’t get upset or angry easily
patient
I had to be patient and wait until 5 o’clock to leave.
plan to do something
intend
→ I intend to finish college in three years.
food made of animals
meat
This piece of meat I’m eating tastes very good.
a situation when something goes wrong
problem
My problem is that I lost my dog.
things people and animals eat
food
Pasta is a famous food in Italy.
someone has a lot of worries and fear.
anxiety
→ When I have to climb to high places, I’m filled with anxiety.
a small part in furniture that is used to store things.
drawer
→ I put my clothes into the empty drawers.
a solid piece of wood, stone, or ice
block
I saw a block of ice on the floor.
by the smallest amount, almost not
barely
I barely had enough money to pay for my bus ticket.
to move through water
swim
I love to swim in the ocean.
a building, bridge, framework, or other object that has been put together from many different parts
structure
→ They just built a beautiful new structure downtown.
happy or satisfied
pleased
→ She was pleased with the phone call she received.
a pool of liquid on the ground
puddle
When the ice melted, it formed a puddle.
the person in charge of a city.
mayor
→ The mayor o f my hometown is quite a powerful speaker.
the flavor something makes in your mouth
taste
→ The taste of the fruit was sweet.
food crops such as wheat, corn, rice or oats.
Grain
→ The farmer planted two fields of grain this year.
When something is below the surface of the Earth.
underground
→ Subway trains travel underground.
you are happy
glad
I am glad you came to my party.
a line of water that moves higher than the rest of the water.
wave
→ The water was filled with large blue waves.
to make someone sure of something.
convince
→ She convinced me to buy the house.
you go very fast
speed
Speeding is the cause of most car accidents.
to go to the other side of it
across
He walked across the board to the other side
a set of rooms in a building where people live
apartment
She has a nice apartment in the city.
to understand something
comprehend
→ Henry could not comprehend the message.
to like someone for what they do.
admire
→ I admire my brother for his hard work.
the condition of being safe and free from danger
safety
For his own safety, he was placed in a car seat.
to look at something carefully.
inspect
→ The mechanic inspected our car to see if it had any problems
a group of rocks or coral that rise to or near the ocean.
reef
→ He walked along the reef and looked at the water below.
the top part or outside of something
surface
→ The surface of the moon is very rough.
an animal with four legs and a tail that is kept as a pet or trained to work
dog
This woman’s best friend is her dog.
to angrily speak to someone because you do not agree.
argue
→ We argued about where to go for dinner.
a plate.
dish
→ She put a clean white dish on the table
food that a farmer grows.
crop
→ Wheat is a crop that is made into bread.
covers over something or is between two things.
layer
→ There was a layer of snow on the tops of the houses this morning.
it is in that place
situated
Situated on a hill, the house could be seen from far away.
a story in a newspaper or magazine
article
Did you read the article in the newspaper about the soccer game?
used as the plural of ‘person’ to refer to men, women, and children
people
How many people live in China?
something that is built over a river so people can cross it.
bridge
→ The old bridge fell into the river.
it is easily noticed or different from other things
distinct
→ That girl has distinct pink hair.
to say something officially.
declare
→ I declared my love for him.
a phrase with a meaning different from its words
idiom
The idiom“when pigs fly” means that something will never happen.
to give something to a charity or organization
donate
→ We donate money to Christmas charities every year.
to seriously discuss something with someone.
debate
→ The husband and wife debated over which TV to buy.
a small part of a city, county, state, or country.
district
→ I live in a residential district of Seattle, Washington.
to agree to something that is not exactly what you want
compromise
we both compromised about the game we decided to play.
it lasts for all time
forever
→ The young couple promised that they would love each other forever.
Sharp difference between two things
contrast
The contrast between my parents are very noticable.
to combine them into one whole thing
merge
The storm clouds merged into one large menacing cloud that filled the sky.
a shaking movement the body makes when someone is cold or scared
shiver
I got shivers on my way home because it was so cold.
A piece of equipment that takes pictures
camera
I bought my camera on my vacation.
to make people feel ashamed or foolish
embarrass
He was embrassed when he couldn’t remember her name.
an informal way to call a man
guy
→ The guy at the flower shop was really helpful today.
something that people wear like earrings or necklaces.
Jewelry
→ The woman looked beautiful with her nice dress and jewelry.
reasonable or right
fair
He sold me his car for a fair price.
to get somewhere
arrive
They arrived at school at 7 a.m.
all of something.
Whole
→ I ate the whole pie. We don’t have any more.
to trust or depend on something
rely (on)
→ The boy relied on his older brother to help him.
a person who is not free and must work for someone else.
slave
→ The slave worked very hard all day long.
people who wants to hurt someone.
violent
→ The man was put into jail because he was violent.
to travel on it
ride
I will ride a roller-coaster for the first time today.
a large group of people who fight in wars.
army
→ The army protects all the people in the country.
a hard covering that protects the body of some sea creatures.
shell
→ There were many pretty shells on the beach.
natural material and has not been processed.
raw
→ The company dumped raw sewage into the river.
the price to pay for something
charge
The charge for the shirts was $15.00.
how long it is from one end to the other
length
The length of the floor is three meters.
a game or a race
contest
→ The girls had a contest to see who could jump higher.
to depend on something in order to solve a problem.
resort
→ I hope they don’t resort to violence to end the argument.
a feeling of shame
Disgrace
→ He felt a sense of disgrace after failing his big exam.
to make a person want to do something.
inspire
→ I was inspired to write a poem after watching the sunrise.
used to talk about a past event still happening now.
since
→ Since 1992, he has been driving that car.
a number that tells a fact about something.
statistic
→ The statistics showed that we did just as well this year as last year.
a group of people who watch something together.
audience
→ There was a large audience at the game.
When you are not asleep.
awake
→ Sometimes I lay awake in bed because I am not tired.
to stop doing something for a while.
pause
→ Since she was so hungry, she paused to make a snack.
to need someone or something
depend
→ Children depend on their parents for many things.
a place where children go to learn
school
The students study at school.
to have something or own it
possess
My uncle possesses three sheep, a chicken, a cow and a dog.
the way a court discovers if a person is guilty or innocent
trial
→ He went on trial for robbing the bank.
a bad storm that happens over the ocean.
hurricane
→ The wind from the hurricane bent the palm tree.
to hold something
grasp
→ He grasped the bag o f money tightly.
to use your nose to sense something
smell
My girlfirend smelled the flower.
an object that can be used to hurt people.
weapon
→ Swords have been used as weapons for thousands of years.
large in size, amount or extent.
considerable,
→ They paid a considerable amount of money for that car.
make something less than it was before.
decrease
→ Hiring more police officers has decreased crime in the city.
to make a loud noise with your mouth.
scream
→ The girl saw a spider and screamed.
a type of worker
clerk
The clerk added up her bill for the groceries.
to make someone agree to do something.
persuade
→ The children persuaded their parents to buy them gifts.
something someone writes for school or work
report
Karen had trouble writing her report.
the place that some people believe people go when they die.
Heaven
→ When I die, I hope that I go to heaven.
to include as an active participant
involve
The whole family was involved in playing the game.
in fact or really
actually
I call her Aunt Emily, but she is actually my cousin.
to suddenly understand
realize
After I left my house, I realized that I left the light on.
to go back to a place.
return
→ I was happy to return home to my mom after school.
to believe that someone is honest and will do what is right.
trust
→ I trust my friends; they don’t tell my secrets to other people.
the way someone is feeling
mood
→ I am in a good mood because I did well on my math test.
a strong feeling of not liking someone or something.
hatred
→ I have a hatred for the taste of medicine.
Not any of something; no person or thing; not one.
none
He spent all of his money; There is none left.
except on the condition that
Unless
→ Unless you clean your room, you cannot play with your friends.
it is at a normal level
average
I’m not rich or poor; I’m average.
a raised area of land
hill
The sun was rising above the green hills.
needed; must be done.
necessary
A passport is necessary if you travel to other countries.
made of glass and you can see yourself in it
mirror
He spends hours in front of the mirror!
used when you say that something could happen.
Perhaps
→ Perhaps I will eat an apple for lunch.
to take someone to court for something wrong they did.
sue
→ I sued the company after I slipped on a banana peel in their hallway.
When a dog makes a short, loud noise.
bark
→ The dog barked loudly and frighteningly
the feeling of being scared.
fright
→ She was filled with fright.
a large body in outer space that circles around the sun or another star
planet
Saturn is the planet with the ring around it.
a long yellow fruit with soft white flesh inside
banana
Do you eat a banana for breakfast?
to complete something that you planned or tried to do.
succeed
→ He will continue to work on the robot until he succeeds.
having to do with love
romantic
→ The young couple went to see a romantic movie.
to say or write something to get an answer
ask
Please ask questons if you don’t understand.
to say something loudly, usually due to being excited.
exclaim
→ “Look at her dress!” Sara exclaimed.
a day that celebrates something from the past.
anniversary
→ My parents went out to eat for their wedding anniversary.
a clear liquid that people need to survive
water
Drink eight cups of water every day.
If something turns bad or rots
spoils
→ We left the fruit out too long, and it spoiled.
to do something quickly
hurry
I hurried home on my bike.
it is made to look like something natural
artificial
→ That soccer field has artificial grass, but it looks real.
one believes they can do something without failing
Confident
→ She was confident she could climb the mountain due to her training.
to look for something.
seek
If I have a problem, I seek my sister’s advice.
to think that it is true, even with no proof
assume
I assume you are both familiar with this plan.
to risk money on the result of a game or a business.
bet
→ How much will you bet that your horse will win?
When something is very thin.
narrow
→ The bridge is too narrow for a car to drive over.
to help to make something happen
contribute
We decided to contribute money to the new hospital.
to make someone happy.
satisfy
→ It will satisfy my teacher if I finish all my homework.
a country controlled by another country.
colony
→ The USA was at one time a colony of Great Britain.
someone who shows you where to go
guide
The librarian guided us to the books about Asian snakes.
when something is impossible or will not happen
never
They never eat meats because they are vegetarians.
to disturb suddenly, in a way that causes intense surprise, upset, or disgust
shock
→ The man was shocked by the news.
loudly: in a loud voice
aloud
→ My father often reads stories aloud to me and my sister.
an official piece of writing.
document
→ He was given an official document proving he was a citizen.
to say the sounds of letters or words.
pronounce
→ Young children often have trouble pronouncing words right.
bringing something good; sure; optimistic
positive
She has a positive future ahead of her after finishing college.
to make someone proud
impress
→ He was able to impress the girls with his new dance.
something you wear so people cannot tell who you are.
disguise
→ Everyone knew that it was Dad in the Santa disguise.
medical treatment when the doctor cuts open your body.
surgery
→ I needed surgery to repair my leg after the accident.
to say that something should be done
propose
My grandmother proposed that we have our picture taken with Santa.
to suggest it without saying it
imply
The man implied that he wanted the job, but he didn’t say so.
something is very far away and difficult to get to.
remote
→ It took many days to get to the remote island.
a school where people study for a degree
university
She’s at UBC University.
to push on it and move your hand back and forth.
rub
→ Mom’s feet were sore, so she rubbed them.
to cover something on all sides
wrap
→ I wrapped his gift and put a bow on it.
to damage something so badly that it cannot be used
destroy
The glass was destroyed.
to feel upset because you did something wrong or bad.
ashamed
→ He was ashamed when he found out that I knew about his past.
to bother someone
annoy
→ The flies buzzing around John’s head annoyed him very much.
the way someone does something
manner
→ His manner of not looking at someone while speaking, is a bit rude.
To ask someone to come to a palce or event
invite
I will invite my friends to my birthday party.
they are not together
separate
Vancouver and Montreal are two seperate parts of Canada.
something that holds an animal so it cannot leave.
cage
→ We put the parrots in their cage at night.
almost not at all; barely.
hardly
→ I hardly saw the concert since I had to leave early.
a substance that is neither solid nor gas.
liquid
→ Water is the most important liquid for life.
you come to understand it and find an answer
figure out
The game is complicated, so it took us some time to figure out how to play it.
To split something to smaller parts
divide
We divided the Pizza.
to say very quietly.
whisper
→ We have to whisper in the library so people can focus on reading.
to do something that they enjoy
entertain
The clown entertained the kids at the party.
the bones of a body.
skeleton
→ There is a skeleton in the science classroom.
used to show that something is possible or may be true.
Maybe
→ If I focus hard enough, maybe I can come up with the right answer.
to give it to someone for a short time.
lend
→ My sister lost her pen, so I will lend her mine.
a way in which something is done or organized
pattern
My pattern of brushing my teeth is the same as most people’s.
a thin flat piece of paper
sheet
I only needed a single sheet of paper to do my homework.
If something moves vertically higher.
upward
→ The kite went upwards further and further.
an amount of money that a person owes.
debt
→ I have not paid my gas bill. I owe a debt to the gas company.
a rock from outer space that falls to Earth.
meteor
→ We saw a meteor in the sky last night.
very bad or serious
severe
→ After hitting his hand with the hammer, Sam was in severe pain.
the act or possibility of picking something.
choice
→ I had my choice of five doors to open.
A group of water drops in the sky
cloud
The sky was filled with white clouds.
kept or acting within the rules or in an exact way.
strict
→ The teacher is strict. She does not let students talk in class.
after the present, expected, or usual time
later
She missed the train, so she’ll arrive a little later than expected.
an orange vegetable
carrot
I put a carrot in my salad.
to leave a job, usually because of old age.
retire
→ My father is sixty-five years old. He is about to retire from work.
a plan that tells you when to do things
schedule
What is your class schedule for today?
When you want to know more about something
curious
→ I opened up the clock because I was curious about how it worked.
the sound a person makes when they talk or sing.
voice
→ He used a microphone, so everyone could hear his voice.
a written agreement between two people.
contract
→ The woman signed a contract when she bought the house.
to have clothing on your body
wear
Susanna was wearing a black silk dress.
the act of doing or making something.
Labor
→ Building the house took a lot of labor.
a small room used to store things.
closet
→ Marie has many clothes inside o f her closet.
a building that is used for religious purposes.
temple
→ The people visited the temple to pray.
a woman with magical powers
witch
→ People think that witches fly around on broomsticks.
to find something
locate
I could not locate my keys in the house.
having the skill or power to do what is needed.
capable
→ The Olympic athlete is capable of lifting a lot of weight.
very good or much better than others
excellent
I got an excellent score on my school test.
someone who moves a lot or have a lot of things to do
active
It is important to be active and not sit around all the time.
a number or a set of similar things
range
I saw a range of cars to choose from
to eat dinner
dine
→ The young couple dined at their home.
the style or way a building is made
architecture
→ The architecture of the church is amazing.
you go down head first into the water
dive
I like sky-diving from an airlane.
(dive - dove/dived - dived)
when you are not comfortable and feel unhappy
tense
I felt very tense waiting to hear the resualt of the vote.
when you must choose between two things
whether
I could not decide whether to go left or right.
a record of information printed with an item on each line
list
She made a list of friends to invite to the party.
a well-known person or thing
famous
The Eifel Tower in Paris is very famous.
to group things together all in one place.
collect
→ I collected shells when I was younger.
a sweet food made from cacao beans
chocolate
I made a chocolate cake for my mom’s party.
to move your mouth to break up food.
chew
→ I always chew my food carefully before swallowing it.
be grateful for somebody or something
appreciate
I can appreciate the lovely scenery.
a long trip
journey
I went on a journey across the country with my parents.
a person in charge of a school.
principal
→ My school’s principal can be very strict with the rules.
to look for or search for an animal to kill.
hunt
→ Long ago, people hunted with bows and arrows.
When a plant makes flowers.
bloom
→ Roses look so pretty when they bloom.
the organ that pumps blood through the body of a person or animal
heart
My heart beats fast when I am nervous.
to make certain that something happens.
ensure
→ Eating good food ensures that we stay healthy.
When something is very bad
awful
Her performance last night was awful.
to use time doing something or being somewhere.
spend
→ I like to spend my free time fishing.
to notice or find something.
detect
→ The boy ran to the kitchen when he detected the smell of cookies.
a beautiful stone that is worth a lot of money.
jewel
→ A diamond is one of the most expensive jewels in the world.
to hit something lightly.
tap
→ He tapped the keys of the keyboard to write a short word.
to look at something or someone for a long time.
stare
→ The young couple stared into each other’s eyes.
If something will happen very soon.
shortly
→ My workday will end shortly.
when land is able to produce good crops and plants.
fertile
→ The farmer grew many vegetables in the fertile soil.
the way you act
behavior
Their behavior was good this semester. They didn’t cause trouble.
something is small enough or the right size to go there.
fit
→ The colorful eggs fit into the box
you deal with a problem
face
→ My sister and I have to find a better way to face our differences
it costs that amount
worth
Our house is worth a lot of money.
to go to a faraway place on vacation or business
travel
She will travel to Argentina this summer.
a book that tells you what words mean.
dictionary
→ I use the dictionary to learn new words.
a hard black rock that you burn for heat.
Coal
→ Many power stations burn coal to produce energy.
a thick piece of wood that is cut from a tree.
log
→ The fire was too small, so we added another log to it.
skill or talent in making things by hand or in the arts
craft
Shakespeare is known for his craft with words.
to work together to do something.
cooperate
→ The students cooperated to clean up the classroom.
a short sleep, usually during the day.
nap
→ I took a short nap because I stayed up late last night.
to do something to show that an event is special
celebrate
We all celebrated when we heard the great news.
A sport with eleven members and an oval-shaped ball
football
Football is a popular sport in the United States.
a part of something larger.
section
→ The green section of the graph is the most important part.
the reason that you do something
purpose
The purpose of exercising is to get into shape.
the person who controls a ship or airplane
captain
The captain sailed his ship to Australia.
what people consider normal or good
standard
This older model TV is below our store’s standards.
to move into a new place or direction.
shift
→ He shifted to the other side of the table to eat his breakfast.
it is the last part
final
In the final part of the film, the man and the woman got married.
clear and easily seen.
obvious
→ It was obvious that he was tired. He kept falling asleep.
used to be but is not anymore
former
The hotel, a former castel, was built over 200 years ago.
to make something work
fix
→ My dad has many tools to help him fix broken things.
when you have what you wanted
satisfied
I am very satisfied with your work.
when somethings happens after a longtime or at the end.
finally
→ He finally crossed the finish line after five hours of running.
a long sharp weapon.
sword
→ They used to use swords in battles in ancient times.
to hold onto something to move it toward
pull
The children pull the rope.
a nice man
gentleman
→ My grandfather is a kind and helpful gentleman.
hard to understand
complex
A jig-saw puzzle can be complex because it has so many pieces.
how tall someone or something is.
Height
→ My height is 168 centimeters.
to do something that makes you feel pain.
hurt
→ She hurt her leg falling down the stairs.
to use your eyes to look at something or someone
see
Steven does not want to see the scary picture.
you move in the direction in front of you
forward
When he saw his mother, the baby crawled forward to her.
the length of one step; stride
pace
I ran the race at a slower pace than my friend
make a guess about something
estimate
→ The boy estimated that he was one meter tall.
to be the same or similar
match
The two shoes matched. They looked the same.
to move quietly and slowly.
creep
→ The cat slowly crept down the tree.
the way of thinking about someone or something.
impression
→ Most people’s first impression of Dr. Giani is that he is mean.
do something in a nice way
kindly
→ The stranger kindly cared for the hurt man.
it has to do with your mind
mental
I made a mental picture of the room.
to suddenly break open or apart.
burst
→ The bomb burst over the city.
the way something is placed.
position
→ How can you sit in that position?
to tell or warn someone about something.
alert
→ The fire alarm alerted us that there was a problem.
a person or business that pays another to do a service
client
She has many clients who enjoy coming to her salon.
When something is normal or practical
rational
→ It is hard to think in a rational way when you are scared.
very fat
overweight
→ Roger eats too much, so now he’s overweight.
a person who works in an office.
secretary
→ Rebecca asked her secretary to type a report.
involves games like running, jumping, fooball and tennis
sport
She loves watching sport on TV.
a small piece of something with a round shape.
curl
→ The colorful ribbons were bent into curls.
a flat round thing that you put food on
plate
I put my plate down so I could put some food on it.
a person’s job
occupation
→ My father’s occupation is a dentist.
an artificial substance made from certain kinds of chemicals that can be easily shaped when soft
plastic
Many drinks are sold in plastic bottles.
being the only one of its type; sole; single.
unique
→ Everyone’s fingerprints are unique.
the study of the stars and planets.
Astronomy
→ Harold loved watching the stars, so he decided to study astronomy.
to be interesting or attractive
appeal
Sleeping all day appeals to me, but I have to go to school.
describes something that belongs to a king or queen.
Royal
→ The king sat upon the royal throne.
the act of getting closer to doing or finishing something.
Progress
→ Our company made financial progress this year.
wanting very much
eager
The man was eager to talk about the good news.
a story from the past.
legend
→ There is a well-known legend about a king and his queen.
the quality of a person being able to do something well.
Ability
→ His swimming abilities let him cross the entire lake.
to show that it is true
prove
My teacher proved the answer on the board.
when something is poorer quality than another thing
worse
Business was worse this month than last month.
something you remember
memory
The memory of my first time in the city will always be the best.
When something is not even or smooth.
rough
→ The rough ground hurt my feet.
the notice, thought, or consideration of someone
attention
His work got the attention of two of his co-workers.
it works well
effective
Swimming is an effective way to stay healthy.
to act like you do not see or hear something
ignore
→ I ignored the message he was making and kept studying.
a television or radio show.
broadcast
→ We watched the broadcast of the local news on TV.
to stop holding something
release
She released the bird from her hands.
the ability to learn and understand things.
intelligence
→ Because of his high intelligence, he finished school early.
they lack intelligence.
stupid
→ He said something stupid that made everyone angry at him.
to make a definite choice
decide
In a boxing match, judges decide the winner.
a type of door
gate
a part of your clothing where you can keep things
She always had her hands in her pockets.
to have it as part of a group
include
the things covering birds’ bodies.
feather
→ That bird has orange feathers on its chest.
study of living things
Biology
→ We learned about the human heart in biology class.
to do something in front of people who watch
perform
He will perform a song for the class.
old buildings that are not used anymore.
Ruins
→ I visited some interesting ruins in Greece.
something that someone owns.
Property
→ The house is now my property.
how good somthing is
quality
The quality of his car is very good.
to take something that is not yours
steal
The men tried to steal money from the bank.
to make something larger or more
increase
→ They’ve increased the price of gas by 15 cents!
just the right amount.
exact
→ Please use the exact amount of sugar for the cake.
acting in a thoughtful way
polite
The boy was very polite: he behaved very thoughtfully.
When something happens during the night.
overnight
→ The campers stayed in the tent overnight.
to make a sound by putting your lips together and blowing.
whistle
→ Ashe was listening to music, Daryl whistled.
you go closer to it
toward
an event where you listen to people play music.
concert
→ I enjoyed the concert last night. The band was very good.
someone who help people who are in need.
charitable
→ My sister was charitable enough to help me buy my first house.
to say strongly that you want something
demand
→ The workers demanded to be paid more money.
when you do not succed at what you try to do
fail
Since she failed to get the job, she was sad.
OK or good enough.
decent
→ Eric did a decent job painting the fence.
believe that something is true.
suspect
→ I suspect that those kids stole the money.
a violent burst, usually with a loud sound.
explosion
→ A nuclear explosion can cause great damage
a situation where someone is likely to lose.
disadvantage
→ Mike had a disadvantage in the race since he hurt his knee.
it exists for a short time
temporary
This car is temporary; I’ll get a new one soon.
something that scientists use in chemistry
chemical
The scientist mixed the chemical.
a body part used for standing and walking
leg
She hurt her leg.
a weapon made of curved wood and string that shoots arrows.
bow
→ He went hunting with a bow and arrow.
when certain things are all around you
among
there was a red apple among the green ones.
embarrassing and uncomfortable
awkward
→ After dropping his coffee cup, Robbie felt awkward.
To put or place in a horizontal or flat position
lay
Don’t lay your socks on the floor.
an object that swings or slides open and shut
door
Can you close the door, please?
When you have enough of something.
sufficient
→ After eating a sufficient amount of food, I left the table.
throughout a period or event
during
Did you sleep during the movie?
the way you think about something.
perspective
→ The man’s speech gave me a new perspective on our country.
Something difficult to complete
challenge
It was a challenge to climb to the top of the mountain.
to be dishonest so that you can win or do well.
cheat
→ They cheated on the test by sharing answers.
to not notice something, or to not realize that it is important.
overlook
→ Brenda overlooked the last step and had a bad fall.
the knowledge and ability that allows you to do something well.
skill
→ A snowboarder must have the right skills to do well.
to promise to do something
commit
→ Seth wanted to go home, but he had committed to finishing the job.
all the people who live in one house
household
Our household is made up of my father, my mother and me.
a strong feeling that something is correct or true
belief
a strong belief in God
to look for new places
explore
He wants to explore the world and see new things.
it is not close
far
It is far from East coast to West coast of Canada.
completely different
opposite
The opposite of black is white.
the edge of a large body of water.
shore
→ All of the boats were floating near the shore.
something that a living things needs to keep them alive.
nutrient
→ Vegetables are full of important nutrients.
to enda problem by finding a solution.
settle
→ It took three of our best executives all day to settle the problem.
to allow someone to have somthing
grant
→ The teacher granted us a break after studying hard all day.
right for the purpose; proper.
appropriate
It is appropriate to wear a suit when you go to the office.
a lack of fairness or justice
injustice
Putting an innocent person in jail is an act of injustice.
Someone who joins in a social events or competition
participant
There were thousands of participants in this year’s marathon.
used when you say that a situation keeps going on.
Still
→ They are still waiting in line to get tickets.
to say how two things are the same and different
compare
If you compare cats and doge, you will see that they’re both are good pets.
a home made by a spider
web
Mom cleaned the spider webs out of the garage.
a person who writes poems
poet
Rumi was one of the greatest poets.
to walk slowly and calmly
stroll
My dog and I strolled through the park today.
a condition that is not clean or neat.
mess
→ Heather’s room was a complete mess.
easy to see
apparent
→ Her happiness was apparent from the smile on her face.
to make something happen
cause
→ The cold weather caused her to get sick.
a place or thing does not exist.
nowhere
→ Unfortunately, water was nowhere to be found.
one person, a human being, or a person of a specified type
individual
→ Only one individual could win the bicycle race.
silly or strange
ridiculous
→ Steve looked ridiculous with those huge blue sunglasses.
something that is part of a food dish.
ingredient
→ The main ingredients in cake are eggs, sugar and flour.
the condition of the air: hot, rainy, windy, etc.
weather
→ The weather can be sunny, rainy, or cold
a goal someone wants to make happen.
aim
→ My aim is to become a helicopter pilot.
not covered by clothing
bare
→ He likes to walk around in his bare feet.
a feeling of not being sure
doubt
I have doubt that the story is true.
something that you put your head on when you sleep.
pillow
→ When I travel, I usually take along my favorite pillow.
from a greater distance or time
further
The escalator is further along than I thought.
to say or show that you will not do something that somebody has asked you to do
refuse
The dog refused to play with the cat.
something you do wrong.
error
→ I made an error on my report, so my boss was angry.
the food reguarly eaten by a person
diet
His diet mostly consists of fruits and vegetables.
to put two things together.
attach
→ I attached the socks to the clothesline to dry.
a person or thing of very great size, strength, power, or importance.
giant
→ The giant truck got in my way.
to the greatest degree possible; totally
completely
I was completely wrong.
an area of land without many plants or water
desert
Not many plants grow in the desert.
to make or produce, especially with difficulty.
forge
→ Stacy and Heather forged their friendship when they were teenagers.
means: for this reason
therefore
He is fat. therefore, he should go on a diet.
to have something inside.
contain
→ The mailbox contained a letter.
part of tree growing from trunk
branch
→ The monkey was hanging from a branch on the tree.
when people do not get enough to eat and sometimes die.
starve
→ During the war, many people starved.
something you do to fool another person.
trick
→ His card trick really surprised us
expected to take care of particular duties and jobs
responsible
→ I try to be responsible and save money.
a person who takes care of very young, old, or sick people.
caretaker
→ My grandmother’s caretaker helps her get around the house.
meet or come close to something
encounter
→ I encountered a sea turtle while I was swimming.
a religious person who lives a simple life.
monk
→ The monks knew a lot about religion.
to make them happy and interested
excite
I heard about the school dance on Friday. This excited me.
a regular action; a thing you do often
habit
Smoking is a bad habit that can kill you.
one part of a book or movie
scene
A movie is made up of many short pieces or scenes.
thick cloud that is near the ground or water.
Fog
→ I did not want to drive in the thick fog.
difficult: physically or mentally challenging
tough
→ The man passed his driving test even though it was very tough.
a very strong feeling of wanting to do something.
Passion
→ She had a passion for dancing.
an object that is used to climb up and down things.
ladder
→ He used a ladder to climb to the top of his tree house.
a person who teaches in college
professor
professor knows a lot about physics.
to be happy and not want more
content
The baby looked very content sitting on the floor.
to finish something
accomplish
→ He accomplished his goal of running ten miles.
kind and calm person
gentle
→ He is very gentle with the baby.
to use a special board to ride on waves in the ocean.
surf
→ The students went to the beach to surf during their vacation.
a house in the mountains, used by people who hunt or fish.
lodge
→ During our ski trip, we stayed at a lodge.
To say that something is true
claim
She claimed to know why the country’s laws were weak.
it involves more than one country
international
The United Nations is a powerful international organization.
a piece of clothing worn by people of the same group.
uniform
→ All the members of our marching band wear matching uniforms.
a small animal with long ears that lives in a hole in the ground
rabbit
Look at the rabbit in the park.
The eighth month of the year
August
Is your birthday in August?
to stop being active while the body gets back its strength
rest
I rested on the couch after work.
a stored amount of something
stock
→ They keep a stock of rice so they’ll always have something to eat.
to happen
occur
to make someone tired.
exhaust
→ John exhausted himself by swimming all day.
with same feelings
mutual.
→ Robert likes Sarah. The feeling is mutual.
to wait to do something
delay
→ I was delayed at the airport for over two hours
a problem or a difficulty
trouble
I have trouble working with my boss.
it goes straight between two places
direct
The green path is a direct route to my house.
a person who studies something and knows much about it.
scholar
→ The scholar knew much about art history.
to fight somebody by holding them and trying to throw or force them to the ground, sometimes as a sport
wrestle
→ My dad loved to wrestle when he was in high school.
unable to perform particular activities
disabled
→ The disabled man used a wheelchair to move around.
waste material or unwanted or worthless things
trash
Please take out the trash; it smells bad.
a bird that is often used for food
chicken
Chicken is his favourite kind of meat.
very tiny pieces of dirt or other matter
dust
→ In the old house, the dust was thick on the floor and chairs.
to be close to an exact amount, number or time.
Approximate
→ My approximate height is two meters.
When people or things are not next to each other or close together
apart
They moved apart and then came together.
The couple decided to live apart from each other.
shaking movement of the ground.
earthquake
→ The building shook during the earthquake.
receive willingly; to take when given.
accept
I accepted the girl’s very nice gift.
a place where you can buy things
store
I picked up a few things at the grocery store.
to go away from someone or something
leave
He packed his bag and was ready to leave for home.
something you take to feel better or treat an illness
medicine
The doctor gave me medicine for my cold.
someone who lives in a certain town or city.
citizen
→ Carlos was born in Spain. He is a Spanish citizen.
the middle of it
center
The center of a dart board is the most important spot.
a transparent, breakable material
glass
Windows are made of glass.
a result of a choice or action.
consequence
→ Asa consequence of missing my bus, I had to find another way to work.
to capture people or animals so they cannot get away.
trap
→ We trapped butterflies in a net.
a place is to live, work, or be there.
occupy
→ Kevin and Alice occupied the chairs and had a long discussion.
to get something from someone who has died
inherit
→ She inherited her mother’s gold earrings.
an event in which a marriage is ended.
Divorce
→ Divorce rates have increased in the past twenty years.
To like something
enjoy
The woman enjoys riding her bicycle.
to make something cold
refrigerate
→ Grocery stores refrigerate fruit to make it last long.
to be able to name something
identify
→ I used the file to identify his name.
hard work or an attempt to do something
effort
He always puts a lot of effort into his studies.
to protect something from harm.
preserve
→ Dad sprayed a chemical on the house to help preserve its looks.
a very small town
village
There are only a few houses in my village.
the feeling that you get when you need to eat
hunger
After playing all day long, he was filled with hunger.
how many years someone has lived
age
She died at the age of 80.
spmeone who likes to give things to people.
generous
→ The generous man donated several new computers to our school
to make something neat and tidy
clean
I clean our kitchen every Saturday.
a bird that lives by water and has webbed feet (= feet with skin between the toes), a short neck, and a large beak
duck
People feed ducks at the lake.
to make something new
create
He created an igloo from blocks of snow.
a type of healthy food that grows on trees and plants
fruit
Apples, pears and oranges are types of fruits.
to tell someone they cannot do something
forbid
→ My father forbids watching TV while we’re eating dinner.
recently produced or picked and not frozen, dried or preserved in tins or cans
fresh
→ I just bought these oranges. They are very fresh.
an order given to a person or animal to do something
command
Joe gave his dog a command to sit.
A person who can Speak two languages
bilingual
Since you already know English, after learning French, you’ll be bilingual.
an activity when people compete against each other
game
Let’s play a board game tonight!
to tell someone that you are happy for them.
congratulate
→ Bill and Angela congratulated each other on a job well done.
a large vehicle that people travel on
bus
My father takes the bus to work.
to put something in your mouth and try to get flavor out of it.
suck
→ The baby sucked milk from her bottle.
to ask someone for help
consult
→ I will consult my accountant to find a way to pay for my bills.
a news report that talks about very recent and important events.
bulletin
→ There was a live bulletin reporting on the economy of the city.
to be aware of sound through your ears
hear
Michelle cannot hear what you are saying.
feeling of being very happy with something.
delight
→ He felt such delight after getting a promotion at work.
the first month of the year
January
She started working there in January.
to make a joke to make someone believe something which is not true.
kid
→ I am not really mad. I was kidding when I said I was angry.
to take someone or something to a person or place.
bring
Oscar will bring in all the boxes.
If something is smaller than normal.
compact
→ A laptop computer is much more compact than a desktop model.
to laugh at or make fun of someone
tease
→ Jake teased Charlie because he was the new student.
it happens at the present time.
nowadays
→ In the past people walked everywhere. Nowadays, they use cars.
kind; particular type
sort
→ What sort of instrument do you want to learn to play?
without special qualities; usual or common.
ordinary
→ Today was just an ordinary day. Nothing unusual happened.
something said to a group of people
speech
She gave a speech to the class.
a person who plays sports
athlete
Some athletes can play many sports very well.
a set of clothes people wear for a particular occasion
costume
→ The woman wore a mask with her costume.
very fancy and pleasing.
elegant
→ In Japan, women wear elegant kimonos on special occasions.
to tell them what to do
advise
My mother often advises people about their money.
a type of magazine that deals with an academic subject
journal
→ Mi-young was busy working on an article for an art journal.
a place on a wall where you put things.
shelf
→ I keep my clothes on a shelf in my closet.
to be made of parts or things
consist
Today’s choices for lunch consisted of pizza, hamburgers, and hot dogs.
behavior that is wrong or breaks a law.
offense
→ Stealing a car is a very serious offense.
to consider good or right
approve
→ Her co-workers approved her new plan.
an office or position
A person’s rank is their place in an order of people.
→ The man got to the rank of captain in the navy.
to make someone feel afraid
scare
My uncle was scared by what he saw in the room.
any longer.
Anymore
→ Her old pants don’t fit her anymore.
to not be the same as another person or thing.
differ
→ I differ from my brother: he is short, while I am tall.
a place where criminals go to be punished.
Jail
→ The thief was caught and sent to jail for ten years.
it happens slowly
gradual,
→ Children learn to read at a gradual pace. They do not learn right away.
to blame someone for doing something bad
accuse
→ She accused her brother of breaking her computer.
all of the world’s people.
Mankind
→ All of mankind has to work to make this a better world.
information that you have about something.
Knowledge
→ A music teacher should have good knowledge of music.
a lack of serious thought
silly
I made a silly mistake of dropping mom’s vase.
to say something loudly
shout
My boss shouted at me because I was late for work.
to make something known
announce
He announced to everyone his new idea for the company.
a small room where a person is locked in.
cell
→ The jail cell was very small.
any living thing.
creature
→ The creature we saw today was either a dolphin or a porpoise.
something that helps you do a task.
tool
→ We used a tool to fix the window.
time when you do not have to do work.
Leisure
→ Eve likes to listen to music in her leisure time.
the twelfth month of the year
December
We got married in December.
When something is solid but not too hard.
firm
→ He sleeps better on a firm bed.
a lack of order, or a complete mess.
Disorder
→ The teacher’s desk had many papers in disorder.
to refuse something because you do not want it.
reject
→ The girl rejected the broken cup.
to continue to exist for a long time
endure
→ She had to endure her husband shouting all day long.
The time when a person is alive
life
My grandfther had a long life.
the physical power that you have.
Strength
→ Exercising will increase your strength and give you more power.
to put something back the way it was.
restore
→ Victor restored the old car.
a sweet food that you eat after a meal.
Dessert
→ Kayla wants ice cream for dessert.
a thin, straight stick shot from a bow.
arrow
→ The arrow flew through the air and hit the target.
enjoyable: bringing feelings of pleasure, enjoyment, or satisfaction
pleasant
→ The character had a pleasant look on its face.
when you want to do one thing but not the other
rather
I’d rather swim than sit on the beach.
to say that something is necessary
require
We require teachers to have a university degree.
what they are like
description
I gave a description of the man with the gun and hat to the police.
someone you love or admire with great affection.
valentine
→ Harry wanted Molly to be his valentine.
to be owned by.
belong
→ The blue suit belongs to Paul.
to stop someone from getting hurt
protect
Firemen protect us from fires.
something only lasts for a short time.
brief
→ The meeting this afternoon was very brief.
complaint.
→ Mom said she didn’t want to hear my brother’s complaints.
excellent; really good;
Super
→ My dad said I did a super Job cleaning the house.
a person who works in a mine.
miner
→ The miner was looking for gold.
very smart
brilliant
→ My younger sister is brilliant for someone her age.
you are with other people
meeting
we have lots of meetings iat our school to plan what to do.
a person who builds things with wood.
carpenter
→ We hired a carpenter to make a cupboard.
a time of the year: spring, summer, fall, or winter
season
Summer is a warm season, while winter is very cold.
the act of seeing
Vision
→ The eye doctor tested my vision.
to make a hole in the ground
dig
→ My dog digs in the yard so he can hide his bones.
to cut into something.
carve
→ My father usually carves the turkey for Thanksgiving.
a test
exam
I did some practice questions for the math exam on the board.
to get together to do something
unite
If we unite, we can finish our project faster.
a ceremony that takes place after a person dies.
funeral
→ They had a funeral for the soldier who died during the war.
very great, bad, dangerous, harmful, or difficult to handle
When something is serious, it is bad or unsafe.
→ The accident was very serious.
how much money a person or business makes.
income
→ Her company pays her a fairly good income
a fun and exciting thing that you do
adventure
Riding in the rough water was an adventure
To have the same opinion or belief as another person
agree
The students agree they have too much homework.
to have an opinion or thought about something
think
I think summer is the best season?
not being influenced by something
however
She is a great cook. However, she never had professional lessons.
the state of a person’s body
health
People who want good health, should not smoke.
to ask yourself questions or have a need to know
wonder
The young mother wondered if she’d have a boy or a girl.
to know something will happen.
guarantee
→ I guarantee that the sun will come up in the morning.
a talk between people.
conversation
→ There were two conversations going on at once.
to make something larger or more advanced
develop
This practice will help you to develop your math skills.
an area near the ocean where the land goes inward.
bay
→ The Golden Gate Bridge crosses San Francisco Bay.
to be successful or make a lot of money.
prosper
→ Frank’s new business finally prospered after many years of hard work.
something big or important.
major
→ I have a major problem. My boss wants me to redo my project!
to give importance or attention to something
emphasize
→ She emphasized the key points by circling them in red ink.
to create something that never existed before.
invent
→ My grandfather has invented some interesting things.
the green leaves that cover the ground
grass
The grass looked so soft and green.
when something happens anyway.
despite
→ We still played the game despite the cold weather.
A sport with gloves and small white ball
golf
People play golf in nice weather.
a piece of cloth that you use to keep warm or to sit upon.
blanket
→ I laid a blanket on the ground so that we could have a picnic.
to get money for the work you do
earn
He earns his living as a chef in a great restaurant.
the hard part at the bottom of your face.
chin
→ Luke pointed to the hair on his chin.
a group of people who run a city or town.
council
→ The council met to discuss the new laws for the city.
the things that are used to walk up or down in a building
stair
You can take the stairs to the second floor.
to take away from a whole or larger amount
subtract
→ We learned how to subtract numbers from each other in class
→The dentist recommended that I subtract candy from my diet.
very great: extremely large, powerful, or great
tremendous
→ The Earth’s oceans are filled with a tremendous amount of water.
certain or sure to be true.
definite
→ There is a definite connection between hard work and success.
a result or for that reason.
Thus
→ The sun was shining. Thus, I wore my sunglasses.
an action is done with another person or thing
together
They’ve decided to spend more time together.
People or things you know well
familiar
The two friends were very familiar with each other.
to hurt someone on purpose.
abuse
→ The mean man abused his dog when it barked too loudly.
to speak or act for a person or a group
represent
My lawyer will represent me in court.
to beat someone in a game or battle.
defeat
→ The champion defeated the challenger in the boxing match.
a very short amount of time.
instant
→ A microwave oven cooks food in an instant.
a little bit cold weather
cool
→ The weather is cool in the fall.
to know about something without being told
sense
I could sense that he was watching me.
to be at the back of something
behind
The little girl was hiding behind a tree.
a set of words that you send to someone
message
I left a message for you in the envelope.
something we are not used to
foreign
He has traveled widely in foreign counties.
when someone feels bad for what they did
guilty
→ I felt guilty for taking my sister’s cookies.
a small amount of something
bit
I ate a bit of chocolate before I went to bed.
to go into it
enter
Two guards greeted me as I entered the front door.
money in the form of paper or coins.
Cash
→ I was able to save up enough cash to buy my mother a gift.
waste material like unwanted or spoiled food, bottles, paper, etc.
garbage
The boy cleaned up the garbage around his house.
Something uses electricity
electric
Some car companies make electric cars.
to make a place free from something or someone.
rid
→ We rid our home of mice by using traps.
to agree to always help someone
loyal
→ The three friends are very loyal to each other.
especially something important
event
Finishing high school was a major event in his life.
a big, strong animal that people ride and use for pulling heavy things
horse
I wnet to a farm and saw a few horses.
a thing that moves people or things to another place.
vehicle
→ A ferry is a vehicle that takes people from one island to another.
a short trip in which you see many sights
tour
I took a tour of Asia and Europe.
there is not enough of it
lack
His only problem is a lack of money.
a living thing that can move
animal
My favourite animal is Panda.
the middle part of a person’s arm that lets you bend it.
elbow
→ She pointed to her elbow to show me where she hurt herself.
the edge of an area
border
→ The postcard had a pretty green border of pine needles.
a plant, especially one that is not useful or wanted.
weed
→ The yard of the house was full of ugly weeds.
an idea about how something works
theory
We talked about Einestin’s theory of relativity in class.
to keepsomething from being hurt.
save
→ I want to help save the world.
havung enough money to pay for something
afford
→ I’ve been saving my money, so I can afford to buy a new bike.
wide; large; full of space.
broad
→ The river is very long and broad.
to rest
relax
→ The frog relaxed in the warm sun.
the force by which all objects in the universe are attracted to each other.
Gravity
→ There is no gravity in space.
to hope that bad things happen to them.
curse
→ The witch cursed the village.
a group of workers
crew
→ My father has a crew. They help him build houses.
something someone says to show that they are sorry.
apology
→ After arguing with her teacher, the girl wrote the teacher an apology.
in place of, as an alternative or substitute
instead
She ate the fruits instead of fast food.
someone who agrees to help or support you.
ally
→ I was happy to find many allies who shared the same opinion as me.
to join other people or go with them.
accompany
→ My brothers accompanied me to the movie.
to run or move quickly
dash
Helen dashed up the stairs so she wouldn’t be late for her appoinment
a contest to see who is the best at something.
competition
→ He won the running competition over the weekend.
A list of information
chart
We used a chart to see how we had improved.
to give something food that it needs to live.
nourish
→ A good mother will nourish her baby every day.
the quality or condition of being needed or valued.
Importance
→ VIPs are people of great importance.
to say that it will happen
predict
She predicted that I would get married next year.
to decide that an event or a request will not happen
cancel
She cancelled the rest of her plans because of the rain.
where sick or hurt people receive care
hospital
The doctor talks to a patient at the hospital.
nervous around strangers
shy
→ The girl was too shy to try out for the play.
to give a loud shout of approval or encouragement
cheer
The crowd all cheered when the home team won.
a person who paints, draws, or makes sculptures
artist
An artist was drawing people’s portraits at the fair.
a person who writes news stories
journalist
→ The journalist took notes for a story he was writing.
show that something goes against a fact.
nevertheless
→ He is usually friendly. Nevertheless, he wasn’t this afternoon.
money given so someone can go to school
scholarship
I got a scholarship to help me pay for university.
an amount of time when something happens
period
In one period in Europe, there were many knights.
to speak or write to them
contact
I contacted Sue about my party.
the red liquid in your body.
Blood
→ I cut my finger and got blood on my shirt.
to take a hold of something or someone suddenly
grab
I grabbed a pear from the tree.
the ground just outside of a person’s house
yard
→ The girls jumped rope in the yard.
a person who lives near you
neighbor
I like my neighbor because he’s very friendly.
to not take care of someone or something properly.
neglect
→ William neglected his room, so it is a complete mess.
To say or write what someone or something is like
describe
They described their tree as a colorful with gold ribon and a star.
strong or clear in color or shine.
bright
The bright light from the explosion hurt my eyes.
a series of connected loops often used to keep things in place
chain
→ The scary dog was secured with a chain.
not upset or excited
calm
meditation is a great stress reducer that can calm you and bring relaxation.
to walk.
step
→ Be careful where you step.
the study of where things are.
Geography
→ I had to draw a map for geography class.
it happens often or there is much of it
common
It is common for snow to fall in the winter.
to pay someone for the time they spent doing something.
compensate
→ Her boss compensated her for the extra work she did last week
a serious or difficult responsibility
burden
Children who do not behave are a burden to their parents.
you choose not to punish or harm someone.
mercy
→ He asked his boss for mercy and to not fire him.
a person or group is to cause difficulty or pain.
ail
→ My brother went to the doctor to see what was ailing him.
when something is very bad
terrible
The way he treated his classmates was terrible.
to say or write something untrue to deceive someone
lie
Whenever Pinocchio lied to his father, his nose grew.
to fix something
repair
→ I repaired the flat tire on my car.
something people have been doing for a long time
tradition
Marriage is a tradition all over the world.
used with “or” to say there are two or more possibilities.
either
→ You can choose to be either white or black when you play chess.
the beat of the heart.
pulse
→ The doctor checked the patient’s pulse by feeling his wrist.
a person who is older than the people around them.
elder
→ Uncle Ray is my elder so I always try to be respectful.
to say something is not true
deny
→ The boy denied that he broke the window.
to make something exactly how someone else did it.
reproduce
→ The children tried to reproduce their house using toy blocks.
the hard part of a plant or fruit that trees grow from.
seed
→ I planted the seed in the dirt hoping that it would grow into a tree.
If something is not strange nor surprising to you.
normal
→ It is normal for me to bathe every night.
a set mathematical way or method of solving a problem
formula
→ I learned a new formula that may help us with our problem.
to want something
desire
My sister desires a big house and lots of money.
that is given to the winner
prize
I won a prize for getting the best grade on my science test.
an agreement that you have with another person
deal
We must deal with this subject carefully.
to give an answer to what someone else said
respond
When the teacher asked the question, we all responded.
throw somebody or something esecialy sth light in weight
cast
→ The fisherman cast his line into the water.
When a person is worry that something bad will happen
anxious
She was anxious about not making her appointment on time.
a long trip, usually to a place very far away.
expedition
→ They got into their spaceship to begin their expedition.
the part of an animal that lets it fly.
wing
→ The bird used its wings to fly across the water
a building where flour is made.
mill
→ The farmer took his wheat to the mill to make it into flour.
to show that you like someone or something
praise
→ The coach praised both athletes after a good practice
they are not afraid to face pain or danger.
brave
→ The brave firefighter saved the girl from the burning building
to prove someone that they did a bad thing.
convict
→ He was convicted of the crime and sent to jail.
to let something happen
allow
Having a ticket will allow you to enter the show.
to hurt someone or damage something
harm
A hot iron can cause great harm if you are not careful.
a punishment, given when someone breaks a rule or law.
penalty
→ I had to pay a $100 penalty for parking in the wrong spot.
a sailor who steals things from other boats.
pirate
→ Pirates are very scary characters.
the plan for a story or essay
outline
Before I wrote my essay, I made an outline.
to rub something in order to make it shiny.
polish
→ Mark spent all morning polishing his shoes for the wedding.
only or even one
single
I have a single key in my hand.
in or to a country that is not one’s own.
abroad
→ My brother wants to go abroad next year.
something is to be excited by or interested in it.
enthusiastic
→ The man was enthusiastic about his job.
to show something; to make known; tell.
reveal
→ I will reveal where I hid the candy bar.
to ask for something
request
→ The little girl requested a special gift from Santa Claus.
crazy; insane; angry
mad
→ Mother got mad when I didn’t listen to her.
a collection of valuable things, especially jewels or gold
treasure
They became very rich when they found the buried treasure.
where someone or something come from
origin
→ The origin of the honey that we eat is from a beehive.
anything that does someone good or gives an advantage
benefit
Being ale to fly is a benefit to birds.
a deep, round metal container used for cooking.
pot
→ Don’t touch the pot on the stove. It’s hot.
to feel a lot of happiness about something
excitement
→ Did you see the excitement in her when the team scored?
Something that you do not tell people
secret
The kids were sharing a secret.
to say something very loudly.
yell
→ The coach yelled at his team for their poor performance.
to give an answer or say back to someone.
reply
→ She asked him what time his meeting was. He replied, “at three.”
the lowest part.
bottom
→ The bottom of my shoe has a hole in it.
a tall pipe used to carry smoke out of a building.
chimney
→ The cat was on the roof sitting next to the chimney.
to leave something forever or for a long time.
abandon
→ The old room had been abandoned years before.
to use something carelessly and unnecessarily
waste
Turn off the water so you don’t waste it.
the sound produced by laughing about something funny.
Laughter
→ Susan’s joke made her classmates burst into laughter.
to hit and break something.
crash
→ There was a loud noise when the car crashed into the tree.
a thin piece of string.
thread
→ I have many different colors of thread at home.
someone someone mad
anger
→ It angers me when people are rude.
a white, hard substance that comes from elephants.
ivory
→ The elephant’s long ivory tusks looked very impressive.
a brave person who does things to help others
hero
To children, the man in the blue and red costume was a real hero.
a choice.
decision
→ He made the wrong decision.
something you do for someone to help them
favor
→ Can you do me a favor and turn off the lights?
the largest political division of a state in the US.
county
→ He wanted to represent the citizens of his county.
following a style that is currently popular
fashionable
It is very fashionable to wear a hat.
to change into another form or state.
convert
→ The man converted his messy field into a garden of flowers.
the study of the past
history
History was my favourite subject in school.
someone that is trying to keep you from getting what you want.
rival
→ The three rivals were all competing for the same job.
a party to welcome a person or celebrate an event.
reception
→ We all danced and had a good time at the wedding reception.
to fall or drop slowly to another level
sink
→ The boat had a hole in it, and it sank into the ocean.
to move close to something
approach
The boy approached his school.
happy about what they have done
proud
He is proud of the picture she drew of her house.
a big fight between two groups of people
war
Many young men died in the war.
to upset someone
disturb
→ The loud noise disturbed me while I was working.
to stop or finish
end
I played the tape from beginning to end.
how you see, taste, hear, feel and smell.
senses
→ It would be hard to live without your five senses.
a deep, round dish that holds food or liquid.
bowl
→ I ate a bowl of cereal for breakfast.
a coin worth one cent.
penny
→ U.S. President Abraham Lincoln is on the penny.
not push very hard
lightly
→ Draw lightly so you do not tear your paper.
you give someone some money for what you get
payment
I made the last payment on my house yesterday. Now I am really the owner.
to arrive at a place.
reach
→ I was happy to finally reach my destination.
to pay back or to reward someone or something.
repay
→ She repaid her friend for all of his hard work with a small gift.
a small building where you store things like tools.
shed
→ We have a small shed in the backyard for storage.
a question that is difficult to answer but meant to be funny.
riddle
→ I could not answer Wendy’s riddle, but it made me laugh.
despite the fact that /conjunction
though
Though he was overweight, he liked to be active.
to ask for something one really wants.
beg
→ The man begged for some money.
a group of twelve things.
dozen
→ Mom brought home a dozen donuts for us as a treat.
they are friendly
sociable
many of my good friends are sociable but I am shy.
container that holds things.
bin
→ He put his trash in the bin.
if something can be seen.
visible
→ The moon and stars were visible in the night sky.
one hundred years.
century
→ Our company is celebrating a century of business in London.
to take it away
remove
I removed the nail from the board.
very top of a mountain.
peak
→ There is snow on the peaks of those mountains.
to give something for another thing in return
exchange
I exchanged my old car for a new one.
If something is nicer than normal.
fancy
→ Their table was all set for a fancy dinner.
a plan to do something
intent
Her intent is to visit Italy next summer.
to make sure something is correct.
confirm
→ Winning the game confirmed that James was a good player.
the appearance of an object as defined by its outer surface
shape
Even with your eyes closed, you can feel the shape of them.
complete quiet
Silence
→ The man asked for silence while he worked on the problem.
the reason someone does something.
motive
→ His motive for studying so hard is to get into a good college.
to live somewhere permanently or for a long time.
reside
→ My brother and his family reside in a lovely house on the beach.
person’s spirit.
soul
→ Some people believe that the soul lives after the body dies.
strong sound and easy to hear
loud
The man’s voice was so loud that we all could hear him.
an idea that needs to be proved.
thesis
→ She did not support her thesis very well.
it happens once a year.
annual
→ The only time I see my aunts and uncles is at our annual family picnic.
to close something tightly.
shut
→ Please shut the door; the air outside is cold.
to cause or allow to flow or fall from a container
spill
I spilled the coffee on the table.
it is what we expect
usual
It was just the ususal people who came.
to use money in a way that will bring a profit later
invest
I invested money in a new building that should bring me a profit
to move a liquid or substance around, using a spoon or something similar, in order to mix it completely
stir
→ Mom stirred the batter until it was smooth.
a strong feeling about somebody or something
emotion
→ Anger is a common emotion that we all feel.
a place with lots of trees and animals.
forest
→ I love to go walking in the forest.
to present someone with something.
offer
→ He offered me the keys to his car.
the best that it can possibly be.
ideal
→ This house is an ideal place for my family. It has everything we need.
existing without physical shape or substance; they are based on general ways of thinking
abstract
→ The idea of beauty is abstract and changes over time.
a pipe through which water or air passes.
tube
→ The pile of tubes was going to be put in the ground.
feeling of worried or troubled
concern
I was filled with concern after reading the newspaper.
not clear and gives very few details
vague
I asked him about his mother’s death, but he was very vague about it.
something that is real or true
actual
This is the actual sword that the King owned, not a fake one.
Something (usually money) that one person lends to another
loan
I got a loan from the bank.
to be present at.
attend
My sister and I attend the same school.
an empty area
space
I don’t have much space for things in my small house.
something that is made.
product
→ My sister has many beauty products in her room.
a person that had something bad happen to them.
victim
→ I was a victim of a robbery.
they believe in something and trust it.
faith
→ The sick girl had faith in doctors. She knew they would make her better.
someone a person knows and likes spending time with
friend
Brian’s friend is very sad.
to think of it in your mind
imagine
Sally imagined herself winning lots of money.
to find an answer using math.
calculate
→ I calculated how much money I would need to buy the car.
in another way if you don’t do this
otherwise
It’s good to stay active; otherwise, you’ll gain weight.
the money people pay to someone to live in a certain place.
Rent
→ To live in this house, I have to pay rent at the start of each month.
a small raised area on a surface.
bump
→ The monkey got a bump on his head because he was hit by a rock
A type of drink that can make people drunk
alcohol
A person should not drive a car after she or he has been drinking alcohol.
to cause pain by pushing a sharp part into the skin.
sting
→ The needle stung my arm and made me say, “ Ouch!
a piece of colored cloth that represents something.
flag
→ Our country has a beautiful flag.
very important and necessary
essential
It is essential to have oxygen when you scuba dive.
it is not too big or too small in size or amount
moderate
It takes a moderate amount of patience to be around small children all day.
to try to win or do better than others
compete
→ He will compete with very good athletes.
A gap between people who do not understand each other
gulf
There has been a gulf between James and Sarah since their parents died.
A time without war
peace
A white dove is a symbol of peace.
naturally able to do things well.
talent
→ Maria has a talent for playing the piano.
when you are happy that something happened.
grateful
→ The girls were grateful to have a chance to spend time with their grandfather.
to run away from something bad.
escape
→ The butterfly could not escape from the cage.
a house made of wood, grass, or mud that has only one or two rooms.
hut
→ We all went into the hut to sleep.
the most important one.
prime
→ Dirty air is a prime cause of illness.
to go in a certain direction
proceed
→ My son and I proceeded to the beach so we could go fishing.
to try very hard.
strain
→ Casey strained to lift the heavy box.
very big animal that lived millions of years ago.
dinosaur
→ I like to see the dinosaur bones at the museum.
a feeling you get when you are really happy
Joy
→ I love baseball. I feel joy when I play.
the act of making smaller groups out of a larger one.
division
→ The chart had six divisions which all had different colors.
A type of work that you do for school or a job
project
Her afternoon project was to paint the room blue.
you can buy it
sale
Everything for sale here is the same price.
a very long foot race just over 42 kilometers.
marathon
→ I ran a marathon, and now my legs are tired.
a vehicle pulled by a horse.
carriage
→ We took a carriage ride in the park.
something interesting to see.
sight
→ I saw the pyramids of Egypt. What a sight!
state of being poor.
Poverty
→ Poverty is a problem in many countries around the world.
an occasion when the moon moves in front of the sun.
eclipse
→ A complete eclipse of the sun is a very rare occurrence.
to put something in something else.
insert
→ The mailman inserted the letter into the mailbox.
to act in a certain way toward someone.
treat
→ The cats treated the mouse very nicely.
to make someone feel less hot or tired.
refresh
→ The baby was refreshed after taking a cool bath.
to stretch out or reach.
extend
→ The boy extended his hand to catch the ball.
a tag that tells about something.
label
→ The label on the back of your shirt will tell you what size it is.
to hope for something will happen
expect
I expect the bus to be here very soon.
a quality of moving in a smooth, relaxed and attractive way.
Grace
→ The ballerina danced with grace.
A city where a country’s government is based
capital
The capital of Canada is Ottawa, which is located in Ontario.
in nearby area
local
The local market in my neighborhood sells all the food we need.
to make known something that is hidden.
expose
→ He took off his shirt exposing his costume.
to pay someone money to work for you.
hire
→ We hired a man to paint our house.
knowing something
aware
The student became aware that his teacher was watching him.
an area of land with the same government and laws
country
Canada is a country in the northern part of North America.
someone who can solve a hard puzzle or problem.
clever
→ The clever boy thought of a good idea.
to be not easily noticed or too hard to find.
Hidden
→ The hidden camera recorded everything in the parking lot.
prevent someone from fulfilling their desire.
frustrate
→ The machine frustrated me because I could not fix it
belonging to a period of history that is thousands of years in the past
ancient
→ I want to see the ancient buildings in Persepolis.
small or not important.
mere
→ We lost the game by a mere two points.
a sandy or rocky place by the ocean.
beach
→ The little girl built a sandcastle on the beach.
to eat or drink it
consume
Jack consumed a whole plate of spaghetti.
a sound or action that tells someone to do something.
signal
→ The coach blew his whistle as a signal to begin the game.
to make it go down
lower
The chart shows how his production has lowered over the year.
a set of printed sheets of paper that are held together inside a cover
book
a book of selected poems.
said by using language; oral.
spoken
We cannot take back what has been spoken.
a rule
policy
He told us that his policy was to put customers first.
the front of a clock.
dial
→ I looked at the dial to see what time it was.
to be the same.
equal
→ Both students are equal in age.
the bottom of something
base
The base of the table has three legs.
the organ in your head that lets you think
brain
You must use your brain to solve the problem.
not fun
boring
I think the Internet is boring.
to lift something up.
raise
→ We had to work together to raise the last piece.
a plant used as food
vegetable
Carrots are my favorite vegetable.
work of keeping or checking financial accounts
accounting
He works for an accounting firm.
the state or quality of being beautiful
beauty
I heard y mother was a great beauty when she was young.
to feel surprise and interest in something
marvel
→ We marveled at her excellent piano playing.
to cook food with heat.
bake
→ My sister is a good cook. She bakes delicious cakes.
an important job that is sometimes far away.
mission
→ The woman’s mission was to help sick people.
with hairless head
bald
→ My oldest brother is bald.
a group of people working together in a company
staff
My dad has a staff of four people to help him at the office.
a doctor that takes care of animals.
veterinarian
→ Wanda became a veterinarian because she loves dogs.
to have to pay or give back something received from another.
owe
→ I owed him twenty dollars, so I paid him back.
they live there
populate
Thousands of birds populate the jungle.
the growing of food and animals.
Agriculture
→ The farmer studied agriculture in college.
When something is not normal.
strange
→ Joe had a strange look on his face after he saw what happened.
a thing that holds money and fits in a pocket.
wallet
→ I keep my money in a wallet.
to pull something apart
tear
It is easy to tear paper.
to run or play sports so that you can be healthy
exercise
You should exercise every day.
it happens quickly
immediate
An immidiate response came from the pizza place.
to tell them about something
inform
I called and informed her about my idea.
someone who fixes vehicles or machines.
mechanic
→ We took the car to the mechanic to be fixed.
a building with strong walls where royalty usually lives
castle
→ The castle was built many years ago.
the act or an instance of losing something.
loss
→ I suffered a big loss while I was gambling.
When two things or people are similar in some way
alike
→ People often think my sister and I look alike.
to keep doing something.
continue
→ She stood under her umbrella as the rain continued to fall.
the inner part, space or side of something
inside
The inside of the box was empty.
a journey to a certain place
trip
Ken took a trip to the city yesterday.
new things made by using science
technology
He loves technology such as laptop computers.
a word for something
term
I often use the term“oops” when I make a mistake.
to find something for the first time
discover
→ I discovered some new information in this book!
not dead
alive
My grandparents are still alive even though they are over 90.
a funny drawing.
cartoon
→ Sometimes, people draw cartoons for the newspaper
a long thin usually green seedpod eaten cooked whole as a vegetable
bean
→ There are many different kinds of beans to eat.
with great attention, especially to details or safety
carefully
The baby carefully climbed down the stairs
to come into view; become visible.
appear
She appeared to be sad. She was crying.
having a strong desire to be successful in life
ambitious
→ Kendra had to be ambitious to get into medical school.
when something happens because of something else.
result
→ Asa result of all the rain, the man had to climb on the roof.
to say that something is inside another thing
within
Within the box, there was a pizza.
to keep doing something even when it is hard.
persist
→ Even though the lesson was difficult, he persisted until he understood.
an object placed inside something to supply it with electricity
battery
My brother needs battery for his clock.
go to a country on the other side of an ocean.
overseas
→ John often goes overseas for vacations.
to make a person or thing come closer or be interested
attract
The magnet attracted the metal.
to spend a lot of time doing something
devote
→ She devotes two hours a day to playing the piano.
in the direction of south.
southern
→ Taegu is located in the southern part of the Korean peninsula.
an old word for a bedroom.
chamber
→ The girl was tired. She went to her chamber fora nap.
the feeling of being afraid
fear
I have a great fear of skateboarding.
substances in foods like bread that give you energy.
Carbohydrate
→ Carbohydrates like rice are a good source o f energy for active people.
an unpleasant sound
noise
The crying baby made a loud noise.
relating to religion
religious
→ The holy man spoke about religious topics.
a story that is not true.
fiction
→ I enjoy reading works of fiction because they are very entertaining.
to make something from smaller parts.
compose
→ Tonya composed her report using many sources of information.
of or produced by nature; not made by humans
natural
We need to take care of natural world.
a country that is fighting another country during a war.
enemy
→ The enemy prepared to attack the kingdom.
the main meal eaten in the evening
dinner
What’s for dinner?
a regular publication with news, stories, and articles
magazine
She likes to read fashion magazins.
to give comfort or sympathy to somebody who is unhappy or disappointed
console
→ When my dog ran away, my dad consoled me.
a large group of people.
crowd
→ A large crowd had gathered on the street to see the accident.
he or she talks a lot
talkative
My sister is very talkative whenever she is on the phone.
a small hotel for people who are travelling.
inn
→ The visitor got a room at the inn.
to watch people or things closely.
monitor
→ The teacher monitors the students when they take tests.
to legally become husband and wife
marry
→ Rose and Henry were married, and they lived happily.
to put something at a higher level
elevate
→ The man elevated the picture so he could see it better.
an opportunity to do something
chance
I had a chance to see the Coliseum in Rome last year.
you reach an agreement
settle
we settled the argument by looking up the answer on the web.
you put it under the ground or under a lot of other things
bury
He buried his money in the back yard.
to make a noise
sound
The alarm clock sounded and woke us all up.
being fearful or anxious in a specific situation
nervous
The girl became nervous when she heard the news.
something next to you
beside
My cat and dog stood beside each other.
something that a person has to do.
duty
→ It is parents’ duty to take care of their children.
something you do wrong
mistake
My boss always yells at me when I make a mistake.
When something is fixed or fastened firmly in place.
tight
→ The knots were too tight to untie.
a class in school
course
I took a P.E. course in school this year.
to help someone when they need something.
aid
→ The doctor aided the boy after his accident.
to require payment
cost
These designer shoes cost more than the regular ones.
the land by an ocean
coast
I stayed on the southern coast of Australia.
something has no bumps
smooth
→ The baby’s skin felt very smooth.
a group that provides money for research
foundation
→ The foundation raised money to give scholarships to students.
to go away suddenly.
vanish
→ All the passengers vanished from the train station.
a tool used to cut wood.
ax
→ She used an ax to cut some wood for the fire.
the color of growing grass or leaves
green
beautiful green eyes
something that is hard to understand
puzzle
Car engines are a puzzle to some people.
a small vehicle that you use on snow.
sled
→ Marvin likes to ride his sled down the hill in winter.
something uses electricity to function
electronic
→ I like having electronic devices such as an MP3 player.
how much there is of something
amount
a considerable amount of money
to move something so that an opening is not covered
open
Amy like to open the window to let fresh air in.
the act of helping or serving someone
service
This coffee shop has excellent service.
a person trained to perform religious duties.
priest
→ The priest taught us about God.
a young dog
pup
→ All the girl wanted for her birthday was a pup
the spirit of a dead person.
ghost
→ Many people are afraid of ghosts.
a woman who is getting married or has just gotten married.
bride
→ The bride looked beautiful in her wedding dress.
how heavy is something or someone is
weight
I gained weight because I ate a lot of pizza.
to fall or allow something to fall
drop
Dew forms drops on the grass.
to give someone food.
feed
→ Mother feeds my baby brother everyday.
a display of interesting things.
exhibit
→ There was an animal exhibit at the fair.
to make someone really like something.
fascinate
→ The kitten was fascinated by the ball of yarn.
make able; allow.
enable
→ Having the key enabled us to open the door.
a second or a very short time.
moment
→ I was only a few moments late for the meeting.
very bad or evil
wicked
→ My boss is a very wicked man.
to hit someone
strike
She struck the other girl in the face.
the color of blood
red
a red balloon
a piece of art that is made from wood, clay, or stone.
sculpture
→ We saw an old sculpture of Buddha at the museum
higher in position or place
Upper
→ A home’s attic is at the upper part of the structure.
a building where you watch plays, shows, and movies.
theater
→ We went to the theater to see a play.
to get the meaning, nature, or importance of something or someone
understand
Henry could not understand the message.
a group of people who play music
band
My brother is in a rock band.
1/4 or 25% of something
quarter
He paid a quarter for the candy.
very close to being true or accurate.
virtual
→ Because he’s popular, Joe is the virtual leader of the group
lived for many years
old
My grandparents are old, but they are healthy.
to keep something above the ground
hang
I drew a picture of my family and my mother hangged it on the wall.
an image of a person or animal made of stone or metal.
statue
→ I saw a beautiful statue of a lion today.
a family member
relative
→ My relatives came by to see the new baby.
to not be sleeping anymore.
wake
→ He is always full of energy when he wakes in the morning.
the organ in the body that fills with air when breathing
lung
Having strong lungs is necessary for a healthy life.
to talk about it
mention
The doctors mentioned the problems that the patient was having.
a group of people who meet together to make decisions.
committee
→ The school’s committee agreed on a new dress code for students.
very unusual; far beyond the ordinary.
extraordinary
→ The fireman who rescued the girl was extraordinary.
to cut it into pieces with a tool.
chop
→ Mom chopped some vegetables to put into the stew.
a small area that is controlled by a country.
province
→ Canada is divided into several different provinces.
painful or tender because of an injury, infection, or unaccustomed exercise
sore
→ After lifting the heavy box, Mona’s back was sore.
to make someone feel less pain.
relieve
→ The medicine relieved the sick boy.
a family member from the past
ancestor
→ My ancestors came from Germany.
to take part in something.
participate
→ The students participated in the school play.
to respond by acting in a certain way
react
James reacted badly to the news.
something happens at a later time or in the end
eventually
He will eventually move to London to find a new job.
what people wear to cover their bodies
clothes
a clothes shop
to walk in the mountains or forest.
hike
→ I always bring plenty of equipment with me when I hike.
a movement of the hands or body.
gesture
→ My teacher makes a lot of gestures when she speaks.
different things put together
mix
The green mix we made in science class spilled onto the table.
to gain possession of something
acquire
→ Tina acquired a strange package yesterday.
someone who makes laws for a state.
senator
→ The young senator promised to make laws that would help the people.
to say that someone should do something
recommend
→ My doctor recommended that I get some exercise.
when soemone do not take action to solve problems.
passive
→ Marcie is so passive that she never solves her own problems
something you have seen or done.
experience
→ Rock climbing was a fun experience.
useful
practical
Learning English is Practical; you can use it in many places.
a group of people who live at the same time.
generation
→ My grandparents are from a different generation than me.
the feeling that you have when you are hurt
pain
His head was full of pain.
a person who teaches sports
coach
My coach gets very excited during games.
a small animal related to lions and tigers that is kept as a pet
cat
This cat is playing with the ball.
it is the most important thing
primary
His primary thoughts are about money.
to connect something with a person or thing
associate
Most people associate birthday parties with having fun.
a way to think about truth and life.
philosophy
→ My philosophy is “live and let live. ”
to get, or to be declared, adequate or good enough
qualify
→ He qualified to go to the final match by beating the opponent.
to make something stay the same
maintain
The balls maintain constant movement.
the act of allowing the doing of something.
Permission
→ I have permission to drive my mom’s car.
to make someone suffer for breaking the rules or laws
punish
To punish me, my teacher had me sit in the corner.
the largest or smallest amount of something that you allow
limit
My mother put a limit on how much I could use the phone.
If someone is not afraid of doing something.
bold
→ The bold man climbed the high mountain.
the answer to a question
response
He asked if I was sad. My response was “No.”
A person who studies medicine and helps sick people
doctor
You should go to the doctor when you are sick.
a school or college for special training
academy
→ There are many courses taught at the academy that I go to.
the state or condition of being in a place at a certain time.
presence
→ The presence of dark clouds meant it would rain.
it is very simple or easy
basic
I learned some basic English skills in school today.
to make one feel sad or unsatisfied
disappoint
→ I do not want to disappoint my family, so I try to do well at school.
to make a bright light.
shine
The candles are shining in the dark room.
to arrive at a logical end by looking at evidence.
conclude
I saw crumbs on my dog’s face, so I concluded that he ate my cookie.
to stay or be left in the same place
remain
My sister had to remain home since she was sick.
the place where a dead person is buried.
grave
→ We visit our grandfather’s grave each year.
to make somebody or somehing die
kill
I killed the fly.
at or near the back of something
rear
→ The man loaded the rear of his truck with boxes.
a man of high social rank but below a king or queen.
duke
→ The duke ruled over the land.
it means you can get it
available
There were many seats available in the room.
it is important and needs to be done now.
urgent
→ He had to leave now; it was urgent.
a book that tells a story
novel
He wrote a great novel about ancient China.
to tell someone to remember to do something.
remind
→ Nick’s dad reminded him to do his homework.
the state of being like, or resemblance.
Likeness
→ Michelle bears a strong likeness to her older sister Kate.
a type of tree that is tall and thin.
pine
→ There were many beautiful pine trees in the forest.
to move a boat on the water.
sail
→ I love to sail my boat on the lake.
when something becomes stronger over time
mount
→ His fear mounted as the monster crawled out from under his bed.
something that is level and smooth with no curved parts.
Flat
→ My parents bought a new flat screen TV over the weekend.
a large amount of money.
Wealth
→ One of the most important things to some people is wealth.
something that warns people of danger.
alarm
→ When the students heard the fire alarm, they left the building.
a picture of something
image
The image of her eyes was very clear.
lucky
fortunate
I was fortunate to get a seat.
you want something more than something else.
prefer
→ I prefer to take the path that will lead me to a bright future.
a line of things.
row
→ James put all of his toy soldiers into neat rows.
a mark on the skin after a wound heals.
scar
→ The monster had horrible scars on his cheek and forehead.
a plant that makes soft, white fibers. These fibers are used to make thread or cloth./ the soft, white fiber of this plant.
Cotton
→ I like to wear clothes made from cotton in the summer.
a person who buys something at a store
customer
The customer put a few items in a bag.
works with the law and represents people in court
lawyer
The lawyer left the courthouse after the judge made her decision
senior officer of state
minister
→ The minister of education controls the country’s schools.
very large in size or amount; huge.
enormous
→ My dog looks enormous next to yours.
water that has become hot and has turned into a misty gas.
Steam
→ We could see the steam rise from the boiling water.
a person who is in a position of authority in the armed forces
officer
→ The soldiers followed the orders of the officer.
when something happens quickly and unexpectedly
suddenly
I was surprise when my friends suddenly shouted “Happy Birthday”!
A vehicle that moves across water
boat
There is a small boat on the lake.
the first thing
initial
→ The initial step when writing a paper is to find a good topic.
high area of land, usually with mountains.
highland
→ The man had a small home in the highlands.
something or someone bad or cruel, not good
evil
They felt a strange, evil presence as they got close to the house.
it is in front of it
ahead
The blue car drove on ahead of us.
to take someone illegally.
kidnap
→ She was terrified to find out her son was kidnapped.
related to the treatment of an injury or disease
medical
Tyler is a medical student, studing to be a doctor.
unusual; strange,
odd
→ Her cat is odd. It walks on two feet.
to be more than something.
exceed
→ Since I exceeded my limit, I decided to get rid of my credit card
a prize someone gets for doing something well
award
→ He got an award for having the best grades in class.
the taste of food or drinks
flavor
→ The flavor of the ice cream was very good.
someone or something that is not the same as others
different
The twins wore different shirts so the teacher could tell them apart.
something given in exchange for good behavior or work
reward
a time in people’s lives when they are young.
Youth
→ My mother wanted to be a nurse in her youth.
not tame or domesticated and wild and living freely in a natural habitat
wild
→ You should be careful around a fox, because it is a wild animal.
to make a part of the body healthy again after injury
heal
→ After my broken arm heals, I can play baseball again.
a small, magic creature with wings.
fairy
→ There are usually fairies in fantasy stories.
it is more than what is needed
extra
The squirrel had extra nuts for the winter.
a group of animals within a species.
breed
→ I like big dog breeds, such as German Shepherd.
.
the quality of being truthful or honest
honesty
He was able to answer the questions with complete honesty.
to talk about how good you are.
boast
→ We all became tired o f listening to him boast about him self all day.
to move easily and continuously in one direction
flow
The water flowed over the rocks and into the lake.
the armed forces of a country.
military
→ I joined the military after I finished high school.
when something is big and liked by people
grand
→ The grand mountain rose high into the sky.
all matter and energy in space
universe
→ The universe is so large that it cannot be measured.
to use your hands and feet to go up something
climb
The girls climbed to the top of the mountain.
intentionally trick or mislead somebody
deceive
→ He tried to deceive his friends as they were playing a game.
an action or use for which something is designed
function
The function of a falshlight is to help you see in the dark.
to grab or get something
catch
Did you catch the ball during the baseball game?
an alcoholic drink made from grapes
wine
The store carried both red and white wine.
a time when something important happens.
occasion
→ Her graduation was an occasion to have a good time.
to put things in the right place
arrange
Please arrange the words in order from A to Z.
a good opinion of someone because they are good.
Respect
→ I have great respect for firemen
when a surface sends back light, heat, sound or an image
reflect
Her face was reflected on the smooth glass.
a place where a lot of people live
city
Toronto is the largest city in Canada.
to say if it is good or bad
judge
The boy is going to judge how his mother’s turkey tasted.
something happens all the time
always
She always brushes her teeth in the morning.
a piece of information that is true
fact
A fact about South America is that it is a continent.
to give some of it to another person
share
Jimmy shared his apple with me.
to break something
damage
→ The car was damaged in the accident.
the way you go from one place to another.
route
→ I saw many new houses along the route to the city.
to control or be in charge of it
manage
to do exactly what they do.
imitate
→ He imitated his favorite superhero by putting on a costume.
a long area with walls that goes from one place to another.
passage
→ The long passage led us to the other side of the field.
the things used in a house such as tables and chairs.
furniture
→ His living room only had a few simple pieces of furniture.
to make liquid come out of a container.
pour
→ I poured some milk into my sister’s cup.
the place where that person lives
home
They have a beautiful home in California.
the top part of the Earth that we walk on.
ground
→ The ground under our feet was dry and brown.
to go forward
advance
He advanced up the ladder slowly.
the power that someone has because of their position.
authority
→ The policeman has authority on the streets.
size of somethng, especially when it is very large.
scale
The scale of something is its size, especially when it is very large.
→ I was surprised by the scale of the buildings in the downtown area
Unit of measurement that is 1,000 meters
kilometer
A marathon is 42.4 kilometers.
completely; entirely.
totally
I am totally against that.
the part of an object that people hold, while using it.
handle
→ The pot is very hot. So pick it up by the handle.
at or to the further side of.
beyond
→ John’s house is beyond that lake.
The morning meal
breakfast
I ate eggs for breakfast.
much better than others in quality; excellent.
superior
→ I think cooking outdoors is superior to cooking indoors.
to stop something from happening.
prevent
→ The handcuffs prevented me from moving my hands.
try to fight or to hurt.
attack
→ The man with the sword attacked the other man first
something is related to a person’s face.
facial
→ I could tell from his facial features that he was angry.
to stop doing something
quit
→ I quit running because I got tired.
it is not controlled by something else
independent
She chose to live an independent life in the country.
to be destroyed naturally.
decay
→ The old wooden house was slowly decaying.
containing facts; true.
factual
→ John learns about history from factual books.
a person who helps sick people in the hospital
nurse
A nurse helped me get better.
a sweet dessert made from flour, water, sugar, and eggs
cake
What a beautiful birthday cake!
the leader of a country.
president
→ The president of our country made an important announcement.
a thing that you buy or sell.
item
→ I have many items for school in my bag.
a small river
stream
→ The boy caught a fish in the stream.
something that has a thin edge that cuts things easily.
sharp
→ That knife is very sharp. Be careful not to hurt yourself.
a part of something
portion
→ I only ate a small portion of the pizza.
you do not do something right.
failure
→ My cooking ended in failure because I burned the food.
to be firm in telling people what to do.
.
insist
→ I insist that you try some of these cookies.
the only one in a given place
lone
One lone man walked along the empty beach.
a person who is part of a group
member
Julie is the newest member of our team.
the top layer of land on the Earth
Soil
→ The boy planted flowers in the soil and watered them every day.
a soft piece of paper people use to wipe their noses
tissue
→ There was a box of tissue on the table.
an event in which water covers an area which is usually dry.
flood
→ After three days of rain, there was a flood in the city.
an important topic; a point or subject in question
issue
The man spoke about issues that were important to the people.
to fight against something
resist
→ He resisted the treatment at the hospital.
to get to know something or someone.
acquaint
→ Nancy acquainted herself with the new computer.
to talk with someone.
chat
→ Even though they were far apart, the couple chatted every day.
a change made by something else
effect
The medicine had a good effect on the boy.
a chance of something bad happening
risk
I took a risk and climbed the snowy mountain.
to make people to do something
encourage
My football coach will encourage us when we are losing.
the money that people spend on something.
expense
→ She wrote down all the expenses for her trip.
to say who someone or something is.
introduce
→ I introduced myself to our newest co-worker today.
a fact or thing that you use to prove something
evidence
He used the pictures as evidence that UFOs are real.
the way to go
direction
A stranger asked us for directions to the fair.
come to the ground usually from a ship or aircraft.
land
→ The parachutist landed safely on the ground.
a road in a city or village
street
What is the name of the street you live on?
an example of something
instance
I have never experienced an instance of hate. Have you?
to think about it
consider
Pete didn’t like his job. He considered getting a new one.
to make someone angry or upset.
offend
→ They were both offended by what they had said to each other.
a place where people are buried when they die.
cemetery
→ Some people are scared of cemeteries.
the temperature and the state of the outdoors
weather
Today weather is rainy and cloudy.
A vehicle with two wheels, powered by human
bike
He rides his bike to school everyday.
the place where people work or live
environment
Keeping our environment clean is important to our health.
the extra money you make when you sell something
profit
I made a small profit from selling my old clothes.
a small creature with eight legs
spider
Spiders are my favorite creature.
to make someone as a part of one’s own family.
adopt
→ The girl was adopted by the couple when she was three.
to meet and welcome someone
greet
→ When my friend came over, I greeted him at the door.
feeling of distaste and anger cause by something rude or unpleasant
disgust
He felt disgust toward his date because she has such terrible eating habits.
great, strong, or extreme in a way that can be felt
intense
→ The skunk made an intense odor that filled the air.
to take it from one place to another
deliver
The man delivered Chinese food to my house.
the hard solid material that forms part of the surface of the earth and some other planets
A rock is a hard thing in the dirt.
→ I stacked rocks on top of one another.
basic math: the branch of mathematics that deals with addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division
arithmetic
→ I like to study arithmetic at school.
a plant with many thin branches. It is smaller than a tree.
bush
→ My dad and I planted some small bushes around the house
a border for a picture or mirror
frame
→ I have to get a frame for my friend’s picture.
to stay away of something
avoid
Avoid the broken bottles on the floor!
something is a certain way completely or very much
quite
a movement that someone makes
The police officer made a motion with his hand.
a very smart person.
genius
→ Since she was a genius, she easily passed all of her school exams.
a person who is mean to others.
bully
→ The two bullies always picked on the smaller, weaker kids.
A creature from different world
alien
The alien came in peace.
to start something like a company
found
The Pilgrims founded one of the first colonies in the United States.
something is not as good as something else.
inferior
→ Cars built a hundred years ago are inferior to ones built today.
soaked, made moist, or covered with water or another liquid
wet
→ Since my dog was wet, he tried to shake all the water off his body.
something is the first one of that thing.
Ioriginal
→ This is the original painting of the Mona Lisa.
to argue or fight.
quarrel
→ Billy quarreled with his wife about buying a new house.
if something is made of firm material.
solid
→ The safe looked to be quite solid.
an opening in something.
hole
→ The man was going to jump into the hole in the ice.
to use your hand to make it go through the air.
throw
→ The pitcher can throw the baseball very fast.
a person who protects and cares for sheep.
shepherd
→ The shepherd moved the sheep to another field.
something necessary to complete a whole or make up for a deficiency.
supplement
→ He supplements his diet with fresh fruits
to chew and swallow food
eat
You should eat bearkfast every day.
a feeling you get when you do or receive something good.
Satisfaction
→ Brad was filled with satisfaction when he saw what was for dinner
someone who is very good at doing something
expert
The wizard was an expert at magic.
to put pieces of cloth together using string.
sew
→ I learned to sew when I was a little girl.
something that creates heat or energy.
Fuel
→ Heat is the fuel that comes from fire.
to read something aloud so it can be written down.
dictate
→ He dictated his speech so his secretary could write it down.
someone who fights against you.
opponent
→ On the field, our opponents were too good for us.
a small, sharp piece of metal that you use to make or fix clothes.
needle
→ I used a needle to fix the hole in my pants.
people who do bad things to hurt others.
cruel
→ The cruel man yelled at his sister.
a wooden floor built outside of a house or the floor of a ship.
deck
→ A ship will store many supplies below its deck.
teach or train somebody
instruct
My teacher instructs me in several subjects.
to guess to be true
suppose
I suppose I should go home now.
who gives opinions about movies, books, plays, etc.
critic
The wine critic tasted the wine so he could give his opinion.
a structure around a house or field.
fence
→ The farmer put up a fence so that no one could walk on her field.
to be brave enough to try something.
dare
→ He dared to jump out of the airplane and skydive.
to let air go in and out of your body
breathe
We need strong healthy lungs to help us breathe well.
somebody you work with.
colleague
→ My colleague helped me finish the job.
to not be alive.
dead
→ A dead person is usually buried in the ground.
a dark area that something makes when it blocks the sun.
shade
→ It was hot outside, so the boy sat in the shade of a tree.
to catch them for doing something bad.
arrest
→ The man was arrested for breaking the law.
twice as much, or twice as many.
double
→ I paid almost double the amount for that shirt.
to feel pain
suffer
Her headache made her suffer all day.
a person in charge of other people at work.
boss
→ My boss is a nice person.
someone or something that make no sound.
silent
→ Since no one was home, the house was silent.
the act of causing somebody severe pain in order to punish them or make them say or do something
torture
→ Greg thought that writing the essay was torture.
to argue about something with someone
protest
→ The people protested the decision of the president.
to see how heavy something is.
weigh
→ The little dog weighed exactly 3kgs.
at any time
ever
Going skiing last winter was the most fun I’ve ever had.
the steps to take to do something.
process
→ Making a cake is a long process.
a small glass building that is used to grow plants.
greenhouse
→ We have a small greenhouse in our backyard where we grow plants.
reputation one has gained among the public.
Fame
→ He had fame and fortune, but he was not happy.
to go somewhere or do something very quickly
rush
Nancy rushed to finish her homework.
to agree to do what they tell you to do.
submit
→ She submitted to her mother’s wishes and did her homework.
a big area of land.
field
→ The field of flowers looked so pretty.
to make pain or suffering less intense or severe
alleviate [əˈliːvieit]
She needed something to alleviate the pain in her back.
the difference between things or people
differentiate [difəˈrenʃieit]
→ It was hard to differentiate between the identical twins.
the study of the stars in the belief that they influence people’s lives
astrology [əsˈtrɒlədʒi]
→ Jack, who studies astrology, believes that the stars can predict the future.
To disrupt something or someone is to prevent them from working.
disrupt [disˈrʌpt]
→ The loud crash disrupted the class lecture.
a math operation to determine the value of something
equation
→ I used the Pythagorean theorem to solve the equation.
When something is incorrect or only partly correct.
erroneous
→ The child held the erroneous belief that time machines were real.
to make a mistake
err
→ The pilot erred in his estimate of the time it would take to make the trip.
behave in a wild way because people or things are frightened.
frantic
→ The cat became frantic when I tried to give it a bath.
main body of a boat or tank
hull
→ Afterthe wreck at sea, the ship’s hull was the last part to sink.
When an action is done without realizing what you are doing.
inadvertent
→ She made an inadvertent error when she knocked over the nail polish.
a place distance from the equator.
latitude
→ The device was able to tell the traveler his exact latitude.
to do something with whatever is available or without planning.
improvise
→ There was no meat for the pizza, so we improvised with what was in the fridge.
sailor
mariner
→ The old mariner used his telescope to find the shore.
