40 Flashcards

1
Q

advantage of complex body system

A

maintain relative stable internal environment

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2
Q

matrix

A

fiber in a liquid, jelly like, solid foundation

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3
Q

fibtoblasts

A

secret collagen(strength and flexibility) , elastic fibre ( stretch and snap back ), reticular fiber (join connective tissue to adjacent tissue)

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4
Q

loose connective

A

epithelia to underlying tissue hold organ in place

elastic fiber,reticular

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5
Q

cartilage

A

strong and flexible support

collagen

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6
Q

fibrous connective

A

tendon
ligament

elastic and collagen

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7
Q

adipose

A

store fat

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8
Q

regulators

A

use internal change to face external changes

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9
Q

conformer

A

external changes results in internal changes

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10
Q

hemostasis

A

maintain steady state or internal balance regardless of external environment

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11
Q

circadian rhythm

A

physiological changes that occur roughly every 24hr

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12
Q

endothermic

A

generate heat by metabolism
birds
mammals

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13
Q

ectothermic

A

gain heat from external sources

invertebrates,fishes,amphibians,nonavian

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14
Q

poikilotherm

A

varies with environment

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15
Q

homeotherm

A

temp relatively constant

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16
Q

heat exchange mechanisms

A

radiation
evaporation
convection
conduction

17
Q

thermoregulation adaption

A
insulation
circulatory adaptation
evaporation
behavioural
adjusting metabolic heat production
18
Q

insulation

A

hair , fur , feathers , blubber
reduce heat loss
birds and mammals

19
Q

circulatory adaptation

A

many endotherm and some ectotherm
vasodilation:more heat loss
vasoconstriction:heat preservation
countercurrent exchange; marine mammals and birds

20
Q

evaporation

A

panting in birds and animals

sweating or bathing moisten

21
Q

behavioral responce

A

endotherm and ectotherm

terrestrial invertebrates–> body posture

22
Q

adjusting metabolic heat production

A

thermogenesis: adjustment of metabolic heat production to maintain body temp

shivering

23
Q

bioenergetic

A

overall flow and transformation of energy in an animal
determine how much food it needs
size , activity, environment

24
Q

biosynthesis

A

body growth
storage of material as fat
gamete production

25
Q

metabolic rate

A

amount of energy used in unit of time
determined by
-heat loss
-used O2 or carbon

26
Q

BMR

A

endotherm

metabolic rate in rest

27
Q

SMR

A

ectotherm

metabolic rate at rest at a specific temp