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SF1 - Test 2 > 4 - Zill - Vertebral Column > Flashcards

4 - Zill - Vertebral Column Flashcards

1
Q

Back/spine problems are what most common cause of disability?

A

Second

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2
Q

Sagital Plane

A

Divides body in Left and Right halves

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3
Q

Coronal Plane

A

Divides body in Front and Back

“reaching for your corona”

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4
Q

Horizontal Plane

A

Transverse Plane

Divides body in Top and Bottom, perpendicular to long axis of body

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5
Q

Transverse and Spinous Processes

A

Projections form Arch for muscle and ligament attachments

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6
Q

Pedicle

A

Project from the body

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7
Q

Laminae

A

Unite to form posterior arch

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8
Q

Vertebral Arch

A

Surrounds vertebral canal, spinal cord

Consists of:

Pedicles

Laminae

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9
Q

Vertebrae Body

A

Anterior

Solid, transmits weight

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10
Q
A
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11
Q

Intervertebral Foramina

A

Spinal neves leave vertebral canal

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12
Q

Superior and Inferior Articular Processes (Facets)

A

Junction between pedicles and laminae

Forms joints between adjacent vertebrae

Orientation determine types of movement that occur between vertebrae

ALLOW AND RESTRICT MOVEMENT

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13
Q

Cervical

Thoracic

Lumbar

Sacral

Coccygeal

A

Cervical - 7

Thoracic - 12

Lumbar - 5

Sacral - 5 fused

Coccygeal - 3-5

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14
Q

Foramen Transversarium

A

Hole in C1-C7 for vertebral artery and veins

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15
Q

If you see holes to the left and right of the body, what type of vertebrae must it be?

A

Cervical

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16
Q

Attachment for Ligamentum Nuchae

A

Bifid

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17
Q

Cervical Articular Facets

A

Allow most movement

Angled superiorly and medially

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18
Q

C1 (Atlas)

A

No Body

“Yes” Movement - C1-Occipital connection

Flexion-Extension

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19
Q

What permits Flexion-Extension movement in C1?

A

Superior Articular Facets

20
Q

C2 (Axis)

A

Peg like Odontoid Dens

Pivot Joint = allowing “No” movement

21
Q

What allows “no” rotation in the cervical spine?

A

C1-C2 pivot joint

22
Q

C7 (Vertebra Prominens)

A

Small Foramina Tranversaria - only veins

Spinous Process - long, not bifid

Palpable

23
Q

Spinous Process (C7)

A

Palpable, can be palpated externally to tell vertebral level

24
Q

Costal Facets

A

Thoracic

Body (rib head) and Transverse Process (Tubercle)

Attachment of ribs

25
Q

Articular Processes in Thoracic Vertebra

A

Coronal plane

No flexion of heart and lungs

26
Q

Lumbar Articular Processes

A

Sagittal plane

Can bend over, not twist

27
Q

Sacrum has fused:

A

Tranverse Processes, Spinous Processes

28
Q

What allows for transmission of weight from vertebrae to pelvis

A

Sacro-Illiac Joint

29
Q

Anterior Longitudinal Ligament

A

Front of vertebrae

Strong bands = strength

30
Q

Posterior Longitudinal Ligament

A

Weaker, more narrow

Posterior of spinal canal–not body

31
Q

Ligamenta Flava

A

Yellow elastic bands, allow movement

Epidural

32
Q

Intraspinous and Supraspinous Ligaments

A

Interspinous - interior

Supra - Exterior

33
Q

Where are spinous ligaments greatly thikened?

A

Cervical regous to form ligamentum nuchae

Support head, provide muscle attachment

34
Q

Joints Between Vertebrae

A

Joints between articular processes (facets)

Synovial Plane joints that permit sliding movements

Ommobilized in Facet Fusion surgery

35
Q

Nucleus Pulposus

A

Inner gelatinous core of interverbral discs

36
Q

Anulus Fibrosus

A

Outer, stiff region of interverbral discs

37
Q

Where is the weak spot in anulus fribrosus?

What occurs here often?

A

Posterior region

Postero-lateral herniations

38
Q

Extension

Flexion

Lateral Flexion

A

Extension = Bend posterior (back)

Flexion = Bend anterior (front)

Lateral Flexion = Bend lateral (side)

39
Q

Articular Facet Movement Restrictions:

Cervical

Thoracic

Lumbar

A

Cervical - Superiorly and Medially (angled) - most movement

Thoracic - Coronal - rotation

Lumbar - Sagittal - flex/exten

40
Q

Primary Curvature

A

Concave only

41
Q

Where is the primary curvature in adults?

Where do secondary curvatures form?

A

Primary: Thorax

Secondary: Cervical / Lumbar

42
Q

How does the spine curve laterally?

A

Opposite handedness

R ( L

43
Q

Kyphosis

A

Hump back

Exaggerated anterior concave curvature

Thorax of elderly

44
Q

Scoliosis

A

Abnormal lateral curvature

45
Q

What can cause scoliosis?

A

Hemivertebra

one half of a vertebra fails to develop, causes spacing issue

46
Q

Lordosis

A

Exaggerated lumbar curvature, posterior concave

shifts center of mass anteriorly

Normal: Pregnancy

Abnormal: Obesity

47
Q
A

SF1 - Test 2 (13 decks)

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