Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SF1 - Test 2 > 3 - Grover - Sensory Receptors > Flashcards

3 - Grover - Sensory Receptors Flashcards

1
Q

Two Main Receptor Categories

A

Nonencapsulated

Encapsulated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Nonencapsulated Receptors

A

Bare terminals of myelinated and unmyelinated axons in contact with epithelial cells of skin

Ex:

Mechanical/thermal

Itch

Pain (nociceptors)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Merkel Endings

A

Disk-shaped terminal of myelinated axons

Contact merkel cells (vessicle holders), resembles synapse

Mechanoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Hair Follicle Receptors

A

Bending of hair distorys axon membrane opening stretch gated channels

Mechanoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Mechanoreceptors

A

Contain stretch gated cation channels

Pressure applied to skin is transmitted through capsule to the axon ending

Capsule alters transmission of pressure to sensory endings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Meissner Corpuscle

A

Stacked layers of Schwann cells

Located under epidermis of hairless (glabrous) skin

Mechanoreceptors

Light Pressure, Textures, Edges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pacinian Corpuscle

A

Subcutaneous

Concentric layers of epithelial cells with fluid filled spaces

Single axon ending in center of corpuscle

mechanoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ruffini Endings

A

Demis, subcutaneous, and connective tissue

Capsule contains collagen strands with intertwined axon endings

Stretching of skin applies tension to collagen–squeezing axon endings

Mechanoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What determines adaptation rate for encapsulated receptors?

A

Phsycial properties of capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How do Pacinian Corpuscles adapt?

A

Rapid Adaptation

Respond to sustained indentation with transient ctivity at onset and offset of stimulus–layers rearrange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where will action potentials be generated?

(1, 2, 3, or 4)

A

2 and 4

None generated at 3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How do Pacinian Corpuscle’s best respond to changes?

A

Most sensitive to fast vibrations–fast change in pressure

“Event Detectors” - grasping an object in hand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Tuning Curve

A

Plots intensity vs frequency

Most sensitive at frequency where threshold intensity is lowest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Meissner Corpuscle Tuning?

A

Tuned to respond to lower frequencies of vibration than Pacinian Corpuscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How do hair follicles adapt?

A

Rapid–stop firing when bent position is held

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are slowly adapting receptors?

A

Merkel Receptors (skin indentation)

Ruffini Receptor (stretching)

Free Nerve Endings (some can be rapid)

17
Q

Low vs High Threshold Receptors

Free Nerve endings that function as mechanoreceptors are what type?

Examples?

A

Low = high sensitivity

High = low sensitivity

Free nerve endings that function as mechanoreceptors are high threshold

- - -

Low Threshold = Meissner, Merkel, Ruffini, Pacinian, Hair Follicle

18
Q

Where are Meissner’s corpuscles located?

A

Glabrous (hairless) skin

Hands, Feet (sensitive areas)

19
Q

Receptive Field

What does a small receptive field size indicate?

A

Spatial location where a stimulus is effective for activating a single receptor cell

  • -

Small receptive field = high spatial resolution

20
Q

Where are receptive fields the smallest and largest?

What are the relative sizes for Meissner, Merkel, Ruffini, and Pacinian?

A

Smallest on digits of hands, largest on trunk and limbs

Large = Pacinian / Ruffini

Small = Meissner / Merkel

21
Q

What type of receptors does Two-point Discrimination rely on?

A

Merkel/Meisner (small)

22
Q

How do Merkel Cell receptors best function?

A

Signal weight, form, suface features

Best: Sustained response, steady pressure exerted by edges of objects held in hand

23
Q

What is the most abundant receptor in the hand?

What are they best used for?

A

Meissner Corpuscle

Best used to detect tectures and edges as the hand is moved over surfaces

24
Q

What does the combination of Merkel and Meissner receptors provide?

A

High spatial and high temporal resolution

25
Q

Ruffini Endings functions

A

Respond to stretching of skin

Signal posture and movements of body

LIMB POSITION

26
Q

Nociceptors

Itch Receptors

A

Respond to noxious mechanical, thermal, and chemical stimuli

  • -

Respond to chemical stimuli, including histamine

27
Q

Free Nerve mechanoreceptors

A

Respond to non-noxious mechanical stimuli with low sensitivity/high threshold (crude touch sensation)

28
Q

Joint Receptors:

Free Nerve Endings

Ruffini Endings

Pacinian Corpuscles

A

Free Nerve = joint pain

Ruffini = Around joints, movements/stretching

Pacinian = Bone vibration (jackhammer)

29
Q

A-beta Fibers

A

Most cutaneous mechanoreceptors;

Large diamete

Myelinated

FAST conduction velocity

30
Q

A-delta Fibers

A

Hair follicle , some free nerve endings

Small Diameter

Light myelination

SLOW conduction

31
Q

C-fibers

A

Small diameter

UNMYELINATED axons of free nerve endings

32
Q

Fast vs Slow Pain Response

A

A-delta = FAST (sharp, pricking, localized)

C-fiber = SLOW (aching, throbbing, burning)

33
Q
A

SF1 - Test 2 (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions