4. WATER MANAGEMENT WORKBOOK QUESTIONS Flashcards
True or False: Infrequent, deep soakings of trees and shrubs are preferable to frequent, shallow watering.
True
What term describes the rate at which water soaks into the soil?
Infiltration rate
Clay soils have a greater ____ than sandy soils, but water percolates through clay more slowly.
Water-holding capacity
What is an estimate of water availability vs. demand in a tree’s environment?
Water budget
What are the three irrigation factors that affect a water budget?
Duration, frequency, distribution
True or False: It is preferable to minimize irrigation that applies water directly to foliage.
True
Name three plant adaptations for surviving low water availability.
Deep root systems, shedding leaves, leaf adaptations
What is the term for irrigation designed to supply only enough water to maintain desired plant quality during drought?
Minimum irrigation
What type of water is increasingly used for irrigation in dry regions?
Recycled (reclaimed) water
What is the measure of water use by plants and evaporation from soil called?
Evapotranspiration rate
Name a tool used to monitor soil moisture levels.
Tensiometer
True or False: Adjusting the grade of a site is the first choice to avoid drainage problems.
True
What is a problem associated with flooding?
Lack of oxygen leading to root suffocation
When irrigating trees, what is preferable?
Infrequent, deep soakings are preferable to frequent, shallow waterings.
Sandy soils have higher ____ than clay soils.
Infiltration rates
A soil is at field capacity when?
Gravitational water has drained away.
Which of the following is true about irrigating with recycled (reclaimed) water?
Recycled water is typically high in salts.
Which of the following is a problem associated with flooding?
All of the above (lack of oxygen, changes in soil chemistry, toxic compound buildup)
Water fills both macropores and micropores
Saturation
The total amount of water held by a soil after drainage occurs (when it’s at field capacity)
Water holding capacity
Clay soils have high water holding
Sandy soils have low water holding
The volume of soil occupied my plant roots + the water holding capacity of said soil =???
Soil moisture reservoir
Water held in the capillary pores of the soil; much of this water can move in any direction and is readily available to plant roots.
Capillary water
The process of roots absorbing water and carrying it up to the necessary areas of the tree
begins with which of the following processes?
(A) Osmosis
(B) Respiration
(C) Transpiration
(D) Photosynthesis
(A) Osmosis
Water remaining in the soil after gravitational water has drained and before the permanent wilting point has been reached.
Available water (Capillary water)
