4. Variation & Inheritance Flashcards

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1
Q

The differences between different species and differences within a species is known as

A

Variation

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2
Q

We inherit half of our DNA from

A

each parent

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3
Q

Characteristics that show discrete variation can be separated into

A

distinct groups

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4
Q

Characteristics that show continuous variation show

A

a wide range of values

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5
Q

Height is an example of

A

continuous variation

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6
Q

Eye colour is an example of

A

discrete variation

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7
Q

Tongue-rolling ability is an example of

A

discrete variation

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8
Q

Stem length in flowers is an example of

A

continuous variation

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9
Q

Variation is possible because

A

of the different genes we inherit

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10
Q

Characteristics that show discrete variation are controlled by

A

one gene

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11
Q

Characteristics that show continuous variation are controlled by

A

more than one gene

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12
Q

When a characteristic is controlled by many genes we say it is

A

polygenic

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13
Q

Most features of our characteristics are polygenic and show

A

continuous variation

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14
Q

A Gene is

A

a section of DNA that codes for the production of a protein

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15
Q

Alleles are

A

different forms of a gene

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16
Q

A phenotype describes the

A

physical appearance of a characteristic

17
Q

A phenotype is always written in

A

words (eg Brown hair, Blue eyes etc)

18
Q

A genotype is

A

the set of genes and organism has for a particular characteristic

19
Q

A genotype is always written in

A

letters (eg DD, Dd or dd)

20
Q

A dominant allele

A

always appears in the phenotype

21
Q

Individuals that have 2 of the SAME alleles for a characteristic are known as

A

Homozygous

22
Q

Individuals that have 2 DIFFERENT alleles for a characteristic are known as

A

Heterozygous

23
Q

The expected F2 phenotypic ratio in a monohybrid cross is

A

3:1

24
Q

Actual ratios are not always as expected because

A

Fertilisation is a random process